虚拟语气-完整版课件

Thesubjunctivemood

虚拟语气单位：哈尔滨市第八中学校作者:胡雨欣

总结：if虚拟条件句

if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形（4+1）英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。

语气虚拟语气的常考形式：

1.if引导的虚拟条件句

2.省略If形成的倒装句

3.虚拟语气在名词性从句

4.情态动词表示虚拟

5.通过语境，判断出虚拟条件insist,order/command,suggest/advise/propose/recommend,desire/demand/require/request/askshoulddo!shoulddo!shoulddo!名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气

一“坚持”(insist),二“命令”(order,command),三“建议”(advise,suggest,propose),四“要求”(ask,demand,require,request,)

+(that)sb(should)do...或是(that)sb/sth(should)bedone

宾语从句我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。Wesuggested___________________.Heinsisted_________________________.Theyrequested(that)Tom

_________________________________.(that)Tomhavearest(that)I

(should)gowithhim(should)besent

toworkthereTheteacherasked(that)ourhomework

_________________________________.(should)befinishedintime2.这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddoItissuggestedthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.Thesuggestiongivenbyourteacheristhatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.Theteachergiveusasuggestion

thatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.2.这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddoItisordered/commanded/suggested/advised/requested/required/demanded…that…(should)doThe/One’sinsistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desire

is/wasthat…(should)doa/thesuggestion

/request(等)

that…(should)do…

主语从句

表语从句

同位语从句3.wish的宾语从句1.wish的宾语从句与现在事实相反:

一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:

过去完成时与将来事实相反:

would/could+V.原

IwishI

_____(be)

astallasYaoMing.wereIwish/wishedI

______(havenot)

eatensomuchwatermelon.hadn’tIwishit

______(will)

raintomorrow.Ifso,Icanstayathometohaveagoodsleep.wouldHewisheshe___________________(become)ascientistsomeday.could/wouldbecome三.虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式:1.wouldrather宁愿，但愿sbdid…与现在或将来情况相反sbhaddone…与过去情况相反Iwouldratheryoureturnedmemymoneynow.

Iwouldratherwehadn’ttoldherthebadnews.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.2.asif/asthough思考：asif/asthough后面的句子是主句还是从句？Hebehavesasifhe______(own)

thehouse.owned1).从句的动作与主句动作同时发生(可以理解成与现在事实相反)Hebehavesasifhe______(be)

theownerofthehouse.wereShetalkedaboutRomeasthoughshe

__________

(be)thereherself.hadbeen2).从句的动作发生在主句动作之前(可以理解成与过去事实相反)Hecoughed(咳嗽)twiceasifsomeonewouldcome.

他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。3).从句的动作发生在主句动作之后(可以理解成与将来事实相反)总结asif/asthough与现在事实相反:

一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:

过去完成时与将来事实相反:

would/could

+

V.原

(了解)

与wish的宾语从句相似3.Itis(high/about)time

(that)“是时候…...(做某事)”

注意:should不能省略．sbdidsbshoulddo是时候采取措施来保护环境了。Itis(high/about)timethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.你该走了。It’s(high/about)timethatyouwent/shouldgo.4.在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气

It’snecessary/strange/natural(自然的,理应如此的)/important…+thatsb(should)do1).Itisimportantthatwe________________(master)aforeignlanguage.2).真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。

It’s_______thatshe_______________tocometotheparty.3).鸟在树上安歇/休息是很自然的。

Itis______thatabird_______________intrees.(should)master(should)refusestrangenatural(should)rest5.Ifonly…!要是……就好了Ifonly与现在事实或将来相反:

一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:

过去完成时Ifonlyitstoppedrainingnow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!总结wish,wouldrather,asif/asthough,ifonly表虚拟时的共同点是：时态往后退一步，同if虚拟条件句四.情态动词表示虚拟1.本想/打算做某事却没做

2.本应该做某事却没做

3.本不该做某事却做了

4.本能够做某事却没做

5.宁愿过去做了某事却没做

6.最好过去做了某事却没做

7.本不必做某事却做了wouldhavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedonecouldhavedonewouldratherhavedonehadbetterhavedoneneedn’thavedonemusthavedonemighthavedonecan’t/couldn’thavedone过去肯定发生了…过去可能发生了…过去不可能发生…五.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况1.insist,suggest2.asif/though3.ifinsist/suggest各有两种意思，用不同的语气insist:“坚决/持要求”用虚拟语气,即shoulddo;insist:“坚持认为,坚持说”用陈述语气suggest:“建议”用虚拟语气，即shoulddo;suggest:“表明、暗示”用陈述语气1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________(practise)moreafterclass.2.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe_____(be)illtoday.3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________(get)thereontimebyanymeans.4.Heinsistedthathe_____________(notsteal)thediamond,andthatheshouldbesetfree.他坚持说他没偷钻石，应该立刻被释放。(should)practiseis(should)gethadn’tstolenasif/asthoughWhen

a

pencil

is

partly

in

a

glass

of

water,it

looks

as

if

itwerebroken.Thedarkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Exercise判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间Pass!虚拟语气应试对策方法一：时间暗示法

解题时注意找出句子中的时间，因为时间不同，时态就会不同，表示的意思也就不同。1.HowIwishI_____thattohimlastnight.didn’tsayB.hadn’tsadC.wouldn’tD.couldn’tsay2.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone3.–Didyougotowatchthebasketballmatchlastnight?--No,Ididn’tfeelwellbutIwouldhavegoneifI____.A.WereB.didC.shouldD.hadBBD方法二重要单词提示法

在虚拟语气中，有些单词能起到重要的提示作用，如insist,suggest,wishIinsisttoeveryonethathe____wrong.A.shouldbeB.beC.wereD.was2.Hisnewjobrequiredthathe____attheofficebefore7:00.beB.wasC.isD.wouldbe3.Itisnecessarythateveryonehere____forhisownexperiment.A.getreadyB.getsreadyC.mustgetreadyDAA方法三语气暗示法

正确判断出题干中所暗含的语气，根据句子所表达的意思来推断出说话人的态度。1.IfDellahadn’tsoldherhair,she____thegoldwatchchainforhim.wouldn’tbuyB.wouldhaveboughtC.shouldn’thaveboughtD.couldn’thaveboughtD2.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,they____theiroutputquickly.WouldhaveraisedB.canhaveraisedMusthaveraisedD.wouldraise3.You____havetoldhimthebadnews,whichmadethingsevenworse.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.Wouldn’tAAIadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould3.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.

A.notwent

B.won'tgo

C.notgo

D.nottogo

4.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished5.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe___ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis6.Heinsistedhe______right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is考题点击

Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists_____atonceforIraq.A.leave