译林英语必修四Unit1 Grammar and Usage课件

Lookatthefollowingsentences:Tom:Whatareyougoingtodothissummerholiday?Amy:IamgoingtotraveltoBeijingwithmyparents.Lead-inLookatthefollowingsentence1Nowtrytoanswer:WhatdidAmysay?AmysaidthatshewasgoingtotraveltoBeijingwithherparents.

Nowtrytoanswer:2GrammarandUsageDirectspeechandreportedspeechGrammarandUsage3直接引语和间接引语直接引语：一字不变，一字不漏地直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，直接引语前后加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。转述的是同样的意思，但转述后改变了特定的单词或词组，不再是原模原样的句子。间接引语不必加引号；间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语和间接引语直接引语：4Shesaid,“Mybrother’snameisTom.”

HeaskedmewhereIlived.Heaskedme,“Wheredoyoulive?”Shesaidthatherbrother’snamewasTom.

直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语直接引语or间接引语?Shesaid,“Mybrother’snamei5直接引语和间接引语的转换等方面做相应的

转换。·如何把直接引语变为间接引语？

1.进行句式上的转换(课本8页第2点）

1）用宾语从句转述别人所说的话。（常用）

2）用不定式转述别人所说的话。

2.

人称代词、时态、时间、地点、指示代词、方向性动词直接引语和间接引语的转换等方面做相应的转换。·61.人称变化

(一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”)1.人称变化

71).“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：①.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”

→Theysaid

wouldgotherebybus.②.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.”

→Shesaid(that)

sisterwantedtogowithher.theyher1).“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语81.Shesaid,“I’mhungry.” Shesaidthat

washungry.2.

Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’Tomtoldthemthat

wouldgetexcited.

sheheshehe92).“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：①.Shesaidto

me,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”

→Sheaskedmeif

wasinterestedinscience.I2).“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语是第10②.HesaidtoKate,"Howisyour

sisternow?"

→HeaskedKatehow

sisterwasthen.③.Shesaid,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanhis.”如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。

→Shetoldmethat

pronunciationwasbetterthanhis.hermy②.HesaidtoKate,"Howisyou113).“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如：①.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

→Hismothertoldmethat

couldn'tgotoschool.②.MrSmithsaid,"Jack’sbrotherisagoodworker."

→MrSmithsaid

wasagoodworker.heJack’sbrother3).“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中121.主句中谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时时，则间接引语的时态和直接引语的时态一样，不做改变。

Hesays“ihavefinishedmyhomework”.

Hesaysthatshehasfinishedhishomework.2.时态变化

1.主句中谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时时，则间接引语的时态132.主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，则间接引语的时态一般做相应变化。2.主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，则间接引语的时态一般做相应变14时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时—一般过去时Hesaid，“I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthework.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthework.现在进行时-过去进行时Hesaid，“I’musingtheknife.”Hesaidthathewas

usingtheknife.一般将来时-过去将来时Shesaid，“I’lldoitafterclass.”Shesaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.现在完成时-

过去完成时Shesaid，“I’venot

heard

fromhimsinceMay.”Shesaidthatshehad

notheardfromhimsinceMay.一般过去时-

过去完成时Hesaid，“Icametohelpyou.”Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.过去完成时不变Hesaid，“Ihad

finishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”Hesaidthathehad

finishedthehomeworkbeforesupper.am/is/arewas/wereV原V-ed

am/is/are+V-ingWas/were+V-ingwillwouldhavedonehaddoneV-edhaddonehaddone时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时—15Hesaid,“I’mapoliceman.” Hesaidthathe

apoliceman.Hesaid,“I’mplayingfootballnow.” Hesaidthathe

playingfootballthen.Hesaid,“Ihavedonemyhomework.” Hesaidthathe

donehishomework.waswashad练一练Hesaid,“I’mapoliceman.”was16Hesaid,“Isawafilmyesterday.” Hesaidthathe

afilmthedaybefore.Hesaid,“Ihadlearned3,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm. Hesaidthathe

3,000Englishwordsbytheendofthetermbefore.hadseenhadlearnedHesaid,“Isawafilmyesterd171.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。e.g.‘Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound,’shesaidtomeyesterday.Shetoldmethedaybeforethatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.例外：1.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间例外：182.如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一般过去时不必变为过去完成时。e.g.Hesaid,‘Thegreatinventorwasbornin1884.’Hetoldmethatthegreatinventorwasbornin1884.2.如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的19Practice:Changethefollowingsentences

intoreportedspeech.

1‘Ihaven’tbroughtmydictionary,’thestudentsaid.2Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’3Myfathersaidtome,‘Iamreadingthebook.’Thestudentsaidthat

hehadn’t

broughthisdictionary.Tomtoldthemthat

hewould

getexcited.Myfathertoldmethat

hewasreadingthebook.Practice:Changethefollowing20DirectspeechReportedspeechnowthentodaythatday/yesterday/on

Wednesday,etc.tonightthatnighttomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday/onThursdayyesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday/on

Tuesday,etcnextmonththemonthafter/thefollowingmonth/in

July,etcaweekagoaweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.nextweekthenextweek3.时间状语的变化

DirectspeechReportedspeechno214.地点状语的变化

地点状语herethere4.地点状语的变化

地点状语herethere22练习：（时间状语和地点状语的改变）e.g.Tomsaid,‘Iamworking

heretoday.’Tomsaidhewasworking

therethatday.练习：23直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose5.指示代词直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthat5.指示代词24动词comego6.方向性动词的变化动词comego6.方向性动词的变化25Readtheadvertisementandcompletetheletteronpage9.Answers:1._______2._______3._________4._______5._______6._________7._______8._______9.________10.______waswouldbehadreadthatwouldhadthoughtthatwouldthoseherReadtheadvertisementandcom26各种句型的变化陈述句疑问句祈使句一般疑问句特殊疑问句各种句型的变化陈述句疑问句祈使句一般疑问句特殊疑问句271当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导。主语+(said)+that+句子(时态往过去推)toldsb.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

1当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导。The28除了say

和tell外，还有其它的主句引述词:adviseexplaininsistpromiseannouncesuggestwarn·‘PSAsareoftenplacedforfree,’thewritersaid.

Thewriterexplained

thatPSAsareoftenplacedfor

free.除了say和tell外，还有其它的主句引述词:advi292.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。

1）一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否）引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陈述语序疑问语序2.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要陈述语序30如何把一般疑问句的疑问语序变成陈述语序？·（助动词do/does/did要去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）如何把一般疑问句的疑问语序变成陈述语序？31

·

Hesaid，“areyouinterestedinEnglish？”

Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasinterestedinEnglish.·Sheaskedhermother,“CanIgoshoppingwithyou?”

Sheaskedhermotherif/whethershecouldgoshoppingwithher.译林英语必修四Unit1GrammarandUsage课件32·Sheaskedme,‘Areyouthehappiestpersoninyourfamily?’

Sheaskedme

whether/if

Iwasthehappiestpersoninmyfamily.·Heaskedme,“WillyouhaveatestonThursday?”

Heaskedme

if/whether

IwouldhaveatestonThursday.·Sheaskedme,‘Areyoutheh33e.g.MattaskedAnn,‘DoesJasondeservetheaward?’

MattaskedAnnwhether/ifJasondeservedtheaward.e.g.MattaskedAnn,‘DoesJas342)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy

wherehelived.

Fatheraskedhissonwherehewas

going疑问语序陈述语序疑问语序陈述语序2)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问35e.g.Sheaskedme,‘Whenwilltheadvertisementsbeonair?’

Sheaskedme

when

theadvertisementswouldbeonair.e.g.Sheaskedme,‘Whenwill36“Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonbooks?”heaskedme.

HeaskedmehowmuchmoneyIspentonbooks.“Whatisyouruncle?”heaskedme. Heaskedmewhatmyunclewas.译林英语必修四Unit1GrammarandUsage课件37e.g.‘Wheredidyoufindtheadvertisementsforjobsabroad?’Billasked.

Billasked

where

Ihadfoundtheadvertisementsforjobsabroad.e.g.‘Wheredidyoufindthea383.转述祈使句时，我们使用tellask

order

advisesuggest等)

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.”句型

。Eg.‘Don’tworry,Peter,’Tomsaid.Tomasked

Peter

not

toworry.‘verb(not)sb.todosth3.转述祈使句时，我们使用sb

(not)

to

do

s39例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”→Theteacheraskedthestudentstostoptalking.2.Theteachersaidtous,“Don’tplayinclass.”

→Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

例如:40·‘Goandseeadoctorafterclass,’myteachersaidtome.

Myteacher

advisedmetogoandsee

adoctorafterclass.·‘Goandseeadoctorafterc41e.g.Thecandidatesaidtothemanager,‘Pleasegivemefiveminutesforpreparation.’

Thecandidate

askedthemanagertogive

himfiveminutesforpreparation.e.g.Thecandidatesaidtothe42Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet.”

Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.Mymothersaidtome,“Pleasecomeandhelpme.”

Mymotheraskedmetogoandhelpher.Thepolicemansaidtothechil43

Thereareotherverbsthatcanbeusedinthisstructuretoreportimperativesentences:adviseencourageinviterecommendwarne.g.‘Don’tbelieveeveryadvertisementyouread,’Michellesaidtome.MichelleadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadvertisementIread.Thereareotherverbsthatca44Answers:2.WangQin__________________________________________________________.3.LuKai_____________________________________________________________.askedhowitcouldhelphimrememberEnglishwords.askedwhether/ifittaughtlistening

andspeakingKeytoExerciseAAnswers:askedhowitcouldhel454.LiuFang__________________________________________________________.5.GuJin___________________________.askedwhatthedesignerwoulddoifshewasnotsatisfiedwiththesoftwareaskedwhether/ifitwaseasytouse4.LiuFang__________________46Answers:2.Theexpertencouragesusto_________________________________.3.Theexpertrecommendsthat________________________________.useinteresting

andattractivephotoswe(should)useeye-catchinglogosKeytoExerciseBAnswers:useinterestingandat474.Theexpertsuggeststhat________________________________________.5.Theexperttellsusto___________________________________________.we(should)maketheslogansshortandeasytoremembermakegooduseofcolourstoattractpeople’sattention4.Theexpertsuggeststhat__48把下列句子改为间接引语“Idon’tthinkIwillbeabletofinishitintime,”Mikesaid.“It’sthemostinterestingfilmI’veeverseen,”hetoldhisfriend.Mikesaidthathedidn’tthinkhewouldbeabletofinishitintime.Hetoldhisfriendthatitwasthemostinterestingfilmhehadeverseen.把下列句子改为间接引语“Idon’tthinkIwi493.Thedoctorsaid,“Themanhashurthislegratherbadly.”Thedoctorsaidthatthemanhadhurthislegratherbadly.3.Thedoctorsaid,“Themanh504.Mymothersaid,“Haveyourrottentoothbeenpulledout?”Mymotheraskedifmyrottentoothhadbeenpulledout.Mymotheraskedifmyrottent515.“Howwillyougotothepark?”Brownsaidtohisyoungerbrother.Brownaskedhisyoungerbrotherhowhewouldgotothepark.5.“Howwillyougotothepar521.Mothersaidtoherlittledaughter,‘Theearthisnotflatbutround.’Mothertoldherlittledaughter(that)theearthisnotflatbutround.把下列句子改为直接引语把下列句子改为直接引语532.Heasked,‘Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudiesthesedays,MaryandJane?’

HeaskedMaryandJanehowtheyweregettingalongwiththeirstudiesthosedays.2.Heasked,‘Howareyougett543.“Alice,youfeedthebaby,”Mothersaid.MotheraskedAlicetofeedthebaby.

4.“Let’shavearest,”ourteachersaid.Ourteachersuggested(that)wehavearest.5.“Don’tmakethiskindoffoolishmistakeagain,”shesaidtome.Shetold/warnedmenottomakethatkindoffoolishmistakeagain.3.“Alice,youfeedthebaby,”556.Heaskedwhypeoplewenttohamburgerrestaurants.7.ThestudenttoldhisheadteacherthathewouldgototheGreatWallthenextday.Heasked,“Whydopeoplegotohamburgerrestaurants?”Thestudentsaidtohisheadteacher,“I’llgototheGreatWalltomorrow.”6.Heaskedwhypeoplewentto568.Iaskedherifsheenjoyedthemovieshehadseen.9.Mr.WangaskedhowhecouldimprovehisspokenEnglish.10.SheaskedmewhatIhadeatenthedaybefore.Isaidtoher,“Doyouenjoythemovieyousaw?”Mr.Wangsaid,“HowcanIimprovemyspokenEnglish?”Shesaidtome,“Whatdidyoueatyesterday?”8.Iaskedherifsheenjoyed57选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Myclassmateaskedme______.A.hadIseenthefilmthreedaysagoB.hadIseenthefilmthreedaysbeforeC.ifIhadseenthefilmthreedaysagoD.whetherIhadseenthefilmthreedaysbefore选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。582.Heaskedme______withme.whatthematterisB.whatthematterwasC.whatisthematterD.whatwasthematter3.Myfriendreallydidn’tknow_____tohelpthedyingboy.A.whathecoulddoB.howcouldhedoC.whetherhecandoD.whatcanhedid2.Heaskedme______withme.594.ShellyaskedAndy_____watertheflowerswhileshewasaway.A.didn’tforgettoB.don’tforgettoC.nottoforgettoD.notforgetto5.Sheexclaimed(惊呼)______.A.whatadifficulttaskitwasB.whatitwasadifficulttaskC.whatdifficulttaskitwasD.whattaskitwasdifficult4.ShellyaskedAndy_____wat60Lookatthefollowingsentences:Tom:Whatareyougoingtodothissummerholiday?Amy:IamgoingtotraveltoBeijingwithmyparents.Lead-inLookatthefollowingsentence61Nowtrytoanswer:WhatdidAmysay?AmysaidthatshewasgoingtotraveltoBeijingwithherparents.

Nowtrytoanswer:62GrammarandUsageDirectspeechandreportedspeechGrammarandUsage63直接引语和间接引语直接引语：一字不变，一字不漏地直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，直接引语前后加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。转述的是同样的意思，但转述后改变了特定的单词或词组，不再是原模原样的句子。间接引语不必加引号；间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语和间接引语直接引语：64Shesaid,“Mybrother’snameisTom.”

HeaskedmewhereIlived.Heaskedme,“Wheredoyoulive?”Shesaidthatherbrother’snamewasTom.

直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语直接引语or间接引语?Shesaid,“Mybrother’snamei65直接引语和间接引语的转换等方面做相应的

转换。·如何把直接引语变为间接引语？

1.进行句式上的转换(课本8页第2点）

1）用宾语从句转述别人所说的话。（常用）

2）用不定式转述别人所说的话。

2.

人称代词、时态、时间、地点、指示代词、方向性动词直接引语和间接引语的转换等方面做相应的转换。·661.人称变化

(一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”)1.人称变化

671).“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：①.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”

→Theysaid

wouldgotherebybus.②.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.”

→Shesaid(that)

sisterwantedtogowithher.theyher1).“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语681.Shesaid,“I’mhungry.” Shesaidthat

washungry.2.

Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’Tomtoldthemthat

wouldgetexcited.

sheheshehe692).“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：①.Shesaidto

me,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”

→Sheaskedmeif

wasinterestedinscience.I2).“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语是第70②.HesaidtoKate,"Howisyour

sisternow?"

→HeaskedKatehow

sisterwasthen.③.Shesaid,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanhis.”如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。

→Shetoldmethat

pronunciationwasbetterthanhis.hermy②.HesaidtoKate,"Howisyou713).“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如：①.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

→Hismothertoldmethat

couldn'tgotoschool.②.MrSmithsaid,"Jack’sbrotherisagoodworker."

→MrSmithsaid

wasagoodworker.heJack’sbrother3).“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中721.主句中谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时时，则间接引语的时态和直接引语的时态一样，不做改变。

Hesays“ihavefinishedmyhomework”.

Hesaysthatshehasfinishedhishomework.2.时态变化

1.主句中谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时时，则间接引语的时态732.主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，则间接引语的时态一般做相应变化。2.主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，则间接引语的时态一般做相应变74时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时—一般过去时Hesaid，“I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthework.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthework.现在进行时-过去进行时Hesaid，“I’musingtheknife.”Hesaidthathewas

usingtheknife.一般将来时-过去将来时Shesaid，“I’lldoitafterclass.”Shesaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.现在完成时-

过去完成时Shesaid，“I’venot

heard

fromhimsinceMay.”Shesaidthatshehad

notheardfromhimsinceMay.一般过去时-

过去完成时Hesaid，“Icametohelpyou.”Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.过去完成时不变Hesaid，“Ihad

finishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”Hesaidthathehad

finishedthehomeworkbeforesupper.am/is/arewas/wereV原V-ed

am/is/are+V-ingWas/were+V-ingwillwouldhavedonehaddoneV-edhaddonehaddone时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时—75Hesaid,“I’mapoliceman.” Hesaidthathe

apoliceman.Hesaid,“I’mplayingfootballnow.” Hesaidthathe

playingfootballthen.Hesaid,“Ihavedonemyhomework.” Hesaidthathe

donehishomework.waswashad练一练Hesaid,“I’mapoliceman.”was76Hesaid,“Isawafilmyesterday.” Hesaidthathe

afilmthedaybefore.Hesaid,“Ihadlearned3,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm. Hesaidthathe

3,000Englishwordsbytheendofthetermbefore.hadseenhadlearnedHesaid,“Isawafilmyesterd771.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。e.g.‘Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound,’shesaidtomeyesterday.Shetoldmethedaybeforethatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.例外：1.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间例外：782.如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一般过去时不必变为过去完成时。e.g.Hesaid,‘Thegreatinventorwasbornin1884.’Hetoldmethatthegreatinventorwasbornin1884.2.如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的79Practice:Changethefollowingsentences

intoreportedspeech.

1‘Ihaven’tbroughtmydictionary,’thestudentsaid.2Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’3Myfathersaidtome,‘Iamreadingthebook.’Thestudentsaidthat

hehadn’t

broughthisdictionary.Tomtoldthemthat

hewould

getexcited.Myfathertoldmethat

hewasreadingthebook.Practice:Changethefollowing80DirectspeechReportedspeechnowthentodaythatday/yesterday/on

Wednesday,etc.tonightthatnighttomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday/onThursdayyesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday/on

Tuesday,etcnextmonththemonthafter/thefollowingmonth/in

July,etcaweekagoaweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.nextweekthenextweek3.时间状语的变化

DirectspeechReportedspeechno814.地点状语的变化

地点状语herethere4.地点状语的变化

地点状语herethere82练习：（时间状语和地点状语的改变）e.g.Tomsaid,‘Iamworking

heretoday.’Tomsaidhewasworking

therethatday.练习：83直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose5.指示代词直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthat5.指示代词84动词comego6.方向性动词的变化动词comego6.方向性动词的变化85Readtheadvertisementandcompletetheletteronpage9.Answers:1._______2._______3._________4._______5._______6._________7._______8._______9.________10.______waswouldbehadreadthatwouldhadthoughtthatwouldthoseherReadtheadvertisementandcom86各种句型的变化陈述句疑问句祈使句一般疑问句特殊疑问句各种句型的变化陈述句疑问句祈使句一般疑问句特殊疑问句871当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导。主语+(said)+that+句子(时态往过去推)toldsb.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

1当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)引导。The88除了say

和tell外，还有其它的主句引述词:adviseexplaininsistpromiseannouncesuggestwarn·‘PSAsareoftenplacedforfree,’thewritersaid.

Thewriterexplained

thatPSAsareoftenplacedfor

free.除了say和tell外，还有其它的主句引述词:advi892.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。

1）一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否）引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陈述语序疑问语序2.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要陈述语序90如何把一般疑问句的疑问语序变成陈述语序？·（助动词do/does/did要去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）如何把一般疑问句的疑问语序变成陈述语序？91

·

Hesaid，“areyouinterestedinEnglish？”

Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasinterestedinEnglish.·Sheaskedhermother,“CanIgoshoppingwithyou?”

Sheaskedhermotherif/whethershecouldgoshoppingwithher.译林英语必修四Unit1GrammarandUsage课件92·Sheaskedme,‘Areyouthehappiestpersoninyourfamily?’

Sheaskedme

whether/if

Iwasthehappiestpersoninmyfamily.·Heaskedme,“WillyouhaveatestonThursday?”

Heaskedme

if/whether

IwouldhaveatestonThursday.·Sheaskedme,‘Areyoutheh93e.g.MattaskedAnn,‘DoesJasondeservetheaward?’

MattaskedAnnwhether/ifJasondeservedtheaward.e.g.MattaskedAnn,‘DoesJas942)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy

wherehelived.

Fatheraskedhissonwherehewas

going疑问语序陈述语序疑问语序陈述语序2)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问95e.g.Sheaskedme,‘Whenwilltheadvertisementsbeonair?’

Sheaskedme

when

theadvertisementswouldbeonair.e.g.Sheaskedme,‘Whenwill96“Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonbooks?”heaskedme.

HeaskedmehowmuchmoneyIspentonbooks.“Whatisyouruncle?”heaskedme. Heaskedmewhatmyunclewas.译林英语必修四Unit1GrammarandUsage课件97e.g.‘Wheredidyoufindtheadvertisementsforjobsabroad?’Billasked.

Billasked

where

Ihadfoundtheadvertisementsforjobsabroad.e.g.‘Wheredidyoufindthea983.转述祈使句时，我们使用tellask

order

advisesuggest等)

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.”句型

。Eg.‘Don’tworry,Peter,’Tomsaid.Tomasked

Peter

not

toworry.‘verb(not)sb.todosth3.转述祈使句时，我们使用sb

(not)

to

do

s99例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”→Theteacheraskedthestudentstostoptalking.2.Theteachersaidtous,“Don’tplayinclass.”

→Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

例如:100·‘Goandseeadoctorafterclass,’myteachersaidtome.

Myteacher

advisedmetogoandsee

adoctorafterclass.·‘Goandseeadoctorafterc101e.g.Thecandidatesaidtothemanager,‘Pleasegivemefiveminutesforpreparation.’

Thecandidate

askedthemanagertogive

himfiveminutesforpreparation.e.g.Thecandidatesaidtothe102Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet.”

Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.Mymothersaidtome,“Pleasecomeandhelpme.”

Mymotheraskedmetogoandhelpher.Thepolicemansaidtothechil103

Thereareotherverbsthatcanbeusedinthisstructuretoreportimperativesentences:adviseencourageinviterecommendwarne.g.‘Don’tbelieveeveryadvertisementyouread,’Michellesaidtome.MichelleadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadvertisementIread.Thereareotherverbsthatca104Answers:2.WangQin__________________________________________________________.3.LuKai_____________________________________________________________.askedhowitcouldhelphimrememberEnglishwords.askedwhether/ifittaughtlistening

andspeakingKeytoExerciseAAnswers:askedhowitcouldhel1054.LiuFang__________________________________________________________.5.GuJin___________________________.askedwhatthedesignerwoulddoifshewasnotsatisfiedwiththesoftwareaskedwhether/ifitwaseasytouse4.LiuFang__________________106Answers:2.Theexpertencouragesusto_________________________________.3.Theexpertrecommendsthat________________________________.useinteresting

andattractivephotoswe(should)useeye-catchinglogosKeytoExerciseBAnswers:useinterestingandat1074.Theexpertsuggeststhat________________________________________.5.Theexperttellsusto___________________________________________.we(should)maketheslogansshortandeasytoremembermakegooduseofcolourstoattractpeople’sattention4.Theexpertsuggeststhat__108把下列句子改为间接引语“Idon’tthinkIwillbeabletofinishitintime,”Mikesaid.“It’sthemostinterestingfilm