新视野大学英语第三版第一册第一单元

Unit1bookl3rdTowardaBrightFutureforAllI.Newwordspledge[pleds]n.保证,誓言vt.保证,许诺;keephispledgeAtthismoment,inthiselection,wemustpledgeoncemoretomarchintothefuture.在这ー时刻,在这次选举中,我们必须再一次保证,向未来挺进。posevt.&vi..使摆姿势;以…身份出现;招摇;炫耀.提出;造成（威胁、问题等）;引起;产生n.姿态;姿势;装腔作势;伪装Aftertheweddingweallposedforaphoto.工人运动对他们的利益造成了直接威胁。Theworkers'movementposesadirectthreattotheirinterests.routine[ru'tin]n.[if]程序;日常工作;例行公事adj.日常的；例行的早上8点到办公室,一直呆到下午5点,这已经成了我的惯例。Arrivingattheofficeat8a.m.andstayingthereuntil5p.m.hasbecomemyroutine.Theproblemwasdiscoveredduringaroutinecheck.例行检查tain：holdattainv获得（at加强动作+tain-・拿住了f获得）attainablea可达到的（attain+ableー获得attainmentn成就,造诣（attain获得+mentー获得的成就）同根词containv包含,包容（con全部+tainf全部拿住f包容）obtainv获得,达到（ob加强动作+tain-拿到f获得）retainv维持,保留（re回+tair）f拿回来保留）sustainv支持;赡养（sus下面+tain〜在下面拿住[撑住]f支持）entertainv招待;娱乐（enter在中间+tain-＞在[工作]中间拿）entertainment娱乐,款待maintainv维持;坚持（main[=man手]+tainー用手拿住坚持）maintenancen维护;坚持comprehensiveadj,综合的;广泛的;有理解力的comprehensiveevaluation综合评价,综合评价法comprehensiveanalysis综合分析fascinatingfascinate[*faesineit]vt..（用个人的魅力、独特的能力等等）迷住；使着迷；使陶醉,使神魂颠倒:Theactress'sbeautyfascinatedeveryone..使呆住,慑住…使动弹不得;蛊惑:Snakesaresaidtofascinatesmallanimals.据说蛇能蛊惑小动物。afascinatingtripPursue[pe'sju]vt.继续;从事;追赶;纠缠他想工作两年以后再去读学士学位。Hewantedtopursueabachelor'sdegreeafterworkingfortwoyears.Thepolicearepursuinganescapedprisoner.警方正在追捕一名越狱逃犯。pursuitn.overwhelm[aova'welm]vt.淹没;压倒;受打击;覆盖;压垮Floodoverwhelmedthecity. 洪水淹没了那座城市。Iwasoverwhelmedbysuchatemptation. 我经受不住那样的诱惑。beoverwhelmedby受不起,被征服,震撼beoverwhelmedwith淹没于Mysoulisoverwhelmedwithsorrowtothepointofdeath.我心里甚是忧伤,几乎要死Peoplewereoverwhelmedwithamazement."Hehasdoneeverythingwell,"theysaid."Heevenmakesthedeafhearandthemutespeak."分タト好奇availableadj.可获得的;可购得的;可找到的;有空的Wemustutilizeallavailableresources.我们必须利用可以得到的一切资源。Wehaveasingleroomavailable.我们有一间单人房间可以租（给你）。MrLeachisonholidayandwasnotavailableforcomment.利奇先生休假了,不方便作出评论。sample英['sa:mpl]美[saempl]n.样品;标本,榜样;（化验的）取样;vt.取…的样品,尤指用样品来检验;品尝;抽样调查Wesampledaselectionofdifferentbottledwaters.我们品尝了一系列不同品牌的瓶装水。We'regivingaway2000freesamples, 我们正免费发放2,000份样品。assume英@sjum］美［a'sum］vt.假定IassumethateverycollegestudenthasaccesstotheInternet.我以为每个大学生都可以使用互联网。virtual英［,V3：tjual］美［V3：rtjual］adj.［计］虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的（但未在名义上或正式获承认）Uptofourplayerscancompeteinavirtualworldofroleplaying.Heclaimedtobeavirtualprisonerinhisownhome.yield［ji：ld］vt.屈服;出产,产生;放弃n.产量；收益我们绝不会向征服者屈服。Weshallneveryieldtoaconqueror.Insteadofhighyield,however,theygotwaterandairpollution.transmittrans•表示“变换,改变,转移”transplant移植（trans+plant种f转移过去ー移植）transmit传送,传播（trans+mit送横着送消息ー传播）transformTransfertransmitMiss,mit=send,cast,表示“送,放出”commitv委托;委任（com共同+mitf共同送f委任）submitv使屈服;提出（sub下面+mitf送下去ー屈服）permitv许可,允许（per始终+mitf始终放出来ー许可）omitv省去,略去（〇出+mit—送出一省略）admitv许可入学等;承认（ad+mitf送来ー许可进入）Textstructure:（structuredwriting）Thepassagecanbedividedinto3parts.para.1-3）Openingpartofthewelcomespeech（para.4-7）Makingthebestofwhatyouhave.Challengingyourself.Facingnewexperiences.Opportunitiesandresponsibilities.（Para.8）Concludingremarksofthewelcomespeech.Detailedstudyofthetext.Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.句型1.Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.（Para.1）Meaning:Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparents'andteachers'hardwork..Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.（Para.2）Meaning:WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.Remindsb.ofsb./sth.makesb.remembersb.thattheyknoworsththathappenedinthepast.ThesongalwaysremindsmeofourholidayinMexico..Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents'reminderstoworkhard***Reminder:n.sththatmakesyounotice,remember;orthinkaboutsth.Thecoldservedasareminderthatwinterwasn'tquitefinished.寒冷的天气提醒人们冬天还没有过去。.Youhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithyourlaundry!FiguresofspeechInaspeech,thespeakercanemployavarietyoffiguresofspeechtomakehisspeechvividandpowerful,suchassimile,metaphor,contrast,parallelismandrepetition,parallelismInparallelism,coordinateideasarearrangedinwords,phrases,sentencesandparagraphstoemphasizeandpointoutrelations.Parallelstructurecanmakeaspeechpowerful,persuasiveandthought-provoking.Moreexamples:Ihaveadreamthatmyfourchildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted（尊贵的）,everyhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrooked（弯曲的）placeswillbemadestraight,andthegloryoftheLordshallberevealed,andfleshshallseeittogether.我梦想有一天,我的四个孩子将生活在ー个不是以皮肤的颜色,而是以品格的优劣作为评判标准的国家。我梦想有一天,深谷弥合,高山夷平,歧路化坦途,曲径成通衢,上帝的光华再现,普天下生灵共谒。Ifhedid,IamsorryInevertoldhim（我是多么对不起他,我是个多么不孝敬的儿子,我是多么后悔） howsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,how\regretteditIthinkofthem（每当我因为ー些琐事而怨天尤人的时候,每当我嫉妒别人运气比我好的时候,每当我没有一颗“好心"的时候）whenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanother'sgoodfortune,whenIdon'thaveaagoodheartn6.Butknowthis：Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.(Para.3)Meaning:Butyoushouldknowthatyourfuturesuccesscanonlybeattainedwhenitisbuiltonasolidpast.7.Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.(Para.4)Meaning:Foryou,thenextfouryearsinuniversitywillbedifferentfromanyotherperiodoftimeinyourlife.8.Youwilllearntogetbyverylittlesleep,...getby:过得去,勉强对付Hecangetbywithhisoldovercoatthiswinter.今年冬天他可以靠那件旧大衣勉强对付过去。9.makethemostof充分利用Youonlyhaveoneridethroughlifesomakethemostofitandenjoyit.生命是条单行道,你只能走ー次,所以好好利用,并且享受它吧。10.reapthebenefits受益,得享好处Keeponreadingextensively,andyouwillreapthebenefitssoonerorlater.继续广泛阅读,你会受益的。11.Youmayfeeloverwhelmedbythewealthofcoursesavailabletoyou.(Para.5)Meaning:Whenfacingthelargenumberofcoursesthatyoucantakeatcollege,youmaynotknowhowtochoose.feeloverwhelmedby.不知所措Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplefeeloverwhelmedbythefiercecompetitioninthejobmarket.现如今,激烈的竞争让许多年轻人不知所措。12.Youwillnotbeabletoexperiencethemall,butsamplethemwidely!(Para.5)Meaning:Youwillnotbeabletotakeallthecourses,buttryasmanydifferentcoursesaspossibletoseewhattheyarelike.13.IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceaboutselectingcourses,itwouldbethis:Challengeyourself!句型314.inadvance开会时间如有变,请提前告诉我们。Ifthere is anychangeabout thetimeofthemeeting,pleasenotifyusinadvance.15.standachanceof有机会,有希望在这种极端天气下动物很难存活。Animalsstandlittlechanceofsurvivalundersuchextremeweather.16.Awonderfulexampleofthisisthefashiondesigner;VeraWang,whooriginallystudiedarthistory.句型417.Overtime,Wangpairedherstudiesinarthistorywithherloveoffashionandturneditintoapassionfordesign,which...Meaning:Gradually,Wangcombinedherstudiesinatrhistorywithherloveoffashionanddevelopeditintoapassionfordesign,...overtime:gradually不管是好是坏,事情慢慢都是要变的。Forgoodorbad,thingswillchangeovertime.pair:vt.puttwopeopleorthingstogether使成对,配对要是用高跟鞋来配这条连衣裙,你看上去就棒极了。Youwilllookwonderfulifyoupairthisdresswithhighheels.turn(sb./sth.)intosth.好莱坞发现了她,并把她变成了明星。Hollywooddiscoveredherandturnedherintoastar.18.allatonce:1)atthesametime她同时有两个项目要做,三个班级要教,还有一个婴儿要照顾。Shehadtwoprojectsathand,threeclassestoteach,andababytotakecareofallatonce.2)suddenlyandunexpectedly突然传来重重的敲门声。Allatoncetherewasaloudbangingonthedoor.19.earlybird:1)n.(infml)sb.whogetsupearlyinthemorningMymomisanearlybird shealwaysgetsupat5inthemorning.2)sb.whoarrivessomewhereordoessth.beforeotherpeople早至リ的人,捷足先登者Godowntothestoreasearlyasyoucanbecauseitistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.Ifyougetthereby10o'clock,thebeststuffwillhavebeensoldout.nightowl:[C](infml)夜猫子20.outweigh:vt.bemoreimportantorvaluablethansth.else这个新政策利大于弊。Theadvantagesofthenewpolicyoutweighthedisadvantages.21.So,withaglowinyoureyeandasonginyourheart,stepforwardtomeetthesenewexperiences!(Para.6)Meaning:Therefore,withtheexcitementandenthusiasmthatIknowyoumusthaveinyourheart,Iencourageyoutogoforwardfromhereandfacethisnewpartofyourlife!22.Wehaveconfidencethatyourjourneytoward...morethanpersonaladvancement.Meaning:Wefirmlybelievethatthiseducationalprocesswillhelpyoulearnagreatdealaboutyourself.Anditwillhelpyoufindyourownpassion.Thiswillnotonlybringaboutpersonaladvancement,butalsohelpyoubecomeacompleteperson.23.Webelievethatasyoubecomemembersourcommunityofscholars,youwillsooncometorealizethatwiththeabundantopportunitiesforself-enrichmentprovidedbytheuniversity,therealsocomeresponsibilities.Meaning:Webelievethatonceyoujoinourgroupofscholars,youwillsooncometorealizethatwhiletheuniversityoffersyousomanychancesforpersonaldevelopment,therecomedutiesaswell.24.Awisemansaid:Z/Educationissimplythesoulofasocietyasitpassesfromonegenerationtoanother/(Para.7)Meaning:Awisemansaidthateducationistrulythespiritandheartofasocietybecauseitpassesfromgenerationtogeneration.25.Nowitisyourturn.(Para.7)Meaning:Nowitistimeforyoutoacquireknowledgeandpassiton.26.Wetakegreatpleasureinopeningthedoortothisgreatstepinyourjourney.Wetakedelightinthemanyopportunitieswhichyouwillfind,andintheresponsibilitiesthatyouwillcarryascitizensofyourcommunities,yourcountry,andtheworld.(Para.8)Meaning:Weareveryhappytoopenthedoortothisnextgreatstepinyourjourney.Wearedelightedthatyouwillfindmanydifferentopportunitiesandmanyresponsibilities,whichyouwillshoulderascitizensofyourcommunities,yourcountry,andtheworld.takepleasureindoingsth.乐于做某事他总是乐于向周围的人伸出援助之手。Healwaystakesgreatpleasureinlendingahelpinghandtopeoplearoundhim.openthedoortosth.打开方便之门这些实用的建议为你更好地与父母交流敞开方便之门。Theseusefulsuggestionsopenthedoortobettercommunicationwithyourparents.IVTypicalpatterns:Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。As...,sb.isproud/happy/sorry/sad...todosth.用于表达“某人在特定身份下做某事的感受”。应用:作为一名来自灾区的学生代表,我非常感激社会各界对我们的关爱与帮助!Asastudentrepresentativefromthedisaster-hitarea,rmverygratefultothepeopleofallwalksoflifefortheircareandhelp!Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。Indoingsth,sb.isremindedofsth,用于表达“某事引起的回忆”。应用:第一次给这么多人做演讲时,我想起我的英语老师给我的鼓励和建议。Inmakingmyspeechinfrontofalargeaudience,I'mremindedoftheencouragementandadvicefrommyEnglishteacher.IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceaboutselectingcourses,itwouldbethis:Challengeyourself!如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!Ifsb.couldgivesb.elseonlyonepieceofadviceabout...,itwouldbethis:Dosth.!用于表达“某人认定的最为重要的建议ニ应用:如果让我给你一条如何应对大学挑战的建议,那就是:相信自己!IfIcouldgiveyouonlyonepieceofadviceabouthowtocopewiththecollegechallenges,itwouldbethis:Believeinyourself!Awonderfulexampleofthisisthefashiondesigner,VeraWang,whooriginallystudiedarthistory.Awonderfulexampleofthisissb.who.../sth.that…用于列举“最典型的事例”。应用：有些人没有大学文凭也获得了成功。ー个绝佳的例子就是微软公司创始人比尔•盖茨,他在大三时就从哈佛退学了。Somepeopleachievedgreatsuccesseventhoughtheydidnothavecollegediplomas.AwonderfulexampleofthisisthefounderofMicrosoft,BillGates,whodroppedoutofHarvardinhisjunioryear.V.Translation1.SocrateswasaclassicalGreekphilosopherwhoiscreditedwithlayingthefundamentals（基础）ofmodernWesternphilosophy.Heisamysteriousfigureknownchieflythroughtheaccountsoflaterclassicalwriters,especiallythewritingsofhismostfamousstudentPlato.Socrateshasbecomewellknownforhiscontributiontothefieldofethics.Hismethodofteaching,knownastheSocraticMethod,byaskingandansweringquestionstostimulatecriticalthinkingandtoexplainideasremainsacommonlyusedtoolinawiderangeofdiscussions.Healsomadeimportantandlastingcontributionstothefieldofepistemology（认识论）andlogic,andtheinfluenceofhisideasandapproachremainsastrongfoundationforWesternphilosophythatfollowed.Socrateswasthemostcolorfulfigureinthehistoryo