辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2020ㅡ2021学年高二英语下学期期末学业质量监测试题【含答案】

辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末学业质量监测试题考生注意：1.试卷满分150分，时间120分钟。2.本分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。3.答题前，考生务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。第Ⅰ卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍1.Whatisthedogdoingnow?A.Playing.B.Sleeping.C.Eating.2.Whatdoesthemanaskfor?A.Coffee.B.Sugar.C.Salt3.Whywon’tthewomanwatchthegamewiththemantonight?A.Shehastoworklate.B.ShewantstovisitSally.C.Shedoesn’tlikebasketball.4.Howmuchwillthewomanlendtheman?A.£5.B.£1.C.£9.5.Wherewillthespeakersstudytonight?A.Intheschoollibrary.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Atthehouseoftheman’ssister.第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话成独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话成独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatareMei’slessonsabout?A.Painting.B.SpeakingChinese.C.DrawingChinesewords.7.HowdoesMei’steacherhelpMei?A.Hemakeslearningfun.B.HetellshertobepatientC.Hemakesthelessonseasy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthefirstproblemthemanthinksaboutthecamera?A.It’sgettingold.B.Watergotintoit.C.Somethingiswrongwiththescreen.9.Whatdoesthemanprobablymeanintheend?A.Thecameraisonthewrongsetting.B.Thewomanisgoodattakingphotos.C.Thereisnothingwrongwiththecamera.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife,11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sidea?A.It’ssmartB.It’sagainsttheirtraditions.C.It’llmakethemstressedout.12.Wheredothespeakercomefrom?A.China.B.Britain.C.America.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.14.Whatdoesthemanhopetodothisafternoon?A.Watchabasketballgame.B.Goforajobinterview.C.MeetYaoMing.15.WhatwillYaoMingtalkabout?A.Whyit’simportanttogotouniversity.U.S.hatit’sliketobefamousintheU.S.C.Howtostartasuccessfulbasketballcareer.16.HowoldwasthewomanwhenshefirstheardaboutYaoMing?A.Fouryearsold.B.Sevenyearsold.C.Eightyearsold.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydidthespeakerandherfatherfirstmovetotheU.S.?A.Tolivewiththeirfamily.B.Tofindgoodjobs.C.TolearnEnglish.18.Whatdidthespeakerwarntobe?A.Amarketowner.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.19.Wheredidthespeakergotocollege?A.InLosAngeles.B.InSanFrancisco.C.InNewYorkCity.20.Howdoesthespeechprobablymakethestudentsfeel?A.WorriedB.Encouraged.C.Disappointed.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAmidthecoronavirusoutbreak,theU.S.DepartmentofHomelandSecurityrecommendshavingatleastatwo-weeksupplyofwaterandfood.PotatoesShelflife：2to5weeksifstoredinacool,dry,darkplaceYukonGold,red,andfingerlingpotatoeswilllastfromtwotothreeweeks.Largerwhitepotatoescanlastforthreetofiveweeks.Sweetpotatoeshaveaboutthesameshelflife.Don'tstorethemnexttoonions,however.Thetwomightgotogetherwellincooking,butraw,eachgivesoffgasesandmoisturethatmightcausetheothertospoilfaster.Tea※Shelflife：6to12monthspast"sell-by"dateDriedtealeaves,whetherloose(inasealedcontainer)orinteabags(inanunopenedbox)caneasilylastayearormoreifthey'renotsubjectedtodamporhumidity.However,theteadoestendtoloseflavorovertime.Peanuts●Shelflife：1to2monthsPeanutsintheirshell,especiallywhenkeptcoolanddry,areperfectlyhappyinthecupboardforaslongastwomonths.Cannedfruitsandvegetables●Shelflife：1to2yearspast"sell-by”dateCanningisanextremelyefficientmeansofpreservingfood.Generallyspeaking,ifcannedfoodsaren'tsubjectedtoextremeheat,theircontentsshouldstaygoodfortwoyearsormore.Beaware,however,ofdentedcansorthosewithswollentops,whichmayindicatethepresenceofbacteriainside.1.Whichcangobadfasterifstoredwithonions?A.Potatoes. B.Tea.C.Peanuts. D.Cannedfruitsandvegetables.2.Whatisspecialabouttea?A.Theflavorofteacanalwaysremainthesame.B.Tealeavesarebettertobepreservedinanopenjar.C.Tealeavesshouldbekeptawayfromthestateofbeingwet.D.Themaximumlengthoftimethatteacanbestoredis6months.3.Whatmayshortenthe"sell-by”dateofcannedfoods?A.Shapesofcans. B.Categoriesoffoods.C.Declineofthetemperature. D.Exposuretohightemperature.1.A2.C3.D【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些食物的保质期以及保存方法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Potatoes中的“Sweetpotatoeshaveaboutthesameshelflife.Don'tstorethemnexttoonions,however.Thetwomightgotogetherwellincooking,butraw,eachgivesoffgasesandmoisturethatmightcausetheothertospoilfaster.”红薯的保质期也差不多。但是，不要把它们放在洋葱旁边。这两种食物在烹饪时可能搭配得很好，但生食时，它们会释放出气体和水分，可能会让另一种食物更快变质。由此可知，土豆和洋葱放一起会更快变质，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Tea中的“Driedtealeaves,whetherloose(inasealedcontainer)orinteabags(inanunopenedbox)caneasilylastayearormoreifthey'renotsubjectedtodamporhumidity.However,theteadoestendtoloseflavorovertime.”干茶叶，无论是松散的(在密封的容器中)还是茶包(在未开封的盒子中)，只要不受潮或潮湿，都可以很容易地保存一年或更长时间。然而，随着时间的推移，这种茶确实会失去味道。由此可知茶叶不能受潮，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Cannedfruitsandvegetables中的“Generallyspeaking,ifcannedfoodsaren'tsubjectedtoextremeheat,theircontentsshouldstaygoodfortwoyearsormore.”一般来说，如果罐头食品不经受极端高温，其里面的食品应保持良好两年或更久。由此可知，罐头食品如果经受高温，保质期可能会缩短，故选D。应用文多是细节理解题。一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组标记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的storedwithonions，再如小题3题干中的cannedfoods，可以帮助快速找出答案。BYou’reinacrowdofpeoplewhoareallaskingforthesamething.Howdoyoumakeyourvoiceheardabovetherest?Bedifferent.Don’tshout.Lisa,25,waswaitingtoboardaplaneflyingfromLondontoAustriaforChristmaswhentheflightwascancelled.“Therewereaboutahundredofusunabletoleave,”shesays.“Everyoneelsewasshoutingattheairportstaff.Insteadofjoiningin,Iwalkeduptothemanbehindtheticketdeskveryquietlyandsaid,‘Thismustbesoawfulforyou!Idon’tknowhowyoudealwiththesesituations—it’snotevenyourfault.Icouldneverhandleitaswellasyouare.’Withoutmyevenasking,hefoundmeaseatonanotherairlinewithanupgradetofirstclass.Hewashappytodoafavorforsomeonewhowasappreciativeinsteadofunfriendliness.”Flattery(恭维)isanessentialelementofthesweet-talkstrategy.“It’shumanpsychologythatstrokingaperson’sego(自我)withafewwell-directedpraisesmakesthemwanttoproveyouright,”saysapsychologist.“Tellsomeonethey’reprettyandthey’llinstantlyfixtheirhair;praisetheirsenseofhumorandthey’lltellajoke.”Youneedhelpandthere’sabsolutelynoreasonthatthepersonwillwanttolendahand.Allison,26.alawyer,realizedshe’dmadeahugemistakeonabatchofdocuments.“TheonlywayIcouldfixtheproblemwastogetthehelpofacolleaguewhoIknewdidn’tlikeme,”shesaid.Allisonthenwenttothewoman’sofficeandexplainedherproblem.“AsIwassayingtothebosstheotherdayyou’retheonlypersonwhowouldknowhowtohandleasituationlikethis,whatwouldyousuggestIdo?”“Feelingpumpedup(鼓励),shesetabouthelpingmeandwefinishedthejobontime,andshewashappytohelp.”Allisonsaid.4.Whatwouldhavehappenedattheairportaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Thedeparturehallwasfilledwithnoise.B.Someonescreamedjustlobedifferent.C.Thepassengerswaitedonboardpatiently.D.Theairportstuffwererudetothepassengers.5.WhydidthemanputLisaonanotherairline?A.HeadmiredLisa’sbeauty. B.Heappreciatedherattitude.C.Hewasreadytohelpothers. D.Hewasblamedforthecancellation.6.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thepotentialbenefitsofego. B.Thestrategytostartsmalltalk.C.Thegreatimportanceofflattery. D.Thevalueofhumorindailylife.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutAllison’scolleague?A.Shewasapopularlawyer.B.Shewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.C.ShealwaysgotpraisefromAllison.D.ShedidagreatfavorforAllisoneventually.4.A5.B6.C7.D【分析】【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Howdoyoumakeyourvoiceheardabovetherest?Bedifferent.Don’tshout.”可知让你的声音与众不同的方法就是不要大声喊叫，可见飞机场里会发生的事情是出发厅里会充满了嘈杂声。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。文章第二段最后“Hewashappytodoafavorforsomeonewhowasappreciativeinsteadofunfriendliness.”表明那个机场工作人员之所以给Lisa换航班是因为他愿意帮那些会欣赏别人的人而不是只会对别人充满敌意的人。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。第三段的第一句话总括整段内容“Flattery(恭维)isanessentialelementofthesweet-talkstrategy.”，即恭维是良好说话策略的必要因素，后面引用心理学家的话来论证这个论点。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段“Feelingpumpedup(鼓励),shesetabouthelpingmeandwefinishedthejobontime,andshewashappytohelp.”说明Allison的同事受到了鼓励后，开始帮助她，在她的帮助下她们及时完成了工作而且她同事还对帮助了Allison这件事感到很愉快。故选D。CTheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)includedonDecember17,2020China'sTaiChiontheRepresentativeListoftheIntangible（无形的）CulturalHeritageofHumanity.ThedecisionwasannouncedduringtheonlinemeetingoftheUNESCOIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageheldfromDecember14to19inKingston,capitalofJamaica.“Borninthemid-17thcenturyinasmallvillagenamedChenjiagoulocatedinCentralChina'sHenanprovince,TaiChiisnotonlyakindoftraditionalWushuintegratedwithslowmovementsanddeepbreathing,butisalsodeeplyrootedinmanyareasofChineseculture,suchasmedicineandphilosophy,”ZhuXianghuasays,whoisthesonofthefamousTaiChimasterZhuTiancai.Althoughithasspreadtomorethan150countriesandregions,attractingmorethan100millionpeopletopractice,theideathatTaiChiisfortheelderlyhasstoppedmanyyoungpeoplepracticingtheancientWushu.Theythinkofitasaslowexercise,whichisspeciallymadeandbettersuitedfortheirgrandparents.Instead,manyyoungpeopleareturningtotheIndianpracticeofyoga（瑜伽）torelievestress,whichwasplacedontheUNESCO'sListin2019.InordertopromoteTaiChi,jointeffortshavebeenmadefromindividualsandtheChinesegovernmentinthelastdecades.Xi'anJiaotongUniversityrequiresstudentstolearnTaiChi.WangYunbing,aprofessorintheuniversity'ssportscenter,stressedthatTaiChiisnotonlygoodphysicalexercise-researchersfromtheAmericanCollegeofRheumatologyfindthatitcanhelpmanageseveraldiseasesbutisalsoconnedtedtoancientChineseeivilization.Since2014,theWorldTaiChiChampionshipshavebeenheldeverytwoyearsbytheInternationalWushuFederation.ItprovidesaplatformforcommunicationandlearningbetweentheTaiChimastersandTaiChiloversaroundtheglobe.InJanuary2020,TaiChibecameanofficialeventinthe2026DakarYouthOlympicGames.8.WhatdoesZhuXianghuasayaboutTaiChiinparagraph2?A.ItoriginatedfromfastKungFuaction. B.Itwasbornaroundthe1750sinavillage.C.ItisrelatedtootherculturalfieldsofChina. D.ItintegratesChinesemedicineandwesternphilosophy.9.WhydosomeyoungpeoplechoosetopracticeyogainsteadofTaiChi?A.Theythinkiteasiertopracticeyogatokeepfit.B.TheelderlystopyoungpeoplepracticingTaiChi.C.TheyconsiderTaiChiiscustom-builtforoldpeople.D.YogawasincludedintheworldcultureearlierthanTaiChi.10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A.TopromotecontemporaryChinesecivilization.B.ToshowmanyeffortsmadetopopularizeTaiChi.C.TostresstheimportanceofChineseTaiChimasters.D.ToadvisepeopletopractiseTaiChitocurediseases.11.Whichofthefollowingis

thebesttitleforthepassage?A.TaiChiStepsontheUNESCO'sList. B.TaiChiisCompetingagainstYoga.C.TaiChiHasRegainedpopulateGlobally. D.OpinionsGreatlyDifferonTaiChiandYoga.8.C9.C10.B11.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了联合国教科文卫组织将中国的太极拳列入非物质文化遗产的名录中。同时文章还介绍了个人和组织如何推广太极拳的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Borninthemid-17thcenturyinasmallvillagenamedChenjiagoulocatedinCentralChina'sHenanprovince,TaiChiisnotonlyakindoftraditionalWushuintegratedwithslowmovementsanddeepbreathing,butisalsodeeplyrootedinmanyareasofChineseculture,suchasmedicineandphilosophy,”ZhuXianghuasays,whoisthesonofthefamousTaiChimasterZhuTiancai.”（“太极拳诞生于17世纪中叶，位于中国中部河南省一个名叫陈家沟的小村庄里，它不仅是一种融合了缓慢动作和深呼吸的传统武术，而且还深深植根于中国文化的许多领域。“例如医学和哲学。”朱香华说，他是著名的太极拳大师朱天才的儿子。）可知，太极拳和中国文化的其他领域相互结合。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Althoughithasspreadtomorethan150countriesandregions,attractingmorethan100millionpeopletopractice,theideathatTaiChiisfortheelderlyhasstoppedmanyyoungpeoplepracticingtheancientWushu.Theythinkofitasaslowexercise,whichisspeciallymadeandbettersuitedfortheirgrandparents.”（尽管太极拳已经传播到150多个国家和地区，吸引了1亿多人练习，但是太极拳是为老年人而设计的，这使许多年轻人停止了练习古老的武术。他们认为这是一种慢运动，它是特制的，更适合其祖父母。）可知，很多年轻人误认为太极拳只适合老年人练习，故而转身去练习瑜伽。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“InordertopromoteTaiChi,jointeffortshavebeenmadefromindividualsandtheChinesegovernmentinthelastdecades.Xi'anJiaotongUniversityrequiresstudentstolearnTaiChi.WangYunbing,aprofessorintheuniversity'ssportscenter,stressedthatTaiChiisnotonlygoodphysicalexercise-researchersfromtheAmericanCollegeofRheumatologyfindthatitcanhelpmanageseveraldiseasesbutisalsoconnedtedtoancientChineseeivilization.Since2014,theWorldTaiChiChampionshipshavebeenheldeverytwoyearsbytheInternationalWushuFederation.ItprovidesaplatformforcommunicationandlearningbetweentheTaiChimastersandTaiChiloversaroundtheglobe.InJanuary2020,TaiChibecameanofficialeventinthe2026DakarYouthOlympicGames.”（为了推广太极拳，在过去的几十年里，个人和中国政府共同努力。西安交通大学要求学生学习太极。该校体育中心教授王云冰强调，太极不仅是一种很好的体育锻炼——美国风湿病学会的研究人员发现，太极拳有助于控制多种疾病，而且与中国古代文明息息相关。自2014年以来，世界太极锦标赛每两年由国际武术联合会举办一次。它为全球太极大师和太极爱好者提供了一个交流和学习的平台。2020年1月，太极拳成为2026年达喀尔青年奥运会的正式比赛项目。）可知，文章在最后一段介绍了个人和组织为推广太极而做出的努力。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)includedonDecember17,2020China'sTaiChiontheRepresentativeListoftheIntangible(无形的)CulturalHeritageofHumanity.ThedecisionwasannouncedduringtheonlinemeetingoftheUNESCOIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageheldfromDecember14to19inKingston,capitalofJamaica.”（联合国教育，科学及文化组织（UNESCO）于2020年12月17日将中国的太极拳列入人类无形的文化遗产代表作名录。这项决定是在12月14日至19日在牙买加首都金斯敦举行的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会在线会议上宣布的。）和后文对太极拳的介绍可知，本文主要讲述联合国教科文卫组织将中国的太极拳列入非物质文化遗产保护名录。A项符合题意。故选A项。DAsabasicfoodintheAsiandiet，soybeans（大豆）havebeenusedtomaketofuandsoymilkforhundredsofyears．Butnow，theyarealsobeingturnedintoanalternativetoplasticwrap．WilliamChen，aprofessoroffoodscienceandtechnologyatSingapore'sNanyangTechnologicalUniversity，inventedtheenvironmentally﹣friendlyfoodwrap．It'smadeofcellulose（纤维素），aformoffiber，obtainedfromthewastegeneratedbysoybeanproductproducers．Thebeansarepressedtosqueezeoutjuicethat'susedtomaketofuandsoymilk．Andwhat'sleftisusuallythrownaway，butChentakesthewasteandputsitthroughafermentation（发酵）process，duringwhichcelluloseisproduced．Cellulose﹣basedplasticwrapshavebeenonthemarketforafewyears，butChensaysthatmostaremadefromwoodorcorn，grownforthatpurpose．Bycontrast，hiswrapismadefromawasteproduct，whichdoesn'tcompetewithothercropsforlandandismoresustainable．Chen'stechnologycouldhelptosolvetwoproblemsatonce：cuttingplasticproductionandreducingtheamountoffoodwaste．"InSingapore，theamountoffoodwastegeneratedeveryyearcouldfillup15，000Olympic﹣sizedswimmingpools，"Chensays．F&N，asoy﹣baseddrinksproducer，haspartneredwithChen'slabandprovidestheproduct，straightfromthefactory．Thecompanyisconductingastudytoassesswhetherthefoodwrapcouldcompletecommerciallywithconventionalproducts．Chenadds，"Thesoy﹣basedwrapcostsalmostnothingtomakeinthelabbecausetherawmaterialsarefree．Commercialproductionwouldinvolveadditionalexpenses，suchasstorageandqualitycontrol，however，wehavenotcalculatedthosecostsyet．"Chenhopesneighboringsoy﹣lovingcountrieswillbeinspiredbySingaporetoadopthisinnovation．"Mydreamisthatourtechnology，whichischeapandsimple，willcutplasticandfoodwasteandcreateacleanerenvironment，"Chensays．12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？A.TheintroductiontoWilliamChen．B.Theprocessofproducingsoymilk．C.Thewaytomakesoy﹣basedwrap．D.Thebenefitofeatingsoyproducts．13.What'sthebiggestdifferenceofChen'swrapfromothercellulose﹣basedplasticwraps？A.Itsaveslandforindustry．B.It'smoreeasilybrokendown．C.Itismadefromthefoodwaste．D.Ithasbeenputintopracticeformanyyears．14.Whatwillcommercialproductionofthefoodwrapcause？A.Alackofcompetitiveness．B.Poorqualityofthewraps．C.Ashortageofrawmaterial．D.Anincreaseinproductioncosts．15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？A.Apersonaldiary．B.Atravelguide．C.Abookreview．D.Ascientificmagazine．12.C13.C14.D15.D【分析】本文为说明文。自古以来，大豆就是亚洲人最喜欢的食物，可被制成豆腐、浆、酱油和各种豆制品，但现在，受欢迎的大豆的豆渣也能变成塑料包装的环保袋。新加坡南洋理工大学的食品科学和技术教授就用豆渣制作了环保的食品包装。这种技术既便宜又简单，能减少塑料和食品的浪费，创造一个更清洁的环境。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“WilliamChen，aprofessoroffoodscienceandtechnologyatSingapore'sNanyangTechnologicalUniversity，inventedtheenvironmentally﹣friendlyfoodwrap．”新加坡南洋理工大学食品科学与技术教授陈伟新（WilliamChen）发明了环保食品包装方式。接着本段下文对这种用豆渣制作包装的方式进行了详细的叙述。可知，本段主要关于用豆渣制作食物包装的方式，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“butChensaysthatmostaremadefromwoodorcorn，grownforthatpurpose．Bycontrast，hiswrapismadefromawasteproduct,whichdoesn'tcompetewithothercropsforlandandismoresustainable．”但是陈先生说，大多数塑料薄膜都是用木材或玉米制成的。相比之下，他的塑料薄膜是用废弃的产品制成的。可知，陈的包装与其他纤维素塑料包装最大的区别它是由食物残渣制成的。这种产品不会与其他作物争夺土地，而且更具可持续性．分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。倒数第二段中的Chenadds，"Thesoy﹣basedwrapcostsalmostnothingtomakeinthelabbecausetherawmaterialsarefree．Commercialproductionwouldinvolveadditionalexpenses，suchasstorageandqualitycontrol，however，wehavenotcalculatedthosecostsyet．"陈补充道：“大豆基包装材料在实验室几乎不需要花费任何成本，因为它的原材料是免费的。商业生产将涉及额外的费用，如储存和质量控制，但我们尚未计算这些费用。”由此可推断出食品包装的商业化生产会导致生产成本的增加，D项符合题意，故选D。【15题详解】D推理判断题。阅读全文可知，文章主要叙述了新加坡南洋理工大学的食品科学和技术教授依靠科学技术利用豆渣制作出环保的食品包装。可知文章涉及科学，由此可知，本文应选自科学杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoAvoidIdentityTheftEveryyear,alargequantityofpersonalinformationisleakedintothewronghands.Millionsofpeoplesuffertheidentitytheft.Maybethere’sspywareontheircomputer,oraservicetheyusehasasecurityproblem,leavingcustomersatriskofexposure.Butthereisnoneedtofear.It’saloteasierthanyoumightthinktosetupproperdefenses.____16____Here’show.Cleanyourcomputerandsmart-phone___17___beforeyouputnewsecuritymeasuresintoplace.Thismeansfixingagoodanti-virusprogramandtakingthetimetoclearoutanyspywarethatmayhavealreadyinfectedyoursystem.EnsureyourWi-FisafetyNowthatyourcomputerisclean,youshouldpluganyholesinyourhomenetwork.It’sfairlyeasyforpotentialcriminalstogainaccesstoyourinformationifthey’reabletoshareyourconnection.___18___.Differentrouters(路由器)willhavedifferentsetuppages,sotheactualstep-by-stepwillvary,buttheendresultwillbethesame.Here’swhattodo:Enablebasicpasswordprotection.Youalsoneedtochangethepasswordthatallowsyoutoaccessyourrouter’ssettingstobeginwith.Thenchangetheoriginalnameofyourwirelessnetwork.Don’tuseanypersonalinformationhere.___19___Everythingyoujustfinishedcouldbefornothingifathiefhasyourexistingpasswords,soyouneedtochangethemforeveryserviceyouuse.Whatyou’veheardistrue:Passwordsshoulduseavarietyofspecialcharacters,numbers,letters,andcaseswhenpossible.___20___,andthereshouldbeadifferentoneforeachwebsiteyouuse.Doingthisorkeepingtrackofitallispain,whichiswhypeopledon’tdoitandwindupwithstolenidentities.Tryit,andthere’snoneedtoworryaboutallthoseproblems.ADigdeepwithyourpasswordsB.TheyshouldbeclosetorandomC.UsethepasswordsinthesamewayD.Infact,youcaneasilydoitallinaweekendE.However,itisachallengetosetupadefenseF.MakesureyourdevicesareasspotlessaspossibleG.That’swhyyouwanttobecarefulwhenusingpublicWi-Fi16.D17.F18.G19.A20.B【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了怎样避免个人信息在网上被泄露。【详解】1.根据上文“It’saloteasierthanyoumightthinktosetupproperdefenses”（建立适当的防御比你想象的要容易得多。）同时根据下文提的方法，可知空白处与上文为顺承关系，讲述防御的方法很简单。选项D.“Infact,youcaneasilydoitallinaweekend”（事实上，你可以很容易地在一个周末做到这一切），说明做好防御是不需要花费太多时间的，即方法很容易。符合文意，故选D。2.根据下文“Thismeansfixingagoodanti-virusprogramandtakingthetimetoclearoutanyspywarethatmayhavealreadyinfectedyoursystem.”（这意味着修复一个好的反病毒程序，并花时间清除任何可能已经感染你的系统的间谍软件。）说明通过反病毒程序和清理已经感染你的系统的间谍软件，就可以使自己的信息得到保护，而不泄露，所以前文描述的是在你采取新的安全措施之前，要确保你的设备尽可能的干净。选项F.“Makesureyourdevicesareasspotlessaspossible”（确保你的设备尽可能的干净），符合题意，故选F。3.根据本段标题“EnsureyourWi-Fisafety”（确保你的无线网络安全）及设空前“It’sfairlyeasyforpotentialcriminalstogainaccesstoyourinformationifthey’reabletoshareyourconnection.”（如果潜在的罪犯能够分享你的连接，他们很容易获取你的信息。）可知，当你的连接被罪犯轻易获得后，他们就可以获得你的信息。所以设空处要表明的是在使用公共无线网时要小心。选项G.“That’swhyyouwanttobecarefulwhenusingpublicWi-Fi”（这就是为什么你在使用公共无线网时要小心），选项中“Wi-Fi”和标题关键词一致，符合题意，故选G。4.本句处于标题位置，结合前文标题句式特点，可知句式要用祈使句。根据下文“Everythingyoujustfinishedcouldbefornothingifathiefhasyourexistingpasswords,soyouneedtochangethemforeveryserviceyouuse.”（如果一个小偷有你现有的密码，你刚刚完成的一切可能都是徒劳，所以你需要为你使用的每个服务更改密码。）可知，要对自己用的密码进行修改，选项A.“Digdeepwithyourpasswords”（深入挖掘你的密码）。符合题意，故选A。5.根据上文“Passwordsshoulduseavarietyofspecialcharacters,numbers,letters,andcaseswhenpossible.”（密码应尽可能使用各种特殊字符、数字、字母和大小写。）可知，密码的设置形式要多样化，所以下文应表述密码设置不要有规律，即设置要近乎于随意。选项B.“Theyshouldbeclosetorandom.”（它们应该是随机的。）与题意相符，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AnEnglishbattleshipwassailingatseainthesevereweatherforseveraldays.Thevisibilitywaspoor____21____heavyfog,sothecaptainlandedonthewatchtower,____22____alltheactivities.Shortly,alookoutreportedthatalightaheadwas____23____.Thecaptainasked,“Isitsteadyor____24____towardsourship?”Thelookoutreplied,“Thelightwassteady,butour____25____wasgoingto____26____intothatone.”Thecaptainorderedthelookouttosendasignaltothatshipandtoldthemthatthetwosideswouldhavetheriskofcrashingintoeachotheriftheydidn’t____27____course.Backcameasignal,“It’s____28____foryoutochangecourse.”Thenthecaptainshoutedangrily.“Send,I’mabattleship.You’llchangecourse.”“Captain,I’veneverseenyou____29____yourtopbefore.”thelookoutsaidanddid.Backcameanothersignal,“I’malighthouse!”Thecaptainwasextremely____30____afterknowingthis,andtheyhadtochangetheircourse____31____.Onourpathinlife,wesometimeshavetochangecourse:____32____,wewouldrunintothe____33____.Somepeoplespendmuchtimetryingtochangeeverythingaroundthem,notrealizingtheycan____34____itonlybychangingthemselves.They’rehittingtheirheadonthebarrierbutexpectingagoodresult.It’sjustasstupidasnotchangingtheircourseWhenthoseareabouttocollide(相撞)withalighthouse.Sowhenlifeputsanunmovable____35____infrontofyou,sticktothesecret:changingcourseandgoingon.21.A.inspiteof B.inadditionto C.onaccountof D.ontopof22.A.keepinganeyeon B.askingabout C.engagingin D.turningadeafeatto23.A.charging B.falling C.weakening D.flashing24.A.shooting B.moving C.pointing D.looking25.A.instruction B.method C.ship D.captain26.A.trade B.change C.crash D.compete27.A.affect B.readjust C.admit D.uncover28.A.typical B.early C.challenging D.advisable29.A.blow B.reach C.stuff D.show30.A.heartbroken B.innocent C.relieved D.shocked31.A.temporarily B.instantly C.slowly D.merrily32.A.otherwise B.however C.therefore D.anyway33.A.topsecret B.safepath C.comfortzone D.brickwall34.A.learn B.make C.take D.see35.A.opportunity B.target C.object D.fantasy21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一艘英国战舰差点与灯塔相撞的故事，告诉我们一个道理：当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要改变的是你自己，所以，改变方向，继续前进。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意着所有的活动。A.inspiteof尽管；B.inadditionto除了；C.onaccountof由于；D.ontopof在……之上。由本处的“Thevisibilitywaspoor___1___heavyfog”可知，是由于大雾，能见度很低。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意着所有的活动。A.keepinganeyeon密切注意；B.askingabout询问；C.engagingin从事；D.turningadeafearto充耳不闻。由上文语境可知，这艘英国战舰在恶劣的天气下在海上航行了好几天，雾大能见度低，因此船长上了瞭望塔，密切注意着船和船周边的一切活动（以防发生意外）。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，瞭望员报告说前面有一盏灯