2020年成都中考B卷专题训练-补全短文训练-教师版

中考专题训练---补全短文（一）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutsuccess.Somepeoplethinksuccessmeanslivingalifethatencouragesotherpeopletodowellintheirownlives.Everybookstorehasbiographies（传记）offamouspeople.Peoplebuythesebooksandfollowthesepeopletoimprovethemselves.1Soyou'resuccessfulifotherpeoplewanttofollowyou.ManygreatartistslikeMozartandBeethovenlivedapoorlife.2They'vebeendeadforcenturiesbuttheystillremainfamoustoday.Themeaningofanartist'ssuccessisthathecanmakealegacy（遗产）thatlastslongerthanhisownlife.Togetmorewealth,certainriskshavetobetaken.Somepeopledon'twanttopaythepriceoffame,powerorfortune.3Theythinkthatapeacefullifeisalsoasuccess.Thoughsomepeoplearelookingforbigpayday,otherpeoplearelookingforexcitement.4Theybelievethatunusualexperiencesaremoreimportantthanwealth.5Theythinkthattherearesomanyimportantjobsintheworld.Environmentalprotectionisoneexample.Alifeforthepurposeoffightingforwhat'srightiscertainlyasuccessfullifeaswell.Somepeoplejustwanttobesafe.Asuccessfulpersonhasthepowertoinfluenceothers.Tobefamous,youmightgetsomeunwantedattentionaswell.Butwouldyoudaresaythattheydidn'tlivesuccessfullives?Thesepeopledon'tcollectmoneybutcollectinterestingexperiences.Somepeoplefeelthatworkinghardforameaningfulgoalisasuccessfulexperience.1.B2.D3.A4.E5.F（二）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。FAEBDHaveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthesedriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroads.Companies（公司）likeGoogleandTeslahavebeendesigningandtestingthesecars,andthetechnologyisthere.Sohow?1Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystems（卫星导航系统）areusedsothecarknowshowtogetwhereyouwanttogo.2Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformationthatitreceivesfromthesensorsandcamerasandworksoutwhentospeedup,stopandturn.Soundlikeyourideaofheaven（天堂）?Sittingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmorreadingabookwhile"driving"wouldbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.3Besides,computerswouldalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople---theywouldfollowtherulesandhavequickeractiontimeswhenindangeroussituations.4Computerswouldhavedifficultiesmakingethical（道德的）decisions:ifachildranintotheroad,wouldthecomputerchoosetohitthechildorturnsuddenly?5I'mnotcertainifIwantadriverlesscar---butit'sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey'llbecomemoreaffordableandpopularonourroads.Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!However,therearemanyproblemsaboutdriverlesscars.Thesecarscantaketheplaceofdriversduringcertainsituations.Shouldchildren,ordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Youwouldn'thavetoworryaboutrememberingdirectionstowhereyou'regoing.Thecarshavesensors（感应器）allaroundwhichcanfindothercarsandobjectsintheroad.（三）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。OlderpeopleinWalesarebeingstronglyadvisedtothinkaboutdonating（捐献）theirbrainsaftertheydietohelpscientistsresearchdementia（老年痴呆症）.1Theyneeddonors（扌捐赠者）withdementiaandalsodonorswithhealthybrainsforthepurposeofcomparing.Since2009,460peopleinWaleshaveagreedtodonatetheirbrains,with79successfuldonationsmadetothisprojectsofar.TheyarefoundbytheteamatCardiffUniversity,whichisworkingtoknowclearlywhatcancauseaperson'sdementia.2Buttheyhavetostudyhumanbrainsfirsttodothis,asitistheonlywaytogetthebestdiagnosis（诊断）oftheillness.It'seasytohavedonorswithdementia.3Ittakestime.Mr.Baxterisonesuchdonoranddecidedtodonatehishealthybrainafterseeinghowdementiahadabadinfluenceononeofhisoldfriends.4Hesaid,"Somepeopleareshockedwhentheyhearthenews.""WhenI'mfinishedwithit,itisn'tanyusetome,"headded.5Shesaid,"It'sdifferentfromdonatingyourliver（肝脏）becausethat'sgoingtogotoanotherpersonandwillbeusedagain.Whilethebrainisgoingtobeusedbutinadifferentway,it'snotgoingintosomebody'sheadandusedagainthatwayandIthinkthat'sprobably,maybe,whatcouldputpeopleoff."Theywanttoknowifthedonors'bodiesareunchangeable..However,itcanbehardtogethealthybrainswithoutdementia.ResearchersatCardiffUniversityaredoingastudyaboutdementia.Itisalsohopedtheywillthenbeabletopredictwhichpeoplemaygetit.Hesawitasawaytohelpothersbuthedidnotalwaysgetasupportforhisidea.Baxter'swifeKatehasmixedviewsonbraindonationbutsupportsherhusband'sdecision.1.C2.D3.B4.E5.F（四）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。"Withoutmusic,lifewouldbeamistake,"famousGermanphilosopher（哲学家）FriendrichNietzschesaidoveracenturyago.Musicisabigpartofourlives.1Forexample,Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenover1,000teacherswerefired（解雇）.Amongthem,10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic,accordingtoTheWashingtonTimes.2Inothercountries,suchasChinaandtheUK,musicclassesarenotthoughttobeasimportantasoneslikescience,mathandhistory.3Manystudentsarebusywithschoolwork,soparentsandstudentsonlypayattentiontosubjectsthataretestedmoreoften.However,learningmusicishelpfulinmanyways.4Itisnotassimpleasitlooks.Forexample,whenplayingthepiano,peopleseemusicnotesanddecode（解码）themintheirbrains.Theyalsousetheirfingerstomakesounds.Youneedtodealwithallthesethingsatthesametime.5Youcanseethatmanyscientistsaregoodatplayingmusic:Einsteinplayedtheviolin,andGermanphysicistMaxPlanckwastalentedinplayingthepiano.Infact,thisisnotjustaproblemintheUS.Musichasaspecialconnectionwithscienceaswell.Whenplayingmusic,youneeddifferentabilitiestoworktogether.Studentslovetoplaymusicalinstruments,buttheseinstrumentsoftencostalot.That'spartlybecausemusicisnotseenasaveryimportantlifeskill,anditisn'ttested.Butinrecentyears,someUSschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets预算）.1.F2.A3.E4.C5.B（五）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。TheSilkRoadwentfromChinatoEasternEurope.ItwentalongthenorthofChina,India,andPersiaandendedupinEasternEuropeneartoday'sTurkeyandtheMediterraneanSea.ItwascalledtheSilkRoadbecauseoneofthemajorproductstradedwassilkclothfromChina.Chinesesilkwassoftandofhighquality.SopeoplethroughoutAsiaandEuropeloveditverymuch.1EventheRomanscalledChinathe"landofsilk".Besidessilk,theChinesealsosoldtea,salt,sugar,porcelain（陶瓷），andspices.2Thiswasbecauseitwasalongtripandtradersdidn'thavealotofroomforgoods.Theyboughtgoodslikecotton,ivory,wool,gold,andsilver.Traderstraveledinlargecaravans（商队）.Theywouldhavemanyguardswiththem.3Theyoftenhadtogothroughdryland.Socamels（骆驼）werepopularanimalsfortransport.AlthoughtherewassometradebetweenChinaandtherestoftheworldforsometime,thesilktradedevelopedquicklyduringtheHanDynastywhichruledfrom206BCto220AD.DuringthistimetheMongolscontrolledmostofthetraderoad,andChinesetraderstravelsafely.Also,tradershadahighersocialpositionduringtheMongolrule.Itnotonlyhelpedtodeveloptradebetweendifferentcountries,butalsohelpedforideas,cultureandinventionstospreadacrosstheworld.TheSilkRoadwasimportant.Mostofthegoodswereexpensive.TheChinesesoldsilkforthousandsofyears.TheSilkRoadwasfullofwealthaswellasdanger.Travelinginabiggrouplikeacaravanhelpedinprotectingthemselves.Later,undertheruleoftheYuanDynasty,tradeChinaalongtheSilkRoadwasfullydeveloped.1.C2.B3.E4.F5.A（六）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。FBDCAhadtovisitmysisterinanothertownbecauseherhusbandwasveryill.Mywholefamilycouldnotgowithmeexceptfortheyoungestthatwasjustoneyearold.1ButIknewIhadtogo.Aftersayinggoodbyetomywife,Iboardedthetrain.Twoofthemwerequiteelderly,whileonewasayoungwoman.Afterthetrainbegantomove,mydaughterstartedcrying.Itriedtogivecomforttoher,butitdidn'twork.Itriedtogiveherwater,thensomebiscuits,buthercryingdidnotstop.3Oneoftheelderlymenwassleeping.Buttheotherbecamewildlyangry.WhateverIdid,thecryingcontinued.4Shestoodwithmydaughternearthewindowandstartedtalkingtoherinagentlevoice.Mydaughterstoppedcryingslowly,listeningtohertalk.Thestrangerhandedmydaughterbackaftersheslept.Ithankedthewomanandcametorest.Duringthelongtrainjourneytheyoungwomanhelpedmealot.Shefedmybaby,sangtoherandtoldherseveralstories.5BeforeIgotoffthetrain,Iexpressedmythankstothatwoman.Therewerethreeotherpassengersinthatcompartment（隔间）.Justthentheyoungwomanofferedtotakemybabyintoherarms.BythistimeIwasgettingworriedaboutcausingtroubletotheothers.Theyhadawarmchatuntiltheonepassengersaidthattheywerenoisy.Iwasnervousoftakingatrainjourneyalonewithmyyoungestdaughter.（七）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。TherewasatimewhenWhitneydidn'thavemanyfriends.Shewasabitshy.Sheneverreallywantedtobepopular.1Allthroughhighschool,shejustslippedinandoutof"light"friendshipswhereshedidn'tfindmuchcomfort（安慰）.Whenitwastimetogotocollege,Whitneywasquitenervous.Shewasgoingtoberoomingwithsomeoneshedidn'tknowandlivinginatown300milesawayfromhome.2Shehadnoideahowshewasgoingtomakefriendsinthisnewenvironment.SomethingthathappenedinthefirstclassatcollegechangedWhitney'slife.3Andtheyallneedtoansweraquestion,"Whatisyourgoalforthisclass?"Mostofthestudentssaiditwastogetagoodgradeorsomethingsimilar,butWhitneysaidsomethingverydifferent.4Whilemostofthestudentssatinsilence,onestudentcametoWhitney,heldouthishandandintroducedhimself.5Thewholeroomwassilent---allthestudentslookedatWhitneyandthehandwasjustinfrontofher.Shesmiledandheldherhandouttotakehisandafriendshipwasformed.Itwasafriendshipthatlastedallthroughcollegeandmanyyearsafterthat.Heaskedifshewouldbehisfriend.Shetriedtoputupabravefaceandsmiled.Therewouldn'tbeasinglepersonsheknewthere.Shesaidthathergoalwastomakejustonegoodfriend.Allthestudentswereaskedtosharealittleaboutthemselves.Butshedidwanttohavesomeonetosharesecretsandlaughswith.1.F2.C3.E4.D5.A（八）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。Whatislife'sgreatestgift?Itischoice.Choiceistheabilitytochoosesomeactionsfromasetofthingstoachieveagoal.1Choicebecomesthetoolweusetosculpt（雕刻）ourlife.Thetooldoesn'tcomefree,however,forthepriceofchoiceisresponsibility.2Itisenjoyment.Choiceispower.Choiceisattheheartoflife.It'sthecreativepoweroflife.Lifeisalwayschangingandwehavetomakelotsofchoices.3Weoftenneedtocheckwhereweareonourjourney.Weneedtoaskquestions:AmImovingclosertomygoals?Ifnot,whatactionwillItakenowtomakemyselfrealizemygoals?4Andourlifebecomesmoreconvenientorcomfortablebecauseofthem.Forexample,youdecidewhichstorestoshopatandwhichbusstationtogoto.Butthedecisionsthatwemaketosculptourlivesaremuchmoreimportantthandecidingwheretoshop.Themoreweunderstandthedifferencebetweensmallandbigdecisions,themorepleasurewewillget.Lifeislikeachessgame.5Allchessloversrealizethatitisn'tnecessarytowinthegame.Thepleasureisintheplaying.Itturnsusfromdumbanimalsintoartists.Infact,wehavetomakechoiceseveryday.Butwhenweacceptandcarryitout,wegetagreatreturn.Everychoicewemakeleadsusclosertoorfartherfromourgoals.Becausemakingrightchoicesismoreimportantthanworkinghard.1.B2.D3.E4.C5.A（九）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。Whenstudentsthinkoflearningaforeignlanguage,thefirstthoughtisbooks,exercises,andrecorders.Thoseareimportanttolanguagelearningbutsometimesalittlebitboring.1Thingslikeacellphonecandevelopyourinterest.2YouknowhowitworksandyoucanuseittopracticeEnglishwheneveryouhavetime.Youdon'tneedtohaveyourbooksbyyoursideorstayinyourroomtolistentotapes.Let'stakealookathowtoaddyourcellphonetoyourstudytools.Gotothemenu,findsettings,locatelanguageandchangeittoEnglish,whichwillgreatlyimproveyourlanguagelearning.Lookatthebuttons（按钮）andconnectthoseitems（项目）withthenewvocabulary.Thiscanhelpyoulearnsimplewordsandphraseswithlittleeffort.Forexample,eachtimeyouopenyourcellphone,you'llsee"messages","games"and"callsmade".4Whenyouhavetime,takeoutyourcellphoneandstarthittingbuttons.You'llbesurprisedatallthevocabularyyoucanlearnbyplayingwiththedifferentmenuitems.Youcanknowsomewordsquickly.5Itcankeepyourlearningfreshandinteresting.Andthat'simportantbecauseboredomisabigproblemwithlanguagelearners.Youneedchangesandacellphoneisawaytogetthem.Everyonehasacellphone.Theseareperfectstudymaterials.Andothersyoucanguessjustbywhereyoufindthem.Soitistimeforustomakethingsabitmoreinteresting.Setupyourcellphonetousethelanguageyouwanttostudy.Youcanmasterthemgraduallyifyouseethemagainandagain.1.D2.A3.E4.B5.F（十）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。FADCBBarbaraWatsonis73yearsoldandlivesalone.Watsonhadanoperation（手术）afewmonthsago.1Itwasnearlyimpossibleforhertobuyfoodorcookmeals.ThenafriendtoldheraboutMealsonWheels.NowWatsonhasahotlunchdelivered（派送）toherhouseeveryday.2Everyday,theyprovidemealsforpeopleovertheageof60whocannotcookthemselves.GordonChenhasbeendeliveringmealstotheelderlyformorethanfouryears."Ilovetalkingwiththesepeople,"saysGordon."3""I'malwayshappytoseeGordonandtheothervolunteers,"saysBarbara."Theyhelpmemorethananymedicine!"MealsonWheelsstartedinEnglandinthe1940sandthenmovedtoothercountries.4Theypayasmallamountforeachmeal,ormealsarefreeforthosewithlowincomes（收入）.Everyday,nearlyhalfamillionpeopledelivermorethanamillionmealstotheelderlyintheUnitedStates.Andthesevolunteersdomorethanbringmeals."WhileIwasdroppingthefoodoff,Ialsocheckedthesafetyandhealthofthesepeople,"saysaformervolunteer.5Andmostimportantly,witheverymeal,theydeliverasmile.MealsonWheelsisanorganizationofvolunteers.Whenvolunteersnoticeproblems,theycallforhelp.Theprogramhelpstheelderlytoeathealthierfood.Sometimestheydon'thaveanyothervisitorsallday.MealsonWheelshasbeenservingourneighborsfor60years.Whenshecamehomefromthehospital,shecouldn'twalkordriveacar.（十一）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。ACFEDStoresplaymusictochangethewaycustomersfeel.Clothingstoresforteenagersplaypopularmusic.Itisexcitingandmakesthecustomersfeelhappy.1Itcanchangethewayapersonshops.2Customersshopquicklywhenstoremusicisveryloud.Theyhurrythroughthestore,buttheybuyjustasmuch.Whenmusicisquiet,customersshopslowly.Customerstaketimetolookattheproductsandtalkwiththesalespeople.Slowmusicmakespeopleslowdown.Inrestaurantswithslowmusic,customersspendmoretimeeating.Slowmusicalsoslowsdowncustomersinsupermarkets.3Withslowmusicinsupermarkets,salesgoupby38percent.Familiar（熟悉的）musicgivesshoppersagoodideaoftime.4Whencustomershearmusicthatisnotfamiliar,theydon'tnoticethetime.Whentheydon'tnoticethetime,theyspentmoretimeshoppingandbuyingmore.Peoplerememberpastexperiencesandfeelingswhentheyhearfamiliarmusic.5Whencustomershearnewmusic,theyforgetabouttheworldoutsideofthestore.Somestoresusenewmusicsotheircustomersrelaxwhiletheyshop.Storeschoosemusicthatfitstheirproducts.Abookstoreplaysquietclassicalmusicandjazz（爵士乐）.Itgivesthestoreaseriousandintelligentfeeling.Butmusicdoesmorethanthat.Itchangesthewaypeoplethinkabouttheproducts.Thevolume（音量）ofmusicchangeshowpeopleshop.Manystoresplayold,happymusicsocustomersfeelgood.Peopleknowthebeginning,middle,andendofafamiliarsong.Customersnoticemoreproductsastheywalkthroughthestore.（十二）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。AEBDCOnceyoubegintoeatpotatochips,youmaykeepeatinguntilthebagisempty.Haveyoueverexperiencedthis?1Scientistssaiditisbecauseofakindofneuron（神经元）.ScientistsinBostonhavefoundthatsomeneuronscanmakeuswanttoeatsalt.Everyday,ourbodiesneedtotakeinsomesodium（钠），amainpartofsalt.2Theywillthensendsignals（信号）toourbrainstoencourageustoeatmoresalt.Scientistsdidexperimentsonmice.Theyfoundthatwhenmiceareshortofsodium,theirbodiesrelease（释放）akindofhormone（荷尔蒙）.3Moreresearchshowedthataddingsalttomealsmakespeopleenjoytheirfoodmore.ThismaycausepeopletocontinueeatingeveniftheyarefullScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliaaskedhealthypeopletoeatthesamefoodforlunchforfourweeks.4Atthesametime,thescientistsrecordhowmuchthesepeopleate.Theyalsoaskedthepeoplehowtheyfeltaboutthemeals,forexample,iftheyfelthappyorwerestillhungryaftereating.Theresultsshowedthatsaltmadepeopleeat11percentmorefood.Wheneatinglow-saltmeals,youmaycontroloverhowmuchyoueat.5Somaybeyouwillwanttothinktwicethenexttimeyouopenanewbagofchips.Whycan'tyoustopeatingthesesaltychips?Thishormonethenmakestheseneuronsbecomeactive.Butthosecontrolsaregonewhenyouaddsalttothatfood.Theamount（量）ofsaltinthefoodwaschangedeachweek.Theneuronscanknowwhetherourbodiesneedmoresodium.Theywanttofindouthowmuchsodiumpeopleneedeveryday.（十三）根据短文内容，从A-F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文（有一多余选项）。TheChinese-KoreanShareYourDreamShortFilmFestivalclosedonDecember8,2017inBeijing.ItwasorganizedbyChineseandKoreanentertainmentcompany（娱乐公司）.1Anditalsocollectedlotsofworksfrombothcountries.Redemption,ashortthriller（惊险电影）aboutthe1990s'BosnianWar,wonthefirstprize.2Thedirectorandsixotheraward-winningdirectorsatthisfestivalwillhaveachancetoattendatrainingcampinKorea."Inrecentyears,therearemorechance