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中考专题训练---补全短文(一)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutsuccess.Somepeoplethinksuccessmeanslivingalifethatencouragesotherpeopletodowellintheirownlives.Everybookstorehasbiographies(传记)offamouspeople.Peoplebuythesebooksandfollowthesepeopletoimprovethemselves.1Soyou'resuccessfulifotherpeoplewanttofollowyou.ManygreatartistslikeMozartandBeethovenlivedapoorlife.2They'vebeendeadforcenturiesbuttheystillremainfamoustoday.Themeaningofanartist'ssuccessisthathecanmakealegacy(遗产)thatlastslongerthanhisownlife.Togetmorewealth,certainriskshavetobetaken.Somepeopledon'twanttopaythepriceoffame,powerorfortune.3Theythinkthatapeacefullifeisalsoasuccess.Thoughsomepeoplearelookingforbigpayday,otherpeoplearelookingforexcitement.4Theybelievethatunusualexperiencesaremoreimportantthanwealth.5Theythinkthattherearesomanyimportantjobsintheworld.Environmentalprotectionisoneexample.Alifeforthepurposeoffightingforwhat'srightiscertainlyasuccessfullifeaswell.Somepeoplejustwanttobesafe.Asuccessfulpersonhasthepowertoinfluenceothers.Tobefamous,youmightgetsomeunwantedattentionaswell.Butwouldyoudaresaythattheydidn'tlivesuccessfullives?Thesepeopledon'tcollectmoneybutcollectinterestingexperiences.Somepeoplefeelthatworkinghardforameaningfulgoalisasuccessfulexperience.1.B2.D3.A4.E5.F(二)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。FAEBDHaveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthesedriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroads.Companies(公司)likeGoogleandTeslahavebeendesigningandtestingthesecars,andthetechnologyisthere.Sohow?1Roadsignsarereadbycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystems(卫星导航系统)areusedsothecarknowshowtogetwhereyouwanttogo.2Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformationthatitreceivesfromthesensorsandcamerasandworksoutwhentospeedup,stopandturn.Soundlikeyourideaofheaven(天堂)?Sittingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmorreadingabookwhile"driving"wouldbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.3Besides,computerswouldalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople---theywouldfollowtherulesandhavequickeractiontimeswhenindangeroussituations.4Computerswouldhavedifficultiesmakingethical(道德的)decisions:ifachildranintotheroad,wouldthecomputerchoosetohitthechildorturnsuddenly?5I'mnotcertainifIwantadriverlesscar---butit'sonlyamatteroftimebeforethey'llbecomemoreaffordableandpopularonourroads.Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!However,therearemanyproblemsaboutdriverlesscars.Thesecarscantaketheplaceofdriversduringcertainsituations.Shouldchildren,ordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Youwouldn'thavetoworryaboutrememberingdirectionstowhereyou'regoing.Thecarshavesensors(感应器)allaroundwhichcanfindothercarsandobjectsintheroad.(三)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。OlderpeopleinWalesarebeingstronglyadvisedtothinkaboutdonating(捐献)theirbrainsaftertheydietohelpscientistsresearchdementia(老年痴呆症).1Theyneeddonors(扌捐赠者)withdementiaandalsodonorswithhealthybrainsforthepurposeofcomparing.Since2009,460peopleinWaleshaveagreedtodonatetheirbrains,with79successfuldonationsmadetothisprojectsofar.TheyarefoundbytheteamatCardiffUniversity,whichisworkingtoknowclearlywhatcancauseaperson'sdementia.2Buttheyhavetostudyhumanbrainsfirsttodothis,asitistheonlywaytogetthebestdiagnosis(诊断)oftheillness.It'seasytohavedonorswithdementia.3Ittakestime.Mr.Baxterisonesuchdonoranddecidedtodonatehishealthybrainafterseeinghowdementiahadabadinfluenceononeofhisoldfriends.4Hesaid,"Somepeopleareshockedwhentheyhearthenews.""WhenI'mfinishedwithit,itisn'tanyusetome,"headded.5Shesaid,"It'sdifferentfromdonatingyourliver(肝脏)becausethat'sgoingtogotoanotherpersonandwillbeusedagain.Whilethebrainisgoingtobeusedbutinadifferentway,it'snotgoingintosomebody'sheadandusedagainthatwayandIthinkthat'sprobably,maybe,whatcouldputpeopleoff."Theywanttoknowifthedonors'bodiesareunchangeable..However,itcanbehardtogethealthybrainswithoutdementia.ResearchersatCardiffUniversityaredoingastudyaboutdementia.Itisalsohopedtheywillthenbeabletopredictwhichpeoplemaygetit.Hesawitasawaytohelpothersbuthedidnotalwaysgetasupportforhisidea.Baxter'swifeKatehasmixedviewsonbraindonationbutsupportsherhusband'sdecision.1.C2.D3.B4.E5.F(四)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。"Withoutmusic,lifewouldbeamistake,"famousGermanphilosopher(哲学家)FriendrichNietzschesaidoveracenturyago.Musicisabigpartofourlives.1Forexample,Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenover1,000teacherswerefired(解雇).Amongthem,10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic,accordingtoTheWashingtonTimes.2Inothercountries,suchasChinaandtheUK,musicclassesarenotthoughttobeasimportantasoneslikescience,mathandhistory.3Manystudentsarebusywithschoolwork,soparentsandstudentsonlypayattentiontosubjectsthataretestedmoreoften.However,learningmusicishelpfulinmanyways.4Itisnotassimpleasitlooks.Forexample,whenplayingthepiano,peopleseemusicnotesanddecode(解码)themintheirbrains.Theyalsousetheirfingerstomakesounds.Youneedtodealwithallthesethingsatthesametime.5Youcanseethatmanyscientistsaregoodatplayingmusic:Einsteinplayedtheviolin,andGermanphysicistMaxPlanckwastalentedinplayingthepiano.Infact,thisisnotjustaproblemintheUS.Musichasaspecialconnectionwithscienceaswell.Whenplayingmusic,youneeddifferentabilitiestoworktogether.Studentslovetoplaymusicalinstruments,buttheseinstrumentsoftencostalot.That'spartlybecausemusicisnotseenasaveryimportantlifeskill,anditisn'ttested.Butinrecentyears,someUSschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets预算).1.F2.A3.E4.C5.B(五)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。TheSilkRoadwentfromChinatoEasternEurope.ItwentalongthenorthofChina,India,andPersiaandendedupinEasternEuropeneartoday'sTurkeyandtheMediterraneanSea.ItwascalledtheSilkRoadbecauseoneofthemajorproductstradedwassilkclothfromChina.Chinesesilkwassoftandofhighquality.SopeoplethroughoutAsiaandEuropeloveditverymuch.1EventheRomanscalledChinathe"landofsilk".Besidessilk,theChinesealsosoldtea,salt,sugar,porcelain(陶瓷),andspices.2Thiswasbecauseitwasalongtripandtradersdidn'thavealotofroomforgoods.Theyboughtgoodslikecotton,ivory,wool,gold,andsilver.Traderstraveledinlargecaravans(商队).Theywouldhavemanyguardswiththem.3Theyoftenhadtogothroughdryland.Socamels(骆驼)werepopularanimalsfortransport.AlthoughtherewassometradebetweenChinaandtherestoftheworldforsometime,thesilktradedevelopedquicklyduringtheHanDynastywhichruledfrom206BCto220AD.DuringthistimetheMongolscontrolledmostofthetraderoad,andChinesetraderstravelsafely.Also,tradershadahighersocialpositionduringtheMongolrule.Itnotonlyhelpedtodeveloptradebetweendifferentcountries,butalsohelpedforideas,cultureandinventionstospreadacrosstheworld.TheSilkRoadwasimportant.Mostofthegoodswereexpensive.TheChinesesoldsilkforthousandsofyears.TheSilkRoadwasfullofwealthaswellasdanger.Travelinginabiggrouplikeacaravanhelpedinprotectingthemselves.Later,undertheruleoftheYuanDynasty,tradeChinaalongtheSilkRoadwasfullydeveloped.1.C2.B3.E4.F5.A(六)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。FBDCAhadtovisitmysisterinanothertownbecauseherhusbandwasveryill.Mywholefamilycouldnotgowithmeexceptfortheyoungestthatwasjustoneyearold.1ButIknewIhadtogo.Aftersayinggoodbyetomywife,Iboardedthetrain.Twoofthemwerequiteelderly,whileonewasayoungwoman.Afterthetrainbegantomove,mydaughterstartedcrying.Itriedtogivecomforttoher,butitdidn'twork.Itriedtogiveherwater,thensomebiscuits,buthercryingdidnotstop.3Oneoftheelderlymenwassleeping.Buttheotherbecamewildlyangry.WhateverIdid,thecryingcontinued.4Shestoodwithmydaughternearthewindowandstartedtalkingtoherinagentlevoice.Mydaughterstoppedcryingslowly,listeningtohertalk.Thestrangerhandedmydaughterbackaftersheslept.Ithankedthewomanandcametorest.Duringthelongtrainjourneytheyoungwomanhelpedmealot.Shefedmybaby,sangtoherandtoldherseveralstories.5BeforeIgotoffthetrain,Iexpressedmythankstothatwoman.Therewerethreeotherpassengersinthatcompartment(隔间).Justthentheyoungwomanofferedtotakemybabyintoherarms.BythistimeIwasgettingworriedaboutcausingtroubletotheothers.Theyhadawarmchatuntiltheonepassengersaidthattheywerenoisy.Iwasnervousoftakingatrainjourneyalonewithmyyoungestdaughter.(七)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。TherewasatimewhenWhitneydidn'thavemanyfriends.Shewasabitshy.Sheneverreallywantedtobepopular.1Allthroughhighschool,shejustslippedinandoutof"light"friendshipswhereshedidn'tfindmuchcomfort(安慰).Whenitwastimetogotocollege,Whitneywasquitenervous.Shewasgoingtoberoomingwithsomeoneshedidn'tknowandlivinginatown300milesawayfromhome.2Shehadnoideahowshewasgoingtomakefriendsinthisnewenvironment.SomethingthathappenedinthefirstclassatcollegechangedWhitney'slife.3Andtheyallneedtoansweraquestion,"Whatisyourgoalforthisclass?"Mostofthestudentssaiditwastogetagoodgradeorsomethingsimilar,butWhitneysaidsomethingverydifferent.4Whilemostofthestudentssatinsilence,onestudentcametoWhitney,heldouthishandandintroducedhimself.5Thewholeroomwassilent---allthestudentslookedatWhitneyandthehandwasjustinfrontofher.Shesmiledandheldherhandouttotakehisandafriendshipwasformed.Itwasafriendshipthatlastedallthroughcollegeandmanyyearsafterthat.Heaskedifshewouldbehisfriend.Shetriedtoputupabravefaceandsmiled.Therewouldn'tbeasinglepersonsheknewthere.Shesaidthathergoalwastomakejustonegoodfriend.Allthestudentswereaskedtosharealittleaboutthemselves.Butshedidwanttohavesomeonetosharesecretsandlaughswith.1.F2.C3.E4.D5.A(八)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。Whatislife'sgreatestgift?Itischoice.Choiceistheabilitytochoosesomeactionsfromasetofthingstoachieveagoal.1Choicebecomesthetoolweusetosculpt(雕刻)ourlife.Thetooldoesn'tcomefree,however,forthepriceofchoiceisresponsibility.2Itisenjoyment.Choiceispower.Choiceisattheheartoflife.It'sthecreativepoweroflife.Lifeisalwayschangingandwehavetomakelotsofchoices.3Weoftenneedtocheckwhereweareonourjourney.Weneedtoaskquestions:AmImovingclosertomygoals?Ifnot,whatactionwillItakenowtomakemyselfrealizemygoals?4Andourlifebecomesmoreconvenientorcomfortablebecauseofthem.Forexample,youdecidewhichstorestoshopatandwhichbusstationtogoto.Butthedecisionsthatwemaketosculptourlivesaremuchmoreimportantthandecidingwheretoshop.Themoreweunderstandthedifferencebetweensmallandbigdecisions,themorepleasurewewillget.Lifeislikeachessgame.5Allchessloversrealizethatitisn'tnecessarytowinthegame.Thepleasureisintheplaying.Itturnsusfromdumbanimalsintoartists.Infact,wehavetomakechoiceseveryday.Butwhenweacceptandcarryitout,wegetagreatreturn.Everychoicewemakeleadsusclosertoorfartherfromourgoals.Becausemakingrightchoicesismoreimportantthanworkinghard.1.B2.D3.E4.C5.A(九)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。Whenstudentsthinkoflearningaforeignlanguage,thefirstthoughtisbooks,exercises,andrecorders.Thoseareimportanttolanguagelearningbutsometimesalittlebitboring.1Thingslikeacellphonecandevelopyourinterest.2YouknowhowitworksandyoucanuseittopracticeEnglishwheneveryouhavetime.Youdon'tneedtohaveyourbooksbyyoursideorstayinyourroomtolistentotapes.Let'stakealookathowtoaddyourcellphonetoyourstudytools.Gotothemenu,findsettings,locatelanguageandchangeittoEnglish,whichwillgreatlyimproveyourlanguagelearning.Lookatthebuttons(按钮)andconnectthoseitems(项目)withthenewvocabulary.Thiscanhelpyoulearnsimplewordsandphraseswithlittleeffort.Forexample,eachtimeyouopenyourcellphone,you'llsee"messages","games"and"callsmade".4Whenyouhavetime,takeoutyourcellphoneandstarthittingbuttons.You'llbesurprisedatallthevocabularyyoucanlearnbyplayingwiththedifferentmenuitems.Youcanknowsomewordsquickly.5Itcankeepyourlearningfreshandinteresting.Andthat'simportantbecauseboredomisabigproblemwithlanguagelearners.Youneedchangesandacellphoneisawaytogetthem.Everyonehasacellphone.Theseareperfectstudymaterials.Andothersyoucanguessjustbywhereyoufindthem.Soitistimeforustomakethingsabitmoreinteresting.Setupyourcellphonetousethelanguageyouwanttostudy.Youcanmasterthemgraduallyifyouseethemagainandagain.1.D2.A3.E4.B5.F(十)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。FADCBBarbaraWatsonis73yearsoldandlivesalone.Watsonhadanoperation(手术)afewmonthsago.1Itwasnearlyimpossibleforhertobuyfoodorcookmeals.ThenafriendtoldheraboutMealsonWheels.NowWatsonhasahotlunchdelivered(派送)toherhouseeveryday.2Everyday,theyprovidemealsforpeopleovertheageof60whocannotcookthemselves.GordonChenhasbeendeliveringmealstotheelderlyformorethanfouryears."Ilovetalkingwiththesepeople,"saysGordon."3""I'malwayshappytoseeGordonandtheothervolunteers,"saysBarbara."Theyhelpmemorethananymedicine!"MealsonWheelsstartedinEnglandinthe1940sandthenmovedtoothercountries.4Theypayasmallamountforeachmeal,ormealsarefreeforthosewithlowincomes(收入).Everyday,nearlyhalfamillionpeopledelivermorethanamillionmealstotheelderlyintheUnitedStates.Andthesevolunteersdomorethanbringmeals."WhileIwasdroppingthefoodoff,Ialsocheckedthesafetyandhealthofthesepeople,"saysaformervolunteer.5Andmostimportantly,witheverymeal,theydeliverasmile.MealsonWheelsisanorganizationofvolunteers.Whenvolunteersnoticeproblems,theycallforhelp.Theprogramhelpstheelderlytoeathealthierfood.Sometimestheydon'thaveanyothervisitorsallday.MealsonWheelshasbeenservingourneighborsfor60years.Whenshecamehomefromthehospital,shecouldn'twalkordriveacar.(十一)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。ACFEDStoresplaymusictochangethewaycustomersfeel.Clothingstoresforteenagersplaypopularmusic.Itisexcitingandmakesthecustomersfeelhappy.1Itcanchangethewayapersonshops.2Customersshopquicklywhenstoremusicisveryloud.Theyhurrythroughthestore,buttheybuyjustasmuch.Whenmusicisquiet,customersshopslowly.Customerstaketimetolookattheproductsandtalkwiththesalespeople.Slowmusicmakespeopleslowdown.Inrestaurantswithslowmusic,customersspendmoretimeeating.Slowmusicalsoslowsdowncustomersinsupermarkets.3Withslowmusicinsupermarkets,salesgoupby38percent.Familiar(熟悉的)musicgivesshoppersagoodideaoftime.4Whencustomershearmusicthatisnotfamiliar,theydon'tnoticethetime.Whentheydon'tnoticethetime,theyspentmoretimeshoppingandbuyingmore.Peoplerememberpastexperiencesandfeelingswhentheyhearfamiliarmusic.5Whencustomershearnewmusic,theyforgetabouttheworldoutsideofthestore.Somestoresusenewmusicsotheircustomersrelaxwhiletheyshop.Storeschoosemusicthatfitstheirproducts.Abookstoreplaysquietclassicalmusicandjazz(爵士乐).Itgivesthestoreaseriousandintelligentfeeling.Butmusicdoesmorethanthat.Itchangesthewaypeoplethinkabouttheproducts.Thevolume(音量)ofmusicchangeshowpeopleshop.Manystoresplayold,happymusicsocustomersfeelgood.Peopleknowthebeginning,middle,andendofafamiliarsong.Customersnoticemoreproductsastheywalkthroughthestore.(十二)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。AEBDCOnceyoubegintoeatpotatochips,youmaykeepeatinguntilthebagisempty.Haveyoueverexperiencedthis?1Scientistssaiditisbecauseofakindofneuron(神经元).ScientistsinBostonhavefoundthatsomeneuronscanmakeuswanttoeatsalt.Everyday,ourbodiesneedtotakeinsomesodium(钠),amainpartofsalt.2Theywillthensendsignals(信号)toourbrainstoencourageustoeatmoresalt.Scientistsdidexperimentsonmice.Theyfoundthatwhenmiceareshortofsodium,theirbodiesrelease(释放)akindofhormone(荷尔蒙).3Moreresearchshowedthataddingsalttomealsmakespeopleenjoytheirfoodmore.ThismaycausepeopletocontinueeatingeveniftheyarefullScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliaaskedhealthypeopletoeatthesamefoodforlunchforfourweeks.4Atthesametime,thescientistsrecordhowmuchthesepeopleate.Theyalsoaskedthepeoplehowtheyfeltaboutthemeals,forexample,iftheyfelthappyorwerestillhungryaftereating.Theresultsshowedthatsaltmadepeopleeat11percentmorefood.Wheneatinglow-saltmeals,youmaycontroloverhowmuchyoueat.5Somaybeyouwillwanttothinktwicethenexttimeyouopenanewbagofchips.Whycan'tyoustopeatingthesesaltychips?Thishormonethenmakestheseneuronsbecomeactive.Butthosecontrolsaregonewhenyouaddsalttothatfood.Theamount(量)ofsaltinthefoodwaschangedeachweek.Theneuronscanknowwhetherourbodiesneedmoresodium.Theywanttofindouthowmuchsodiumpeopleneedeveryday.(十三)根据短文内容,从A-F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文(有一多余选项)。TheChinese-KoreanShareYourDreamShortFilmFestivalclosedonDecember8,2017inBeijing.ItwasorganizedbyChineseandKoreanentertainmentcompany(娱乐公司).1Anditalsocollectedlotsofworksfrombothcountries.Redemption,ashortthriller(惊险电影)aboutthe1990s'BosnianWar,wonthefirstprize.2Thedirectorandsixotheraward-winningdirectorsatthisfestivalwillhaveachancetoattendatrainingcampinKorea."Inrecentyears,therearemorechance
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