考研考博-英语-扬州中瑞酒店职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-扬州中瑞酒店职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Aftersomanyweekswithoutrain,thegroundquickly（

）thelittlerainthatfelllastnight.

问题1选项

A.skipped

B.soaked

C.retrieved

D.absorbed

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项skip“跳跃、遗漏”；B选项soak“浸湿”；C选项retrieve“检索、恢复”；D选项absorb“吸收、承受”，由题干可推测地面快速“吸收”雨水，句意为：这么多星期没有下雨，地面很快吸收了昨晚的少量雨水。故正确答案选D。

2.单选题

Usingmanysymbolsmakes______toputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

问题1选项

A.possible

B.itispossible

C.itpossible

D.thatpossible

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息。根据固定搭配makesth.+adj.(forsb.)todosth.“做某事（对某人来说）是怎么样的”，结合选项可知这里it是形式宾语，所以C选项itpossible符合题意。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Whenhesawwhathadhappenedtotheblackgirl,hisface（）extremedisapprovalanddissatisfaction.

问题1选项

A.registered

B.suggested

C.reflect

D.enhance

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。register“登记；记录；（用表情等）流露出”;suggest“提议;建议；暗示”；reflect“反映;反射;照出”；enhance“提髙；加强；增加”。句意：当他看到那个黑人女孩的遭遇吋，他脸上流露出极其反对和不满的表情。由face以及extremedisapprovalanddissatisfaction“极其反对和不满的情绪”可知，他应该是流露出这种情感。故A项正确。

4.单选题

（

）thefirsttousenuclearweapons.

问题1选项

A.AtnotimeChinawillbe

B.NeverChinawillbe

C.WillChinaneverbe

D.AtnotimewillChinabe

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装。句意：中国在任何时候都不会率先使用核武器。当具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。因此答案选D。

5.单选题

Thecat’shappyexpressionboretestimonythatithadeatenthecream.

问题1选项

A.doubt

B.proof

C.experience

D.revelation

【答案】B

【解析】考查同义名词辨析。A选项doubt“怀疑，质疑”；B选项proof“证明，验证”；C选项experience“经验，经历，体验”；D选项revelation“启示，揭示”。句意：那只猫快乐的表情证明它吃了奶油。Testimony“证据，证词”，由此可知B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

ManyfarmsintheSouthernUnitedStates（）hayandtobaccoandexportthemtootherpartsofthecountry.

问题1选项

A.store

B.fertilize

C.sow

D.yield

【答案】D

【解析】fertilize使肥沃；sow播种；yield出产。句意：美国南部的许多农场生产干草和烟草,并出口到美国其他地区。选项D最符合语境。

7.单选题

Hehadgoneawayonbusinessandwouldnotreturntothehoteluntilthenextday.Ishouldhavetowaittill（）Icouldthankhimforthepresent.

问题1选项

A.afterwards

B.then

C.thenbefore

D.thentherefore

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他出差去了，第二天才会回旅馆。我应该等到那个时候才能表达对他送我礼物的感谢。分析题干结构，根据关键词till可知空白处首先应填入—个与thenextday意思相似的副词，即then；另外“Icouldthankhimforthepresent”这部分为时间状语，引导词应该用before，故答案选项为C。

8.单选题

JapaneseleadersaboardtheU.S.battleshipMissouriandsignedthe（

）surrender,whichendedWorldWarTwoin1945.

问题1选项

A.conditional

B.infinite

C.everlasting

D.unconditional

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。Conditional“有条件的”；infinite“无限的，无穷的”；everlasting“永久的，永恒的”；unconditional“无条件的”。句意：1945年，日本领导人在美国密苏里战舰上签署了无条件投降协议。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

问题1选项

A.inregardto

B.inlinewith

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短语。inregardto“关于”；inlinewith“符合，与……一致”；intermsof“依据，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”。分析句子结构可知，空格处后面的内容是做方式状语，因此从C与D选项中选，根据两个词组的意思，可知选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Heisso____thathebuiltaporchforhishouselastsummerduringhisvacation.

问题1选项

A.productive

B.snobbish

C.authoritative

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.productive高效的；多产的B.snobbish势利的

C.authoritative权威的D.versatile多才多艺的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】根据后文“去年夏天度假时还为自己的房子建了一个门廊”可知，他会修建门廊，体现出他的多才多艺，D选项versatile“多才多艺的”最符合前后语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】

A选项productive“高效的；多产的”，侧重于指生产商品或种植农作物的产量高，不符合前后语义衔接；

B选项snobbish“势利的”，不符合前后语义衔接；

C选项authoritative“权威的”，不符合前后语义衔接。

【句意】他多才多艺，去年夏天度假时还为自己的房子建了一个门廊。

11.单选题

Ourstomachscanoftenbeamysterytousandmanyofusdon’trealizejusthowmuchthefoodweeatcanimpactonourmoodandmentalwell-being.

AccordingtocharityAllergyUK,ashocking45%ofussufferswithfoodanddrinkintolerances,beverage—thisiscalledfoodintolerance.

Foodintoleranceisamuchmorecommonproblemthanfoodallergyandoneofthemostharmfulsymptomscanbelowmood.1in4peopleintheUKwillsufferproblemswiththeirmoodormentalhealtheveryyear,withanti-depressantprescriptionsincreasingbyover40%inthelast5years.

RecentresearchfromYorkTestLaboratories,leadingexpertsinfoodintolerancetesting,hasfoundthat97%oftheircustomersreportedproblemsrelatingtomoodasasignificantsymptomoftheirfoodintolerance,ofwhich73%feltthattheirmoodhadsignificantlyimprovedafteralteringtheirdietstoremovefoodstowhichtheyreacted.

Inaddition,inarecentpaperpublishedintheJournalofNutritionandFoodSciences,over81%ofpatientsreportedasignificantimprovementinmoodandmentalwell-beingasadirectconsequenceofapplyingthedietarychangesrecommendedbyYorkTest.

Sohowisitthatthefoodweeatcanhavesuchasignificantimpactonourmood?

Bidirectionalconnectionsbetweenthegutandthebrainarecomplexandareregulatedinthebodyinthreedifferentways:throughnerves,hormonesandtheimmunesystem.Thegutmediatesthebody’simmuneresponse;atleast70percentofourimmunesystemissituatedinthegutandisusedtoexpelandkillforeigninvaders.

Ourgutcontainssome100millionneurons(nervecells),morethanineitherthespinalcordortheperipheralnervoussystem.Alloftheseneuronsliningourdigestivesystemdomuchmorethanmerelyhandledigestionorcauseoccasionalnervousfeelings.Ourgutpartlydeterminesourmentalstateandplayskeyrolesincertaindiseasesthroughoutthebody.Manypeoplewillnotbeawarethat90%ofserotonin（血清素）,thebrain’s“happyhormone”isproducedinthegut—itisforthesereasonsthatthegutisoftenreferredtoasthe‘secondbrain’.

Inaddition,researchhasshownthatdepressionisfrequentlyassociatedwithgastrointestinal（肠胃的）inflammation—acommonsymptomoffoodintolerance.Bytacklingunidentifiedfoodintolerances,notonlywillphysicalsymptomsbenefit,butmentalhealthsymptomscanoftenshowsignificantimprovement.

Thereareanumberofwaystoidentifypotentiallymoodsuppressingfoodintolerances.OnethatIrecommendisscientificallyvalidatedandwellresearchedisYorkTest.ItsfoodanddrinkintolerancetestcalledFood&DrinkScancanuncoverpotentialfoodanddrinktriggers,allowingpeopletosimplymodifytheirdietswithlifechanginghealthbenefits.

1.Theover40%increaseofanti-depressantprescriptionsinthelast5yearsintheUKwasattributedto（）.

2.WhichisNOToneofthereasonswhythegutisoftenreferredtoasthe“secondbrain”?

3.Whatfrequentlyhasacausalconnectionwithdepression?

4.Whatisthepurposeinone’stakingYorkTest?

问题1选项

A.foodintolerance

B.foreigninvaders

C.foodallergy

D.foodtriggers

问题2选项

A.Ourgutcontainsmorenervecellsthaninthespinalcord.

B.Theneuronsinthegutcontributesolelytoeffectivedigestion.

C.90%ofthebrain’s“happyhormone”isproducedinthegut.

D.Certaindiseasesresultfromourdigestivesystem.

问题3选项

A.Apsychiatricdisorder.

B.Bidirectionaltreatment.

C.Gastrointestinalinflammation.

D.Unidentifiedphysicalproblems.

问题4选项

A.Tovalidatethescientificresearch.

B.Todetectthesourceoffoodintolerance.

C.Toinventamodificationoflifestyle.

D.Toprescribeanti-depressantdrugs

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第三段的内容可知,食物耐受不良是一个比食物过敏更常见的问题,最有害的症状之一是情绪低落。在英国,每年有四分之一的人情绪或心理健康都会出现问题,在过去的五年中,抗抑郁药物的处方数量增加了40%以上。所以选项A正确。

2.根据第八段的内容可知,选项A,C,D均符合原文;根据第二句“Alloftheseneuronsliningourdigestivesystemdomuchmorethanmerelyhandledigestionorcauseoccasionalnervousfeelings.”所有这些排列在我们消化系统中的神经元不仅仅是处理消化,偶尔也会引起紧张情绪。选项B描述太绝对,所以不正确。

3.根据第九段第一句“researchhasshownthatdepressionisfrequentlyassociatedwithgastrointestinalinflammation”研究表明抑郁症经常与肠胃炎联系在一起。所以选项C正确。

4.根据最后一段最后一句“ItsfoodanddrinkintolerancetestcalledFood&DrinkScancanuncoverpotentialfoodanddrinktriggers...”这项名为“饮食扫描”的饮食耐受不良测试,可以发现饮食耐受不良潜在的诱因。选项B符合原文。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

12.单选题

Successatlanguageis（）ofintelligence.

问题1选项

A.amorematterofapplicationthan

B.amattermoreofapplicationthan

C.amatterofapplicationmorethan

D.moreamatterofapplicationthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:语言的成功与其说是智力问题，不如说是应用问题。

语法题。考查比较结构。amatterof“事关……的事”，四个选项中，只有D项符合正确表达。

13.不定项选择题

Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.Hewantstoseewhatisreachingtowardshim,andtobeabletorecognizeoratleastclassifyit.Manalwaystendstoavoidphysicalcontactwithanythingstrange.Eveninsleep,whenheisfarmoreunguarded,hecanalltooeasilybedisturbedbyatouch.

Allthedistanceswhichmencreateroundthemselvesaredictatedbythisfear.Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.Thefearofbeingtouchedremainswithuswhenwegoaboutamongpeople;thewaywemoveinabusystreet,inrestaurants,trainsorbuses,isgovernedbyit.Evenwhenwearestandingnexttothemandareabletowatchandexaminethemclosely,weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.

Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.Thecrowdheneedsisthedensecrowd,inwhichbodyispressedtobody;acrowd,too,whosephysicalconstitutionisalsodense,orcompact,sothathenolongernoticeswhoitisthatpressesagainsthim.Assoonasamanhassurrenderedhimselftothecrowdheceasestofearitstouch.

Ideallyallareequalthere;nodistinctionscount,noteventhatofsex.Themanpressedagainsthimisthesameashimself.Hefeelshimashefeelshimself.Suddenlyitisasthougheverythingwerehappeninginoneandthesamebody.Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.Themorefiercelypeoplepresstogether,themorecertaintheyfeelthattheydonotfeareachother.Thisreversalofthefearofbeingtouchedbelongstothenatureofcrowds.Thefeelingofreliefismoststrikingwherethedensityofthecrowdisgreatest.

1.Peoplefearburglarsbecause（）.

2.Inpublic,accordingtotheauthor,we（）.

3.Whichisthepossiblemeaningofthephrase“maketheapproach”inParagraph3?

4.Thewaywefeelwheninacrowdispresentedasa(n)（）.

5.Onceformed,crowdsalwaystendto（）.

问题1选项

A.theyarrivesuddenlyandunexpectedly

B.theygrabyouinthedark

C.theytakeawayyourmosttreasuredpersonalpossessions

D.theyattackpeopleintheassumedsafetyoftheirhome

问题2选项

A.alwaysavoidcontactwithpeople

B.donotobjecttosomeoneattractivetouchingus

C.feelveryuneasy

D.trynottobetouched

问题3选项

A.runaway

B.makeone’sway

C.layouttheroad

D.trytogetnearer

问题4选项

A.absurdity

B.logicalconclusion

C.opposite

D.paradox

问题5选项

A.becomeuncomfortable

B.contract

C.expand

D.splitup

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。文中第一句话Thereisnothingthatmanfearsmorethanthetouchoftheunknown.“没有什么比接触未知更让人害怕的了。”以及第二段第二句Theyshutthemselvesinhouseswhichnoonemayenter,notonlythefearofbeingrobbed,butalsothefearofasuddenandunexpectedclutchoutofthedarkness.“他们把自己关在一所不让人进去的房子里，不仅怕被抢劫，而且也怕突然地、意外地从黑暗中钻出来。”有提到，人们害怕未知事物是因为怕黑暗中的突然意外。A选项“他们来得突然，出乎意料”这是窃贼的特点，但不是人们害怕的理由；B选项“他们在黑暗中抓住你”，跟原文表达的意思是一样的；C选项“它们会带走你最珍贵的个人财产”文中有提及，但表示深层原因；D选项“他们在人们认为安全的家里攻击他们”跟“黑暗中被抓住”意思有出入。因此B选项符合题意。

第2题:判断推理题。文章第二段提到…weavoidactualcontactifwecan.Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone…“我们尽量避免实际接触。如果我们不回避它，那是因为我们被某人吸引了”，由此可知，在公共场合，作者认为我们不反对有吸引力的人对我们的碰触，所以B选项符合题意。A选项“总是避免与人接触”跟原文表述“尽量避免与人接触”还是有区别的，前者有些绝对化，人多的时候我们不可能避免接触，只是说尽量；C选项“感到十分不安”，文中没有提到关于心情方面；D选项“尽量不要被碰”也是比较绝对的说法。因此B选项正确。

第3题:语义推测题。由题意定位到文章第二段Ifwedonotavoidit,itisbecausewefeelattractedtosomeone;andthenitiswewhomaketheapproach.“如果我们不回避它，那是因为我们被某人吸引了；然后是我们来采取行动。”由此可知，maketheapproach意为“采取措施，采取行动”。A选项“逃跑”意思不对；B选项“让路，行走”也不符合题意；C选项“铺设道路”可排除；D选项“试着靠近”与approach（靠近）意思一致，比较符合题意。因此D选项正确。

第4题:判断推理题。由题干定位到文章第三段Itisonlyinacrowdthatmancanbecomefreeofthisfearofbeingtouched.Thatistheonlysituationinwhichthefearchangesintoitsopposite.

“只有在人群中，人们才能摆脱被触碰的恐惧。只有在这种情况下，恐惧才会变成与之相反的。”后面还给出了相应的合理解释。由此可知，我们在人群中一般的感受是合理的。B选项“合乎逻辑的结论”符合题意；A选项“荒谬，谬论”与题意相反；C选项“相反的”并不是原文要表达的意思；D选项“悖论”不合题意可排除。因此B选项正确。

第5题:判断推理题。结合文章最后一段Thisisperhapsoneofthereasonswhyacrowdseekstocloseinonitself:itwantstorideachindividualascompletelyaspossibleofthefearofbeingtouched.“这也许是群体慢慢向他自己靠拢的原因之一：它希望尽可能彻底地消除每个个体对被触碰的恐惧。”意思是人群多了，每个人所占据的空间就相应地缩小了，也就向自己越靠越紧了。B选项contract“收缩”符合题意。A选项“变得不舒服”，由最后一句话可知该选项意思不对；C选项“扩张”与题意正好相反；D选项“分开”文中未提及可排除。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Realestatedevelopers,smallbusinessesandotherborrowershavecomplainedstrenuouslyinrecentweeksofweakeningsalesandscarcecredit.

问题1选项

A.reluctantly

B.vigorously

C.continually

D.regularly

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.reluctantly不情愿地B.vigorously有力地

C.continually不断地D.regularly有规律地，间隙均匀地

【答案】B

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】strenuously的意思为“极力地，使劲地”，指的是房地产开发商、小企业和其他借款人卯着劲地抱怨，vigorously，与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】房地产开发商、小企业和其他借款人最近几周一直在强烈抱怨销售疲软和信贷稀缺。

15.单选题

Withglobalizationthelatestfashioninpoliticsandeconomics,itwasinconceivablethatculturewouldescapeitsall-pervasiveinfluence.TheLivingWebsterEncyclopedicDictionarydefinescultureastheacquiredabilityofanindividualorpeopletorecognizeandappreciategenerally-acceptedaestheticandintellectualexcellence.Thisallowsampleroomforthedominantwesterncivilizationtoimposeitsvalue-system,especiallywhentheabilitytorecognizegenerally-acceptedestheticandintellectualexcellenceisacquired.

Globalizationmeansnotmerelyconformitybutalsouniformitytothedominant,primarilyAmericanculture.Thisappliesasmuchtofoodasitdoestomusicandclothes.PeoplearoundtheworldareexpectedtoeatfatMcDonaldhamburgers,drinkPepsiorCoke,wearLevijeansanddancetoMichaelJacksonmusic.AmajorroleinthisglobalizationcampaignisplayedbytheEnglishlanguage.FranceandGermanytriedtopromotetheirlanguagesbuthavebeenlargelyunsuccessful.TheAmericandollar,whichhasbecometheglobalcurrency,isalsoanimportantfacilitator.

Cultureisnotvalue-free.Itbringswithitsuchotherbeliefsasfeministrhetoric（言舌辛），concernaboutenvironmentalissues,drugs,andtherighttohaveanabortionandtohavechildrenoutofmarriage.Selectiveconcernfornarrowly-definedhumanrightsanddemocracyaresomeofitsotherpetprojects.Advocatesofglobalculturearguethatitwillhelpcreateamorepeacefulworld.Thisistheflipsideoftheglobaleconomyargumentwhichissupposedtobringprosperitytoallhumanbeings.Allavailableevidencepointsintheoppositedirection.Economicglobalizationhasmeantthattherichhavebecomericherandthepoorpoorer.Whyshouldauniformglobalcultureleadtopeaceworldwidewhentherearesomanycompetinginterestsclamoringforsupport?GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness.ItwasOscarWildewhohadsaidthatAmericaisacountrythathasgonefrombrutalitytodegenerationwithoutthestageofcivilization.

Likeeconomicsandpolitics,cultureisalsopeddledthroughanumberofmechanisms.InadditiontoHollywoodandCNN,anumberofgroupsinnon-westernsocietiesareavailabletopushthedominantAmericanculturedownthethroatsofotherpeoples.Often,itisdifficulttoresistsuchoutpouring.Sincecultureisnotseparatefrompoliticalandeconomicconsiderations,politicalandbusinesseliteshavebecomeitspurveyors（承办商）.Forinstance,non-westernbusinessmenhaveatendencytoacquirewesternculturalhabitstobeabletorubshoulderswiththeirwesterncounterparts.Itisnosecretthattherichinpoorcountrieshavemoreincommonwiththerichinrichcountriesthantheyhavewiththepoorintheirowncountries.

1.Weknowfromthefirstpassagethat（）.

2.Whichofthefollowinggivesthechiefimpetustoglobalization?

3.Theauthorendsthethirdpassagewithimplicationthat（）.

4.AllthefollowingareaidingtheAmericanculturetosweeptheworldEXCEPT（）.

5.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward“globalculturewillhelptocreateamorepeacefulworld”?

问题1选项

A.globalizationwillhaveanimpactonculture

B.cultureandGlobalizationhavenorelations

C.culturewillfacilitateglobalization

D.culturewillavoidtheinfluenceofglobalization

问题2选项

A.English

B.Germany

C.France

D.Dollars

问题3选项

A.Americanculturewillultimatelyreplacetheothercultures

B.thedominantwesterncultureshouldn’treplacehumandiversity

C.Americandemocracyappliestoallthecountries

D.Globalculturalwillmakeapeacefulword

问题4选项

A.FrenchandGermanpeople

B.somegroupsisnon-westernsocieties

C.non-westernpoliticalandbusinesselites

D.HollywoodandCNN

问题5选项

A.Sentimental

B.Disappointed

C.Negative

D.Positive

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“我们能从第一段得到什么信息？”文章第一段第一句话提到“随着全球化成为政治和经济领域的最新潮流，很难想象文化会逃脱其无处不在的影响”(Withglobalizationthelatestfashioninpoliticsandeconomics,itwasinconceivablethatculturewouldescapeitsall-pervasiveinfluence)，由此可知文化也受全球化的影响，因此选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项对全球化有促进作用？”文章第二段倒数第三句话提到“在这场全球化运动中，英语发挥了重要作用”(AmajorroleinthisglobalizationcampaignisplayedbytheEnglishlanguage)，因此选项A符合题意。

3.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者在第三段结尾暗示了什么？”第三段结尾提到“全球化意味着人类的多样性将被美国的赤裸和粗鄙的文化潮流所席卷。奥斯卡•王尔德曾说美国是一个没有经历过文明阶段而从残忍过渡到堕落的国家”（GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness.ItwasOscarWildewhohadsaidthatAmericaisacountrythathasgonefrombrutalitytodegenerationwithoutthestageofcivilization），由此可知作者暗示“占统治地位的西方文化不应该取代人类的多样性”，选项B符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“下面哪项不是美国文化席卷全球的促进因素？”文章第二段倒数第二句话提到“法国和德国试图推销他们的语言但是失败了”(FranceandGermanytriedtopromotetheirlanguagesbuthavebeenlargelyunsuccessful),由此可知这两个国家是没有帮助美国文化席卷全球的，他们致力于推广自己的文化，因此选项A符合题意。

5.观点态度题。题目问的是“作者对‘全球文化将创造出一个更和平的世界’这句话的态度是什么？”文章第三段提到“当有很多相互竞争的利益要求支持时，为什么统一的全球文化应该带来和平？全球文化意味着人类的多样性将被美国赤裸和粗鄙的文化潮流所席卷”(Whyshouldauniformglobalcultureleadtopeaceworldwidewhentherearesomanycompetinginterestsclamoringforsupport?GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness),由此可知，作者对“全球文化将创造出一个更和平的世界”这句话是持否定态度的，因此选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.sensitive

C.brilliant

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项glowing“灼热的；热情洋溢的；鲜艳的”；B选项sensitive“敏感的；感觉的；灵敏的；感光的；易受伤害的；易受影响的”；C选项brilliant“灿烂的，闪耀的；杰出的；有才气的；精彩的，绝妙的”；D选项gloomy“黑暗的；沮丧的；阴郁的”。句意：虽然猫在完全黑暗中看不见东西，但它们的眼睛比人眼对光更敏感。因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.

Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds;attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbomwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,ifthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern’’toy-bear”.Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’sbabbling（呼呀学语）,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild’snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

1.ThepurposeofFrederickII’sexperimentwas（

）.

2.Thereasonsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostlikelythat（

）.

3.Whatisparticularlyremarkableaboutachildisthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothers,hewillinfuture（

）.

问题1选项

A.toprovethatchildrenarebomwiththeabilitytospeak

B.todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech

C.tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak

D.toprovethatachildcouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage

问题2选项

A.theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly

B.theyareexposedtotoomuchlanguageatonce

C.theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak

D.theirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthem

问题3选项

A.heisbomwiththecapacitytospeak

B.hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal’s

C.hecanproducehisownsentences

D.heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing

问题4选项

A.Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.

B.Thechild’sbrainishighlyselective.

C.Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.

D.Alltheabove.

问题5选项

A.haveahighIQ

B.belessintelligent

C.beinsensitivetoverbalsignals

D.notnecessarilybebackward

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节题。该实验目的出现在第一段最后一句:Hopingtodiscoverwhat1anguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent(他希望能够发现孩子在没有听到任何母语的时候会说什么，并嘱咐护士们保持沉默)。因此B项(发现孩子在没有听到任何人类语言的情况下会说什么语言)正确。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词backward