2021小升初英语总复习第六讲被动语态知识点讲解+练习

第六讲:被动语态ー、【考点解读】动词的被动语态是中学英语语法的ー个重要内容,因此在小升初英语考试中作为衔接内容而出现,对于准初中生而言是难点和易错点。因此希望小升初的学生能认真结合解读,仔细把握被动语态的学习要领,结合小升初的最新模拟真题,做到融会贯通,举一反三。二、【知识讲解】知识点1——被动语态英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。ー、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如:Themanwasfooledbythetwoboys.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.二、被动语态的用法(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如:Streetlightsareoftenturnedonatsixinwinter.Thenewtestbookwillbeusednextterm.(2)当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如:Thiskindofbicycleisnotsoldinourshop.Thethiefwascaughtbyapolicemanyesterday.(3)含有双宾语的句子,主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语,另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。例如:Thepianistgavethepupils(间接宾语)someadvice(直接宾语)—>Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebythepianist.—Someadvicewasgiventothepupilsbythepianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语,动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如:Thebossmadethemworktenhoursaday. —>Theyweremadetoworktenhoursaday.Aboysawhimenterthehouse. —>Hewasseentoenterthehouse.三、被动语态中谓语动词的原形是be+donebe随着时态的变化而发生变化。以下是主动语态和被动语态中谓语动词的形式:名称主动语态谓语动词形式被动语态谓语动词形式一般现在时态v/vsAm/is/are+done一般过去时态VedWas/were+done一般将来时态Will+vWillbe+done现在进行时态Am/is/are+vingAm/is/are+being+done现在完成时态Have/has+过去分词Have/hasbeen+done2)情态动词情态动词主动语态被动语态can(not)may(not)+dosth+bedonemust(not)常见的句型结构:Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought )that 大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)……Itis(was)wellknownthat 众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat 被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat 务必记住 Itmustn'tbeforgottenthat 千万另リ忘记 Itis(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况:-.带有感官动词和使役动词的句子如何变被动语态动词主动形式被动形式letletsbdosth（sb）belettodosthmakemakesbdosth（sb）bemadetodosthseeseesbdosth（sb）beseentodosthwatchwatchsbdosth（sb）bewatchedtodosthhearhearsbdosth（sb）beheardtodosth二.有些动词没有被动语态。（及物动词オ有被动语态）1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear,die,disappear,end（vi.结束），fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,standbreakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.2）系动词无被动语态:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn3）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto4）系动词无被动语态:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn5）当宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。Iwanttogonow.三,主动表示被动的几种情况1）有些不及物动词形式上为主动,但是表示被动含义。这本书销路很好。Thisbooksellswell.这本小说读起来很有趣。Thisnovelreadswell.肉很容易切。Meatcutseasily.此类词还有lock,shut,open,move,write,sell,wash,clean,catch,draw2）有些进行时,形式上主动,但含被动之意。Thebookisprinting.=Thebookisbeingprinted.Thehouseisbuilding.=Thehouseisbeingbuilt.3)介词短语作表语,主动表示被动。Thequestionisnowunderdiscussion.Thefirewasfinallyundercontrol.Alltheseoldbuildingsareunderrepairs.三、【典例探究】【例题】:()1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C.areholdingD.willhold()2.Intheartshow,alotoflaughtertoforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgiving Bwasgiven Cwillgive Dhasgive()3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Itinmanyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaughtD.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,as“People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards()5.UsuallycomputerstosearchtheInternet.A.use B.areusingC.areusedD.used()6.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?-Yes.ourclassroomeveryday.A.itcleans B.wearecleans C.weclean一般现在时“答案］A〇［解析］考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行ー次’’可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。2［答案］B。［解析］本题考查被动语态,句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。’’3［答案］D。［解析］考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。4［答案］A。［解析］选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。

5［答案1C。［解析］从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。6［答案］C。［解析］考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。()7.—DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmellsterrible?—Yes.Infact,it.That'sallbecauseofthefactoriesaround.A.pollutedBwaspollutedChaspollutedD.waspollute()8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.—You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay,peoplehavedonemoreandmoretoprotect(保护)theearth.A.isstarted B.wasstarted C.hasstarted()9.Weintofivegroupstogototheoldpeople'shome.Wedidmanythingstocheerthemup.A.divided B.aredivided C.weredivided一般过去时7［答案］B。考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。8［答案］B。［解析］从句意:“……自从’地球日’开始以来,人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境」’可知,“地球日”的开始,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为wasstarted故选B09［答案］C。［解析］本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"Wedidmanythings 可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。四、【课堂运用】【基础】【练习1］I.Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)Over$30,000forachildren'hospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.A)israised B)wasraised C)willberaisedD)hasbeenraisedI'msurethatstricterrulestocontrolcigarettesmokingverysoon.A)madeB)willmakeC)weremadeD)willbemade

A)madeB)willmakeC)weremadeD)willbemadeManyhousesinthebigfireafewdaysago.Whatashame!A)weredamaged B)damage C)weredamaging D)damagedThatbuildingispartofShanghai'shistory.Itmanyyearsago.A)built B)builds C)isbuilt D)wasbuiltManyoldhousesaroundourschoolnextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A)pulldown B)willbepulleddownC)willpulldownD)arepulleddownWhenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor.A)waslocked B)islocked C)willbelockedD)shouldbelockedHalfoftheBeijing'sprivatecarsofftheroadsduetoheavysmogonFriday.A)order B)areordered C)ordered D)wereorderedThegirlshowtodanceamonthagoandnowtheycandancewell..A)weretaught B)willbetaught C)aretaught D)havebeentaughtTomandhissistertothebarbecuelastSaturday.Theywereveryhappy.A)haveinvitedB)wereinvitedC)wereinvitingD)invited—Doyoubelievetherearealiens?—I'mafraidnot.Idon'tthinkaliensinspace.A)canfind B)canbefoundC)canbefoundedD)can'tbefoundFewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilittwiceorthreetimes.A)explainsB)isexplained C)willbeexplainedD)hasexplained一PeoplesaythesubwaybuildinginHarbininafewyears.—Sounds.Ihaveneverseenitbefore.A)willfinish;interesting B)isfinished;interestedC)willbefinished;interesting D)wouldbefinished;interesting—Iwanttoknowwhenhaveafieldtrip.一We'llhaveitwhenallthework.A)youare;willfinishB)youwill;finishes

A)youare;willfinishB)youwill;finishesC)youwill;isfinishedD)youwill;isfinishC)youwill;isfinishedD)youwill;isfinishOh,thisisreallyabigshop.Doyouknowwhenit?A)built B)wasbuilt C)hasbuilt D)hasbeenbuilt—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.一I'msorry,butIwhentomeet.A)don'ttell B)didn'ttell C)haven'ttold D)wasn'ttoldThethiefonthescenewhenhewastryingtogetawaywiththenecklace.A)willbecaughtB)iscaught C)wascaught D)hasbeencaughtBlackteainChinaduringtheMingDynastyasawaytokeepteafresh.A)invented B)wasinventedC)isinvented D)isinventing【答案】B;2.D;3.A;4.D5.B;6.B;7.D;8.A;9.B;10.B;11.B;12.C;13.C;14.B;15.D;16.C;17.B【练习2]I.Fillintheblankwiththegivenverbinthepassivevoice.YangpuBridge(build)in1993.Moremoney(spend)oneducationnextyear.Alotofwater(waste)everyyear.It'saseriousproblem.Thenewspapersaidmoregoodteachers(send)toYunnansometimenextyear.Whenwegottothetop,thesunhadrisen.Therewe(tell)tobeearlierthenexttime.“Remember,nobody(allow)tocatordrinkinthecomputerroom,"theassistantsaidtothenewstudents.Largeamountsofinformation(store)inthecomputer.Bythetimehegotthere,thecar(paint).Thewoundedsoldiers(operate)onnow.Hundredsofthebooks(borrow)fromthelibraryinthepastthreedays.11.1(tell)thatJimwouldcomebackfromNewYorkintwodays.Themanagersaidtheprojectbytheendoftheyear,(complete)Theworkerstoldmethatthecarassoonaspossible.(mend)WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketsout.(sell)Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath.Hetobeagreatleader,(consider)Aftertheparty,someofthestudentspickedupalltherubbishthatonthefloorofthehall,(drop)Heisoftenmadethetableafterdinner,(clean)【答案】1.wasbuilt;2,willbespent;3,iswasted4.wouldbesent;5.aretold;6.isallowed;7.isstored8.hadbeenpainted;9.areoperated;10.havebeenborrowed;11.wastold12.wouldbecompleted/wouldhavebeencompleted;13.wouldbemended;14.hadbeensold;15.hadbeenconsidered;16.hadbeendropped;17.toclean【巩固】【练习1】ThePeople'sRepublicofChina onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfoundEnglishinCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspokenThisEnglishsong bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensungThiskindofcar inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismadeNewcomputers allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused答案1-5BDDDC【练习2】Ourroommust clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep-Fdliketobuythatcoat.-Fmsorry. .A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensoldAnewhouse atthecomeroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuildingThekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleftDoctors ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneedHisnewbook nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished答案:16BCBBCA【拔高】【练习1]Japanese ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeakingThesepapers yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwrittenThesportsmeet behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't答案1-3ABB【练习2]-Myshoesarewornout..A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Arethesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do答案1-3ABA五、【课后巩固】【习题1]Why totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theldWhowasthebook ?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenbyWhere theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am答案:1-3BDB【习题2】.—Howlongatthisjob?—Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed.——Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeTheearthquakewasdestroyingthemTheydestroyedintheearthquakeTheearthquakedestroyedthem3.Ifcitynoisesfromincreasing,peopleshouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept;willhavetoB.arenotkept;havetoC.donotkeep;willhavetoD.donotkeep;haveto4.—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,itverysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltneedonemorestampbeforemycollection.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompletedAllthepreparationsforthetask,andwe'rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompletedHundredsofjobsifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willloseAnewcinemahere.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuiltAftertheclass,thestudentswentoutoftheclassroomonebyone,butonlyMary.A.leftB.hadleftC.wasleavingD.wasleftTheteachertoldthestudentsthattheytobeusefulmentothecountry.A.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpectedHeinashowerlastnightandgotwetthrough.A.caughtB.wascaughtC.hadcaughtD.caughtupThethiefwhenhewasstealingawalletfromawoman.A.happenedtonoticeB.wastakenplacetonoticeC.washappenedtobenoticedD.happenedtobenoticedHeandwasmadetorepeatit.A.didn'tunderstandB.didn'tbeunderstoodC.wasn'tunderstandD.wasn'tunderstoodThepupilshereallkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfewweeks.A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing一WhatwereyoudoingwhenTomcametoseeyou?—Ionmyovercoatandtovisitafriendofmine.A.havejustput;leavingB.wasput;wasleftC.hadjustput;wasleavingD.wasputting;leftTheysaidgood-bye,hardlyknowingthattheyagain.A.werenevermetB.willnevermeetC.nevermetD.werenevertomeet—Whathappenedtothepostman?一Idon*tknow.Hearoundhereforalongtime.A.hasn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.wasn'tseenD.hasn'tbeenseenDon'tgetthatinkonyourshirt,forit.A.won'twashoutB.won'tbewashedoutC.isn'twashedoutD.doesn'twashaway一DoyouknowanyoneinParis?—No.I'llmakefriendsonce.A.I'msettledB.IhavesettledC.I'llbesettledD.I'msettlingNothavingfinishedhishomework,towatchTV.A.MotherforbadehimB.sohewasforbiddenC.andhewantedD.hewasforbidden—Bob,youonthephone.A.areneeded;I'mcomingB.arewanted;ComingC.arecalled;I'llcomeD.arerungup;ThanksE-mail,aswellastelephones,animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isbeingplayedB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.isplayingJacksontoworkingovernmentofficethoughhehatedservingthere.A.wantedB.waswantedC.waswantingD.hadwantedYourcoughoughtbeforeitgetsworse.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.toseetoD.tobeseento—I'mgoingawayfortheweekend.一Butyouyououttodinnerwithme.A.say;willcomeB.say;cameC.said;wouldcomeD.havesaid;willmade

don'tknowwhatdecisionsattheconferenceasJohnhasn'treportedtomeyet.A.wouldmakeB.willmakeC.aremadeD.weremade—Wouldyouhavecometohishelp,hadyoubeenfree?—Yes.ButIengaged.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe答案:LB从答语Since1990我们可以知道,说话人问的是一段时间,since表示“从过去ー直到现在”，因此本空用现在完成时。A本题考查时态语态与习惯表达。第一个说话人问的是发生在thepricelessworksofart的事情,因此回答时为了有所侧重,将they放在主语的位置上,they与destroy间为被动关系,在这里叙述过去的事情,因此最佳答案是A。A在真实条件状语从句中,主句应用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。还要注意citynoises和keep是被动关系C从形式上看,该句很像是被动语态,结果选D的考生有一些。而实际上feel是摸起来的意思,与后面的soft是系表结构。作为此意讲时,feel没有被动语态,也不可用作进行时,故A、D、B项不可选。本题区分度为0.357,通过率为35%。D该题的考查目标是时间状语从句中时态和语态的用法。从原题的主句时态看出,从句中应该用一般现在时。而complete与collection构成动宾关系,所以用被动语态。故D最佳。本题区分度为0.451,通过率为41%。DAllthepreparations与complete之间应为被动关系,故排除A、B。依据we'rereadytostart,故排除C。7.B此题是在if引起一个状语从句中,从句用现在时,主句中用一般将来时,而且句意为被动,故B为最佳。D从后面的提示看,这项工程没有完工,故应正在建设之中,而且是被动语态,故D为最佳。Dleave既可作”离开”解,又可作”留下“解。本题明显含有”Mary被留在教室里(bytheteacher)”之意。A此句用被动语态,表示“他们被期待、被指望……二all常置于be动词或第一个助动词之后。B表示”淋雨“、“碰上阵雨”时,若"雨”作主语,用主动形式,动词用catch;若”人”作主语,

则用becaughtin结构。Dhappen,takeplace不用于被动语态,但happento（碰巧）之后的不定式可以用被动语态。本题的notice与主语thief是动宾关系,故用不定式的被动形式。D从He...wasmadetorepeatit可推断他的话未被理解,故用被动形式。Dkeepsb.busydoingssth.表示”使某人忙于”,完成时的被动形式应为havebeenkeptbusydoingsth.〇C前ー个动作在"Tom来看”时已完成,后ー个正要去做。Dwere（was）todosth.表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事。D从时间状语foralongtime可知,到说话时为止长时间没见到邮递员了。故用现在完成时态的被动语态。A"won'twashout"意思是"不会洗掉"。用来说明主语的特征。Asettle作"安家"解时,既可用settle,也可用besettled。本题是由once即（一旦）引起的时间状语从句,故用一般现在时表将来。D本题前半部分是现在分词的完成时作原因状语。根据分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语相一致的原则,排除A。B、C两项分别有连词so和and,故不对。B"有你的电话"英语应说youarewantedonthetelephone〇答语用coming表示"我就来（=I*mcoming.）',Daswellas连接两个主语时，谓语动词应和aswellas前的主语一致。B尽管Jackson不愿意在政府部门工作,但是政府部门却相中了他。D题意为"趁着咳嗽得不很厉害,你应该马上就医オ是。"C因为主句的谓语动词用的是过去时态,所以从句的时态应该用过去时态的ー种,这里是间接引语形式。Dmake与decisions是动宾关系，attheconference告诉我们，（会上）作出决定已成事实,只不过John尚未报告究竟作出什么样的决定,故本题用过去时态的被动语态。A此题的关键是but,Iwasengaged意思是"我当时很忙。"第六讲:被动语态三、【考点解读】动词的被动语态是中学英语语法的ー个重要内容,因此在小升初英语考试中作为衔接内容而出现,对于准初中生而言是难点和易错点。因此希望小升初的学生能认真结合解读,仔细把握被动语态的学习要领,结合小升初的最新模拟真题,做到融会贯通,举一反三。四、【知识讲解】知识点1——被动语态英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。二、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如:Themanwasfooledbythetwoboys.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.二、被动语态的用法(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如:Streetlightsareoftenturnedonatsixinwinter.Thenewtestbookwillbeusednextterm.(2)当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如:Thiskindofbicycleisnotsoldinourshop.Thethiefwascaughtbyapolicemanyesterday.(3)含有双宾语的句子,主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语,另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。例如:Thepianistgavethepupils(间接宾语)someadvice(直接宾语)—>Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebythepianist.—Someadvicewasgiventothepupilsbythepianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语,动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如:Thebossmadethemworktenhoursaday. —>Theyweremadetoworktenhoursaday.Aboysawhimenterthehouse. —>Hewasseentoenterthehouse.三、被动语态中谓语动词的原形是be+donebe随着时态的变化而发生变化。以下是主动语态和被动语态中谓语动词的形式:名称主动语态谓语动词形式被动语态谓语动词形式一般现在时态v/vsAm/is/are+done一般过去时态VedWas/were+done一般将来时态Will+vWillbe+done现在进行时态Am/is/are+vingAm/is/are+being+done现在完成时态Have/has+过去分词Have/hasbeen+done3)情态动词情态动词主动语态被动语态can(not)may(not)+dosth+bedonemust(not)常见的句型结构:Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought )that 大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)……Itis(was)wellknownthat 众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat 被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat 务必记住 Itmustn'tbeforgottenthat 千万另リ忘记 Itis(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)注意以下几种被动语态的特殊情况:二,带有感官动词和使役动词的句子如何变被动语态动词主动形式被动形式letletsbdosth（sb）belettodosthmakemakesbdosth（sb）bemadetodosthseeseesbdosth（sb）beseentodosthwatchwatchsbdosth（sb）bewatchedtodosthhearhearsbdosth（sb）beheardtodosth二.有些动词没有被动语态。（及物动词オ有被动语态）1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear,die,disappear,end（vi.结束），fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,standbreakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.2）系动词无被动语态:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn3）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto4）系动词无被动语态:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn5）当宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。Iwanttogonow.三,主动表示被动的几种情况1）有些不及物动词形式上为主动,但是表示被动含义。这本书销路很好。Thisbooksellswell.这本小说读起来很有趣。Thisnovelreadswell.肉很容易切。Meatcutseasily.此类词还有lock,shut,open,move,write,sell,wash,clean,catch,draw2）有些进行时,形式上主动,但含被动之意。Thebookisprinting.=Thebookisbeingprinted.Thehouseisbuilding.=Thehouseisbeingbuilt.3)介词短语作表语,主动表示被动。Thequestionisnowunderdiscussion.Thefirewasfinallyundercontrol.Alltheseoldbuildingsareunderrepairs.三、【典例探究】【例题】:()1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C.areholdingD.willhold)2.Intheartshow,alotoflaughtertoforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgiving Bwasgiven Cwillgive Dhasgive)3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Itinmanyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaughtD.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards()5.UsuallycomputerstosearchtheInternet.use B.areusingC.areusedD.used()6.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?-Yes.ourclassroomeveryday.itcleans B.wearecleans C.weclean一般现在时“答案］A〇［解析］考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行ー次’’可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。2［答案］B。［解析］本题考查被动语态,句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。’’3［答案］D。［解析］考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。4［答案］A。［解析］选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。

5［答案1C。［解析］从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。6［答案］C。［解析］考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。()7.—DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmellsterrible?—Yes.Infact,it.That'sallbecauseofthefactoriesaround.A.pollutedBwaspollutedChaspollutedD.waspollute()8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.—You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay,peoplehavedonemoreandmoretoprotect(保护)theearth.B.isstarted B.wasstarted C.hasstarted()9.Weintofivegroupstogototheoldpeople'shome.Wedidmanythingstocheerthemup.A.divided B.aredivided C.weredivided一般过去时7［答案］B