新视野大学英语4第二版听说教程听力原文答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）听说教程第四册录音文本UnitlWarmingupM:You'retellingmethatyou'dratherbefamousthanberespectedasagoodperson?W:Well,Idon'tknow.It'sjustthatIseeallthesefamouspeopleonTV,and,well,it'shardnottowantthesamethingformyself一attention,lovefrommillionsofpeople...M:Love?Doyouthinkpeopleactuallylovecelebrities?Idon'tthinkso!Thepublicenjoyswatchingfamouspeoplegetintotroubleevenmorethantheylikewatchingthemsucceed.Besides,beingafamouspersonmeansneverhavingtimetoyourself一appearingbeforecrowds,havingpeoplefollowyouaround24-7.Believeme,itisn'tfun.W:Vbutalkasifyouknowsomethingaboutcelebrity.Wereyoueverfamous?M:Vbuknowtheoldsaying,"Everyonehashis15minutesoffame"?Well,Iexpecttohavemy15minutessomeday.ButIdon'texpecttolikeitShortconversationW:Vbudon'treallyseeminterestedinpaintingpictures,sowhydidyouapplytothisartprogram?M:lbbehonest,Ithoughtthatthroughart,Icouldbecomefamous.Prettystupid,huh?Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromthisconversation?2.W:Youhaveeverythingyoueverwanted!Butwhydoyoulooksoblue?M:Ah,man,Idiscoveredthatallthosethings-money,fame,andthelot-areallempty.Andintryingtogetthem,Iignoredmyart.Q:Whyisthemannothappy?3.W:Hey,Marty.What'sthematter,pal?Whenyoufirststartedwriting,youdidsomuchbetterwork.Areyouboredorsomething?M:Iknowmyworkissuffering,butIdon'tknowthereason.Idon'tseemsointerestedanymore.Maybe,asyousaid,Iambored.Whoknows?Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?4.W:Isittruewhattheysayaboutthedirector?Doeshereallyworkforart,notforfame?M:That'swhatpeoplesay,andI'minclinedtobelievethem.Hecertainlyhasn'tsoldouttothecheapfilmcompanies.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?W:What'sontheschedulefortonight'sshow?SomethingFmlikelytoenjoy?M:Mumightlikeit-astoryaboutadancerwhosellshissoultobecomefamousandthenloseshisfriends,family,andeverythingimportant.Q:Whatistonight'sshowabout?W:Isn'tthatthemanwhowonanAcademyAwardforhiscartoonartwork?M:What?Thattramp?Hey,youknow,Ithinkyou'reright.Man,whathappenedtohim?Hewasreallyfamous!Q:Whathappenedtotheartistatlast?W:Look!Look!Look!Lookatme,Dad!I'vedoneit!Success,money,popularity...TheworidisatthetipofmyfingersandIfeellikeaqueen!M:Sweetheart,Ithinkyouneedtocooldownabit.Don'tletallofthissuccessgotoyourhead.Q:Whathashappenedtothewoman?W:Getagriponyourself!Don'tyoudarequityourjob!\bureallythinkyoucansucceedasanactor?Doyoureallythinkyoucanbecomefamous?M:Idon'tthinkIneedtobefamoustosucceed.FmsureIcangetworkasanextraandthenmaybemoveontomoreinterestingroles.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?M:Hey,you!Watchout!Where*syourhead?Walkinginfrontofcarslikethat?W:Huh?Ah!Oh!Sorry,Imean...thanks.Ijustreceivedwordfrommyagentthatmybookistobepublished.Isn'titwonderful?SorryIwasdaydreamingaboutthefametocomeandforgottolookatthetraffic.Q:Whereistheconversationtakingplace?W:Thanksforcomingin.Ilovedyourwork,butIwishitlookedmorelikeyourpreviouspieces.M:God!Iknewit!Complaintsfrommyteacher,mymother...evenmydoctor!Andnow,myboss?SinceIbecamefamous,noonewillletmechange!

Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?LongconversationsM:There*sonlyonethinginlifeworsethanbeingtalkedabout,andthafsnotbeingtalkedabout.W:ThatwassaidbyOscarWilde,wasn,tit?M:Thafsright.Vbu'reprettysmart.W:Ihavemymoments.ButPmafraidthatIwon'trememberanythingelseforyourtesttomorrow.M:Well,let'shavearun-through.First,whatcanyourememberaboutWilde?W:Thebasics,obviously-British,19thcenturywriterHewasgay,wasn'the?M:That'sright.Andheactuallywenttojailforit.W:Why?Theremust*vebeenmanygaysinEnglandatthetime.Whywashesingledouttobeputinprison?Or,weretheEnglishthrowingallgaysinjail?M:No,noteveryone.ButthingsweredifferentforWilde.Afamousperson,likehim,isn'tfreetodowhathelikes.Peoplepaidmoreattentiontohisactions.Therewerereporters,andeverythingthathesaidanddidwaswatchedcarefully.W:Yeah?Itmight'vebeenbetterforhimifhewasn'tfamous.M:Maybe.But,thenagain,ifhewasn'twell-known,wemightnothavehiswonderfulstoriestoday.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?WhatdidOscarWildesay?Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?WhywasOscarWildetreateddifferently?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?PassageYouyoungpeoplegocrazyoverfamouspeople.WillyoulistentomewhenItellyouyourgenerationiswrongaboutthis?Letmeuseanexampletoillustratemypointtoyou.MarilynMonroe,youmightnotevenknowwhosheis.Backinmyday,whenIwasyourage,shewasabigmoviestar.Butshewasn'tbornamoviestar,nosir.ShewasasimplegirlwithbeautyandinnocenceuntilshewenttoHollywoodtomakemovies.That'sright.Insteadoflivingoutasimplelifeofintegrityandhardworkortryingtodeveloparespectablenameinherprofession,shesoughtfame.Well,riltellyou,shegotherwish.Shemadehermovies—AHAboutEvein1950,GentlemenPreferBlondesin1953,SomeLikeItHotin1959,andmore.Shegotintotroublethroughout-drugs,abuseAllofthiscamecrashingdownonherhead,andshediedatanearlyagein1962.Sad,really.Ihopethatthisexampleshowsyouthedangersoffame.Believeme,it'sbestjusttoliveasimplelife.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?WhatisTRUEaccordingtowhatyouhear?WhydidMonroegotoHollywood?WhenwasSomeLikeItHotmade?Whyisthespeakertellingthisstory?Taskl第12页

W:Howimportantarefriendstoyou.Bill?M:Thafskindofastrangequestionforthissetting,don'tyouthinkso?W:Well,theteacherhasn'tcomeinyet,classhasn'tbegun,andIwasjustwonderingaboutit.So,whatdoyouthinkaboutfriends?M:I'veneverregardedthemasparticularlyimportant.Perhapsthat'sbecauseIcomefromabigfamily-twobrothersandthreesisters,andlotsofcousins.That'swhat'srealtyimportanttome.Whataboutyou,Emma?W:Mysituation,youknow,isdifferent,soIhavedifferentideas,lbmefriendship...havingfriends...peopleIknowIcanreallycounton...tomethat'sthemostimportantthinginlife.It'smoreimportanteventhanJove.Ifyoulovesomeone,youcanalwaysfalloutofloveagain,andthatcanleadtoalotofhurtfeelingsandbitterness.Butagoodfriendisafriendforlife.M:Inmymind,afriendissomeonewholikesthesamethingsasyoudo,withwhomyoucanarguewithoutlosingyourtemper,evenifyoudon'talwaysagreewithhim.Questions1to5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Whathasthemanalwaysthought?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutfriends?Whereistheconversationtakingplace?Task2第13页Attheageof41,ClarkGable,oneofHollywood'sbiggestactors,enlistedinthearmy,servinginWorldWarII.Gable'spostwarfilmswere,forthemostpart,disappointing,aswashis1949marriage.Droppedbybothhiswifeandhisstudio,Gableventuredoutasafreelanceactorin1955,quicklybecomingthehighestpaidactorinHollywood.HeagainfoundhappinesswithhisfifthwifeandcontinuedhiscareerinsuchcriticalfailuresasTeacher'sPet,releasedin1958.In1960,Gablewassignedforthe"modem"Western,TheMisfits.Thetroubledandtragichistoryofthisfilmhasbeenwelldocumented,but,despitetheon-settension,Gabletookonthetaskuncomplainingly,goingsofarastoperformseveralgruelingstuntscenesinvolvingwildhorses.Thestrainoffilming,however,coupledwithhisever-robustlifestyle,provedtoomuchfortheactor.ClarkGablesufferedaheartattacktwodaysafterthecompletionofTheMisfitsanddiedin1960attheageof59,justafewmonthsbeforethebirthofhisfirstson.Mostofthenation'snewspapersannouncedthedeathofClarkGablewithafour-wordheadline:"TheKingisDead."Questions1to5arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatisthispassageabout?WhendidGablebecomeafreelanceactor?WhatcanweknowaboutGablefromthepassage?Whatisdescribedasbeing"tragic"inthepassage?Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Unit2WarmingupM:Ladiesandgentlemen,novelistandpoet,SandraMarie...W:Thankyou,thankyou...M:Thankyouforjoiningus.W:It'sapleasuretobehere.Vbuknow,Iwatchyourshoweveryday.M:Doyoureally?Well,thesedaystherearemanypeoplewatchingyou.W:Yes,Tvegottenalotofattentionlately-that'strue-allbecauseofmylittlebook.M:Oh...don'tbemodest!Yourbookisamazinglybold,oneofthemostoriginalpiecesoffictionFveeverread.W:Originalityisimportant,forsure.Infact,Ithinkitisthemostimportantpartofbeingacreativeperson.Surely,itdoesn'tmakemuchsensetowritesomething,ordosomething,thathasbeendonebeforeoreventhatissimilarinstyletoanythingelsealreadyputoutthere.M:Wellput!Thankyou!SandraMarie...everybody1Shortconversations1.W:Idon'tquiteunderstandwhatmadeCharlieChaplinsuchapopularmoviestar.M:Serious?Lookathisworkandcompareittootherfilmsofthetime.Hewassooriginalthatpeoplewerereallysurprisedbyhisfilms.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?2.W:MydramateachersaidChaplinisanexcellentmodelforayoungactortopatternhimselfon.M:Fdbehard-pressedtoarguewiththat.Theguywasinnovativeandpossessedsuchacreativemind.Wah.trytobelikehim.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?3.W:I'vegivensomethoughttoenteringpoliticswhenIgetolder-youknow,maybeworkingbehindthescenestohelpsomeonegetapositioningovernment.M:Whynotrunforofficeyourself?Areyouafraidofstandingoutasafemalepolitician?Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?4.W:Iadmireher,notbecauseshe'sawomaninthetough,maleworldofinternationalpolitics,butbecauseshe'ssohonest.M:Vfeah,Ifeelthesameway.Certainly,therearen'tmanypeopleastruetotheirwordassheis.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthepolitician?W:Vbuknow,ourfamilyisreallyspecial.Manyofourancestorsarerememberedasgreatinventorsandscientistswhocontributednewideastosociety.M:Vbs,that'swhatI'vealsoheardfromUncleMarty.Hesaidourfamilytreewasfullofgeniuses.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?W:DidyouseewhatImade?It'salightbulbthat'llneverbumout.M:That'samazing!Athinglikethatcouldmakeyoufamous.Vbushouldcontactapatentofficeassoonaspossibleandregisteraclaim!Q:Whatwillmakethewomanfamous?W:Nomatterwhatapersonsaysaboutme,noonecansaythatTmnotoriginal.M:Forsure,that'sonecriticismthatnoonewillhityouwith.Vburartworkisdefinitelyunique.AndIthinkthat'sreallyimportant.Q:Accordingtotheman,whatshouldbevaluedaboveallelse?W:Whatdoyouthink?Isitdangeroustobeunlikeotherpeoplesometimes?M:Nah.Ithinkit'smoredangeroustobesimilartoothers-that'swhenyouruntheriskofbecominginsignificantandforgotten.Q:Accordingtotheman,whatisdangerous?M:IsupposeIcould'vebeensuccessfulbybeinglikeotherpeople,butIfeltthatIshouldexpressmyownoriginalideas.AndIthinkthisisalessonyoushouldlearn.W:Masaysthesamethingabouthersuccess.Iguessthinkingthesameaboutthatiswhatfirstbroughtyoutwotogether?Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?10.W:I'mnotsayingthatyourworkispoor,justthatitlacksimagination.Ybuhaven'tdoneanythingtosetyourselfapartfromyourclassmates.M:Ifmyassignmentslooksomuchlikeothers,whydoyougivemelowergradesthanyougivethem?Q:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?LongconversationsM:Lookatyou,alldressedupinabowlerhat,lookingalldapperlikeCharlieChaplin.It'snotHalloween,though.Areyougoingtoleavethehouselookinglikethat?W:WouldyoubelievethatTmgoingtoaparty?M:Iftherewasapartytonight,Iwould'veheardaboutitbynow.Sowhat'sthedeal?W:I'mauditioningforafilm.Ithought,well,thislookworkedwellforChaplin.M:Soyouthoughtit'dworkforyou.Idon'tthinkmuchofthatidea.W:Whynot?ChaplingotalotofsuccessbecauseofhisLittleTrampcostume.AndI'vecopieditexactly.M:Chaplindidverywell-butthat'sbecausethelookwasoriginal.Hedidn'tcopyanyoneinHollywood.W:Butlook,Fmawoman,awomandressedlikeChaplin.That'soriginal,isn'tit?M:I'mafraidnot.FmprettysurethatFveseenotherwomendothesamething.IfyoureallywanttosucceedlikeChaplindid,youshoulddowhathedid.Trytoinventanddevelopsomethingpeoplehaven'tseenbefore.W:Iguessyou'reright.Filgobackuptomyroomandchange.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?WhyisthewomandressedlikeChaplin?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Besides"beoriginal",whatadvicedoesthemanhaveforthewoman?Whereistheconversationtakingplace?PassageSomepeoplestandoutastrulyspecialandoneofakind.CharlieChaplin,asuperstarofsilentcomediesandoneofthegreaticonsofthe20th-centuryfilm,isoneofthoseuniquepeople.Chaplinhadarottenchildhoodandanearlystartonstage,performingevenasachildinvaudeville.HewenttoHollywoodin1914andbeganactinginsilentcomedies.By1915,hecontrolledmostaspectsofhisfilms,inwhichheusuallyappearedasacharactercalledsimplythe"LittleTramp":alovablyshabbydreamerwithabushymoustache,bowlerhatandcane.ChaplinwasoneofthefoundersofUnitedArtistsStudiosandwasoneofthefirstmoviemakerstohavecompletecontroloverhisfeatures.Hisbest-knownfilmsinclude1925'sTheGoldRush,1931'sCityLights,and1936'sModemTimes.Famouslyoutspokenandsympathetictocommunism,ChaplinlefttheUnitedStatesin1952becauseofincreasedpoliticalpressure.HesettledinSwitzerland,whereheandhiswifeOonaraisedeightchildren,includingactressGeraldineChaplin.In1972hereturnedtotheUnitedStatestoacceptaspecialOscar,andin1975,hewasknightedbyQueenElizabethII.Whatisthispassageabout?WhatdidChaplindowhenhewenttoHollywood?Whatdidthe"LittleTramp"looklike?Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?WhendidtheQueenmakeChaplinaknight?HomeworkTaskl第29页W:MyfriendshavecomparedmyfilmtothebestofOrsonWelles'works.Howcanyoucriticizeit?M:You...Welles?I,well,um,Iappreciateyourconfidenceinyourself.ButyoudoknowwhoWelleswas,right?W:Nah.Idon'twatchfilmsbyBritishdirectors.M:Vbureallydon'tknowwhoWelleswasatall!WelleswasAmerican!Doyouevenpayattentiontomylectures?W:Idon'tlistentopeopletalkaboutfilms;Imakefilms.Tmadoer.M:Vbureallyhavetopayattentionfromnowon.Wellesfirstbecamefamousontheradio,especiallyforhisreadingofWaroftheWorldsin1938.Threeyearslater,hemadehisfirstmovie,CitizenKane,in1941.OtherfilmsofhisincludeTheMagnificentAmbersonsin1942andTheLadyFromShanghaiin1948.PeopleconsiderKanetobehisbestfilm.W:Thatmustbetheonethatlookslikemyfilm.M:Peopleconsideritnotonlyhisbestfilm,butthebestfilminmoviehistory.Doyoureallythinkyourfilmisthatgood?W:Mymomseemstothinkso.Questions1to5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Whydoesn'tthewomanlistentothemanmore?WhenwasCitizenKanemade?Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Task2第30页WhenElvisPresleydiedonAugust16,1977,radioandtelevisionprogramsallovertheworldwereinterruptedtogivethenewsofhisdeath.PresidentCarterwasaskedtodeclareadayofnationalmourning.Eightythousandpeopleattendedhisfuneral.Inthesummerof1953Elvispaidfourdollarsandrecordedtwosongsforhismother'sbirthdayatSamPhillips'SunRecordsStudio.SamPhillipsheardElvisandaskedhimtorecord"That'sAllRight"inJuly,1954.Twentythousandcopiesweresold,mainlyinandaroundMemphis.OnJanuary10,1956,Elvisrecorded"HeartbreakHotel",andamillioncopiesweresold.Inthenextfourteenmonthshemadeanotherfourteenrecords,andtheywereallbighits.In1956healsomadehisfirstfilminHollywood.In1972hiswifelefthim,andtheyweredivorcedinOctober,1973.Elvisdiedfromaheartattackin1977.Hehadbeenabusinghisbodyforseveralyearsbyeatinganddrinkingtoomuchandtakingacocktailofmedicinesandpossiblydrugs.Heleftallhismoneytohisonlydaughter,LisaMariePresley.Shebecameoneoftherichestpeopleintheworldwhenshewasonlynineyearsold.Questions1to5arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?Whywerenewsprogramsinterrupted?Whenwas"HeartbreakHotel"recorded?WhydidElvisPresleydie?TowhomdidElvisgivehismoney?Unti3WarmingupCompletelyblindinoneeye,75%lossofvisionintheother,Icanonlysee10yardsaheadofme,andeventhat,notwell.I'moldandpoor.MyhealthisfailingandIamwrackedbypaininmyjointssothateverymovementistorture.Iftherewereagodofmercy,Iwouldbedeadandburied,freeofmypain.Butno,Ilivestillandmypainisyetwithoutend.HowcouldhellbeworsethanwhatIfacenow?Withmypoorvision,Iseepeople,happypeople,withmoney,strength,andhealth.Sooften,theydonotevenrealizetheirfortune.Neitherdotheyunderstandthattheirveryexistencemakesmyexistenceevenmoreunbearable.ForIwatchthem,andwatchingthemincreasesmymisery.HowIwishIwereoneofthem;howIwishIwereoneoftheluckyones.ShortconversationIW:Ithinkit'sgreatthatthegovernmentisgivingyoumoneyduringthishardtime,butshouldn'tyoudosomethingyourselftogetonyourfeet?M:What?VbuthinkI'mlazy?DItellyouhowhardFmtryingtofindajobQ:Whatdoweknowfromthisconversation?2.M:Accordingtotheserules,youcangetmorewelfaremoneyifyouhavechildren.W:SureIcould.Buthavingchildrenwouldalsocostalotofmoney-soIdon*tseewelfarebenefitsasanincentivetogivingbirth.Besides,Fmhappierbymyself.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?W:Trueenough,themanisblind.Butyou*vegottoadmirewhathe*sdone-startedhisowncompanyandbecomerich.M:Hereallyhasdonealot.Ontopofallthat,he'sareallyniceperson.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout? 1 4.W:HiHoney.Fmsorry,Fvesomereallybadnewstotellyou.Fmafraid.Managementhavemadecuts,andFvelostmyjob.M:Oh,ohdear!That'sterrible.But-youdidn'tlikethatjobverymuchanyway.Maybethisisagoodchancetofindsomethingnew.Don'tgetdown;thinkpositive!Q:Whatdoesthemanthink?5|W:Iwassureyourpatientwouldbedevastatedwhenhewastoldthathewoulddiewithinamonth.Fmreallysurprised.M:Maybeithasn'thithimyet.Whenhehastimetothinkaboutit,he'llprobablybreakdown.Butfornow,yeah,heseemstohavetakenitverywell-he'sverybrave.Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?6.1W:Hey,Ijustnoticedsomething.Theplayer,thatonerightthereinthemiddleofthefield,he'smissingahand.M:Ittookyoulongenoughtonotice.Yeah,he'soneofthetopplayersintheleague.Andlook,heisn'ttheonlyone.Thatoneoverthereisalsomissingahand.Q:Whatarethespeakersdoing?IW:Thisdivorceisreallygettingmedown.AllIthinkaboutthesedaysishowtoenditall.Ijustfeellikedying.M:Don'ttalkthatway,please.Everyonehastroublesatsometimeintheirlives.You'restrongreally,andyou'llgetthroughitjustaslongasyou'repositive.Q:Accordingtotheman,whatshouldthewomando?8.W:Ihopeyoudon'tmindmeasking一butwhat'sitliketonotbeabletosee?Iimagineit'sterrible.M:Actually,Fvebeenblindsincebirth,soIdon'treallyknowwhatfmmissing.And,youknow,itreallyisn'tsobad.Thisisjustnormallifetome.Q:Whydoesn'tthemanfeelbad?9-1M:Giveittomestraight,doctor.WhatamIgoingtohavetotellmymomanddadaboutmycondition?W:IwishIhadbetternewsforyou.Unfortunately,theoperationdidn'tworkaswellaswe'dhoped.Itdoesn'tlookasifwecansaveyourlegs.LetmecallyourparentsinsowecanQ:Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?10.W:Maryisn'tcompletelyblind,just70%.Soshecansee30%ofwhatyouandIcan,andmuchmorethanpoorGeorge.M:Ybah.George,hecanonlyseeabout5%ofwhatwecansee.Ican'timaginewhatitmustbelikeforhim.Q:HowblindisGeorge?LongconversationM:There'sacheckinyourmailboxfromthegovernment.Italmostlookslikeabenefitcheck.W:That'sbecauseitisabenefitcheck.I'vebeengettingbenefitsfromthegovernmentforthelast20orsoyearsonaccountofmycondition.M:Condition?Ididn'tknowanythingwaswrongwithyou.W:Vbu'rekidding,right?We'vebeenfriendsfor30years,andyoudidn'tknowmycondition?M:Isitthatyouhaven'thadajobforthelast25years?W:Ihaven'thadajobin40years,mywholelife-becauseI'mblind!M:Vbu'reblind?Ybunevertoldmethis!W:Ishouldn'thavetotellyou.Youshouldbesmartenoughtoknow!WhydoyouthinkIhaveadogleadingmearoundallthetime?M:Vbu'reananimallover?W:Ugh!WhydoyouthinkIwearsunglassesallthetime?M:Ithoughtyouwerejustbeingcool.|l.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Howlonghavethespeakersbeenfriends?

Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?Whatshouldbeaclearhintofthewoman'scondition?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?PassageWhattodoaboutthepoorandneedyisaconcernofeverygovernment.TheU.S.isnotexemptfromthisconcern,butcareforitspoorhaschangedovertime.UntiltheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,stateandlocalgovernmentsinAmericaboresomeresponsibilityforprovidingassistancetothepoor.However,suchassistancewasminimalatbest.TheNewDealpoliciesofPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltincludednewfederalinitiativestohelpthoseinpoverty.Withmillionsofpeopleunemployedduringthe1930seconomicdepression,welfareassistancewasbeyondthefinancialresourcesofthestates.Therefore,thefederalgovernmentprovidedfundsformaintainingaminimumstandardofliving,eitherdirectlytorecipientsortothestates.Between1935and1996,federalprogramswereestablishedthatprovidedadditionalwelfarebenefits,includingmedicalcare,publichousing,andfoodstamps.Bythe1960s,however,criticismbegantogrowthattheseprogramsdiscouragedpeoplefromfindingemployment.Evendefendersofpublicwelfarebenefitsacknowledgedthatthesystemwasimperfect:notingthefinancialdisincentivesassociatedwithtakingalow-payingjobandlosingthearrayofbenefits,especiallymedicalcare.Whatisthepassageabout?Whatmustallgovernmentsworryabout?Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?WhendidthefederalgovernmentbeginaddingtotheNewDealbenefits?Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?HomeworkTasklM:Hey.Somethingisdifferentaboutyoutoday?Whatisit?W:Yau'venoticedmynewhaircut?M:No.It'ssomethingelse.Now,whatisit?W:Mydog?M:That'sit!Vbudon'thaveyourdogwithyoutoday.Whereishe?W:He'sbeenactingstrangelylately,soIsenthimbacktothedogtrainingschool.M:Ididn'tknowthathewaseverinschool.W:Ofcoursehehasbeentoschool.He'smyeyes,youknow.Hehadtobetaughthowtohelpmefindmyway.M:Willyoubeabletofindyourwaytoclasstodaywithouthim?W:Vbah.Mysisterisjustovertherepayingforsomeshopping.I'mjustwaitingforher.Whenshegetsback,wemightgotoanotherstoreandshe'llhelpmetotheclassroom.She'sabighelp,butIreallymissmydog.M:OK,then.Filseeyoulater.Don'tforget,todayisthedayofthetest.W:Iwon't!Ispenthalfoflastnightdoinghomeworkinpreparationforit.Questions1to5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whohasbeenactingstrangelylately?Whatisthewoman'ssisterdoingduringtheconversation?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Whereistheconversationtakingplace?Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Task2Ifyou'retryingtoreachacompromise,agoodfirststepistodefineyourgoalandencouragetheotherpersontodothesame.Thenshareanyinformationthatmighthelpyoutoreachacompromise.Agoodsecondstepistolistencarefullytotheotherperson'spointofview.Don'tinterrupt.Don'tagreeordisagree.Thiswillnotonlyensurethatyouunderstandherpointofview,butwillalsodemonstratethatyou'rewillingtolistentowhatshehastosay.Next,putasideanypreconceivednotionsyouhaveaboutthe"right"waytoaccomplishyourgoals.Thenforceyourselftothinkofatleastoneotherwaytoaccomplishthemthatincorporatesbothyourideas.Don'tthinkvertically,inotherwords,one-up-one-down,orrm-right-you're-wrong.Thinklaterally,instead-placeherideaandyoursonastraightline,sidebyside,andaddmoreideasassheandyoucomeupwiththem.Vbu'llendupwithTWOgoodideasinthepot-yoursandyourco-worker's.Andwhentworeasonablepeoplearewillingtocompromise,they'relikelytocomeupwithathirdwayofaccomplishinggoals-onethatsatisfiesboth.

Questions1to5arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatisthispassageabout?Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Whatshouldbeputaside?Whatdoesverticalthinkinginvolve?Whatwillbeachievedintheend?Unit4WarmingupLadiesandgentlemen,theplanningcommitteeforthe5thAnnualCommunicationsTechnologyFairwelcomesyou.Wehopeyouwillfindmuchtointerestandinformyouandthatyouwillalsoenjoyyourselves.First,letmeintroducesomeoftheproductsandcompaniesthatwethinkwillbeofparticularinteresttoyou.Intheareaofmediatechnology,theelectronicnewspaperissettochangeourlives.TheXerox'sPaloAltoResearchCenterhasaremarkablenewproductwhichtheirrepresentativesarekeentotalkaboutlaterthismorning.TheworldofentertainmenthasbenefitedbythepresenceinthemarketplaceofVerizon,acompanythatisbringingtogethertheInternetan