定语从句高一-完整版课件

Module5Book3GrammarDefiningAttributiveClausesAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句是修饰_______或_________的一种从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫______，引导定语从句的词就叫做______(relative)。名词代词先行词who/which/that/whose/when/where/why…关系词引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词Theusagesofrelatives(关系词)ExamplesRulesBoaowasalittlevillagewhich/thatwasunknown.关系词是______________指代______(人?/物?),在定语从句中作______语或宾语Peoplewho

livedinthevillageledapoorlife.关系词是_________指代________(人?/物?),在定语从句中作______语或宾语Thevillagewasunknown.People

livedinthevillage.which/that物主who人主还原法ExamplesRulesPeoplelivedonfishingorfarminginthisareawhere

lifewaspeacefulbutboring.关系词是__________指______(时间?/地点?/原因?),在定语从句中作__________(主语?/宾语?/地点状语?)Avillagerwhom/that

wemeetdescribeshishometowntous.关系词是_____________指代________(人?/物?),在定语从句中作_______（主语?/宾语?）Inthisarea,lifewaspeacefulbutboring.Wemeetthevillager.where地点地点状语whom/that人宾语ExamplesRulesTherewereonly3streetswhoselengthonlyreached200metersinall.关系词是__________即可指人，也可指_____在定语从句中作______(主语?/宾语?/定语?);意为“……的”IwillneverwanttogobacktothedayswhenweliveddependingonGod.关系词是_____________指______(时间?/地点?/原因?),在定语从句中作_______(主语?/宾语?/时间状语?);意为“在那时”Theirlengthonlyreached200metersinall.Duringthedays,weliveddependingonGod.whose物定语when时间时间状语ExamplesRulesThat’sthereasonwhy

youngpeopleleftourhometown.关系词是________指_______(时间?/地点?/原因?),在定语从句中作________(主语?/宾语?/原因状语?);意为“因为这个原因”Iwillneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentwithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.关系词是_____________指代_____(人?/物?),在定语从句中作_______（时间状语?/主语?/宾语?）Forthisreason,youngpeopleleftourhometown.Ispentthetimewithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.why原因原因状语that/which物宾语Thegirlwho/thatissingingismysister作定语修饰--thegirl先行词关系代词Thegirlismysister是句子的主干部分who/thatissinging作定语修饰先行词thegirl并且其中who/that指代thegirl作从句的主语

Thestudentdidn’tdothehomeworkisTom.Itsoundslikeatrainisgoingundertheground.Iwatchedalltheglasses

areonthetablefallontotheground.TheboywesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.Tomatoisanotherplant

earlytravelerstooktoEurope.

that/whothat/whichwhich/that

that/who/whomthat/whichThehouse

theybuiltlastyearwasdestroyed.that/whichPeoplewerekilledintheaccidentweremainlychildren.

who/that关系代词的用法.(1)that和which的用法。①that既可指人又可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可省

*Pleasefindaroomwhich/thatisbigenoughforallofustolivein.请找一间足够住下我们所有人的房间*Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子*Thisisthethief(that)wehavebeenlookingforrecently.这就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。

②在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时，只能用that，而不能用which的情况

a.

当先行词是all,alot,(a)little,(a)few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等不定代词时。*Canyougivemesomethingthathasnosugarinside?

能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西

b.当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。*Thisisthefirsttwo-storeybusthatrunsinourcity.

这是第一辆运行于我们城市的双层公交车。

c.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时。

*GuilinisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.

桂林是我见过的最美丽的城市。

d.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时。*Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.

他就是那个把女孩从水中救出来的人。

e.当先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词用that。*CanyoutellmethepeopleandeventsthatyousawinBritain?

你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.that

thatthat

thatHamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.

thatthatthatI’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.

that

that

that

thatThefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat(3)whose既可指人又可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语它可转化为“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”和“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”的形式。*Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthenameofwhomisknownalloverthecountry.

这就是那位全国知名的科学家。*Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.

＝Pleasepassmethebookofwhichthecoverisgreen.

请递给我那本绿色封面的书。用正确的形式填空：Thisisthegirl_______walletwasstolenyesterday.Thisisthegirl_______thewalletwasstolenyesterday.Ilikethebook_______coverisred.Ilikethebook_______thecoverisred.ofwhomwhosewhoseofwhich二、难点突破“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句:“介词＋关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构。*Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?

还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？

*ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.

这是我两年前住过的房子。*Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.

在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。

Conclusion当从句不缺主语或宾语时，可考虑用介词＋关系代词。当确定用介词＋关系代词时，介词的选用可考虑与从句中动词、形容词的搭配或与先行名词的搭配。3.当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thisisthebook___whichyouasked.forTheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.如何选择介词注意:动词短语不能拆开即介词不提前2)

看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks____whichIamnotveryfamiliar.3)

根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配

Thisisourclassroom,____________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.withinthefrontof1.ThemanmybrotheraretalkingtoisapolicemanThemanmybrotheraretalkingisapoliceman.2.Thegamestheyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.Thegamestheyoungmencompletedweredifficult.3.TheplaceIwasborninisJiangsu.TheplaceIwasbornisJiangsu

who/whom/that

towhom

which/thatinwhich

which/that

inwhichCanyoutellmeakindoffoodinQionghaiwhichisveryfamous?Thereisariverherewhosebeautifulsceneryattractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.Thereisahighschoolwhere

youcanseeafamousredbuilding.Where引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。Thisisthetown

where

(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.where作地点状语=inthetownwhere=atthetable注意1若定语从句缺主语或谓语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhich注意2区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.When引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。从句作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBijing.when=onthedaywhen=atthetime注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Isentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhy引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.对比Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which\thatwhy=forthisreasonThisisthehouseLincolnwasborn.whereinwhichThisisthetheatreLincolnwasshot.whereatwhichTheyearLincolnwasbornis1809whenintheyear1.Thisisthefactory_______wewillvisit.2.Thisistheplace_______hewasbornin.3.Thisistheplace_______hewasborn.4.Irememberthedays_______wespent.5.Thisisthefactory______weworks.6.Thisistheplace_______welivein.7.Thisistheplace_______welive.8.Thisisthetime______hedied.Fillintheblankswith“which”,“when”,“where”:whichwhichwherewhichwherewhichwherewhenlogositeBoaoForumforAsia(BFA博鳌亚洲论坛)BoaoTheOldBoaoTenyearsago,Boaowasalittlevillagewhich/thatwasunknown.Peoplewho

livedinthevillageledapoorlife.Peoplelivedonfishingorfarminginthisareawhere

lifewaspeacefulbutboring.Avillagerwhom/thatwemeetdescribeshishometowntous:Therewereonly3streetswhoselengthonlyreached200metersinall.IwillneverwanttogobacktothedayswhenweliveddependingonGod.That’sthereasonwhy

youngpeopleleftourhometown.

ButIwillneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentwithmyoldgoodfriendsinthelittletown.左顾·右盼先行词who/which/that/whose/when/where/why…成分人，物，时间，地点，原因……主，宾，定，状……关系词AncientChinawasacountrywhere

therewerealotofnewideas.Practicemakesperfect!

Completethepassagewithrelatives(关系词).BFAisaninternationalorganization_________isnon-governmentandnon-profit(非盈利).Itwassetupin2001,atime______Asiancountriescalledforanewforum(论坛).AsthefixedsiteofBFA,Boaoisatown______naturalconditions(条件)arebrilliant.Leadersofgovernment_________seekforchancesofcooperationmeethereandtalk.Asissaid,BFAisaninternationalparty______leaderscanmakeawin-windeal.That’sthereason______itisafocus(热点).which/thatwhenwhosewho/thatwherewhythetown’s

naturalconditions…atthisparty,leaders…十年之后，我们是朋友，还可以问候。遥远的东方有一条江，它的名字就叫长江。

小小的年纪还不懂什么是爱，却被你甜甜的笑给打败。我知道,我一直有双隐形的翅膀,带我飞,给我希望。

I’matanagewhichIdon’tknowwhatloveis,butyoursweetsmilestilltouchesme.InthedistantEast,thereisariverwhonameisYangtseRiver.IknowIhaveapairofinvisiblewingswherecantakemetoflyandgivemehope.Tenyearslater,wearestillfriendswhencan

stillsayhellotoeachother.Correctthewrongrelativesinpairs.××××which/thatwhenwhosewho/thatTenyearsago,Boaowasatown

________________________________.

ButnowitisfamoustothewholeworldbecauseofBFA.

Thankstotheopportunities

broughtbyBFA,Boaohasdevelopedintoamodernholidaytown________________________________.Inthepast,thelocalpeoplelivedonfarmingorfishing,butnow,thedays_____________________________havegone.Mostofthemhavebecomebossesofshops,cafes,HappyFarmandsoon.Asisknowntoall,Boaotownisbeautifulbeyondwords.People_____________________________willfallinlovewiththisplace.Justcomehere!Itmustbetherightplace______________________________________.Justcomehere—aheaventownyouaredreamingof!ThedevelopmentoftheHeavenTown—Bo’aowhosenamewas

which/thatattractswhentheylivedahardlifewho/thatcomehereforaholidaywhere

youcanenjoythebeautyofnature它的名字不被世人熟知度假小镇吸引众多游客lotsoftourists.那时候人们过着清贫生活他们来这里度假在这里你可以享受自然之美rarelyheard关系词先行词(人？物？时间？地点？原因?)在从句中充当成分(主？宾？定？状?)whowhomthatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy人主语宾语人宾语人物主语宾语物主语宾语人物定语时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语Dearstudents,Iamastudent1_______studiedinLingShanmiddleschoolforthreeyears.Theschool

2______Istudiedwasverybeautiful.Thestudentsalwaysplayfootballontheplayground3__________ismadeupofplastic.Mostofthefriends

4

Iplaywithareallsportslovers.Istillrememberedtheday5______wewerehavingfootballmatch.wewerewarmlywelcomebythestudents

6______hopewastogetNO.1.Mylifeinseniorhighwaswonderfulandthethingsandpersons

______

Imetatschoolwillbeunforgettable.Hopeeverystudentliveahappylifeintheschool.…Completetheletterwithwhere,which,that,

when,who,whomandwhose.(Pleasepayattentiontothebluewords.)who/that

whichwherewhenwhosewho/that/\thatman人subject主语adverbialofplace地点状语place地点place地点subject主语object宾语time时间adverbialoftime时间状语man人object物man人man人Pleasecorrecttherelativepronounsandadverbs

Lastweek,wehadabasketballmatchwithstudentsinclass156whenarealwaysveryfriendly.Beforethe

match,wewerealwaysplayingthebasketball

who

wasboughtbyourmonitor.Itwasagoodtimewhichwewereplayingthegamewithourteammembers.Duringthematch,weshouldgiveourbagstoJenny

where

dormitoryisverytidyandbeautiful.Luckily,ourteamgotNo.1atlastandwasawardedtheprizeontheplayground

whywewereplayingthegame.Itwasthereason

which

ourheadmastergaveeachofusabighug.Alltheclassmates

whom

cheerupforuswereveryhappyforthegoodnews.Itwasthebest

daywhichwespentinschool.who/thatwhich/thatwhenwhosewherewhythat/whothatman人subject主语object物subject主语time时间adverbialoftime时间状语object物man人place地点adverbialofplace地点状语reasonadverbialofreason时间状语man人subject主语thehighestdegree最高级object宾语非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整。一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。引导词：as,who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等，不用that或why,不能省略Tom'sfather,_______isoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.2.Thisnovel,________Ihavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

3.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:school,museum,andsomeotherplaces,_________othervisitorsseldomgo.4.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.whowhichwhereAs

which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句某一部分，that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。Herhouse,

whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago,

stoodstillintheearthquake.那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。

as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别which引导的从句只能放在主句之后；

as引导的从句可放在句首、句中或句尾。