情态动词 全国优质课一等奖-完整版课件

情态动词can(1)表示能力Theyhaveeverythingthatmoneycanbuy.(2)表示许可Youcan’tplayfootballhere.(3)有时会Itcanbecoldhereatnight.Gerardcanbeannoying(烦人的),Iknow.CanIborrowtwobooksatatime?对过去推测:

can’thavedone“过去不可能做了…”Hecan’thaveseenmeyesterday,becauseIwasn’tthere.(4)表示推测/可能性(否定和疑问句)

对现在推测:

can’tbe…

“不可能是…”

can’tbedoing“不可能正在做…”Isawhimleavetheofficeanhourago.Hecan’tbeworkingatthistime.Canthenewsbetrue?Wherecanhehavehiddenthedocuments?could(1)表示能力(can的过去式)Icouldn’tgettickets;theyweresoldout.(2)(用于委婉语气)表示征求许可或礼貌地请求CouldIaskyouacoupleofquestions?Couldyousendtheletterformetomorrow?(3)

couldhavedone“本可以/本能够做…(实际上没做)”---Ididn’tgotoworkyesterdaybecausemycarbrokedown.---Youcouldhaveborrowedmine.Iwasn’tusingit.(4)表示推测/可能性(可能性较小)

对过去推测:

could/couldn’thavedone

“过去可能/不可能做了…”Itcouldbeweeksbeforetheconstructionisactuallyfinished.对现在推测:

could(not)beIcan’tfindmykeys.Icouldhaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.Couldthisbetrue?WherecouldMr.Brownhavegonginthenight?may(1)(疑问句)表示征求许可

MayI……----MayIhaveawordwithyou?(2)(陈述句)表示允许Youmaydoexactlyasyoulike.Peoplemaynotpickflowersinthepark.(3)表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!----Yes,you_____.----No,you________not.maymust/canMayGodblessyou!(4)表示推测/可能性(陈述句，可能性较大)

对现在推测:

may(not)be…

“可能(不)是…”

may(not)bedoing“可能(没)正在做…”Hemaynotbethere.Shemaybewaitingforyouinthehall.Youmayberight.对过去推测:

may(not)havedone

“过去可能(没)做过…”Hemayhavereadsomeaccount(报道)ofthematter.Theymaynothaveseenhim.mightWhomightthemanbe?(2)表示推测/可能性(可能性较小)

对过去推测:

might(not)havedone

“过去可能(没)做过…”对现在推测:

might(not)be…

“可能(不)是…”

might(not)bedoing“可能(没)在做…”Hemightbeexpectingananswerfromyou.Hemightnotbeathome.HemighthaveheardofitfromMary.(1)(疑问句，语气委婉)表示征求许可

MightI……MightIaskaquestion?must(1)必须；一定要Wemustobeyorders.Youmustn’ttouchthemachine,child.----MustIsetofftomorrow?----Yes,you_____.----No,___________________________.mustyouneednot/youdon’thaveto(2)(表示与说话人意愿相反或不耐烦)偏要AsIwassittingdowntosupper,thetelephonemustring.Mustyoumakesomuchnoise？(3)表示推测/可能性(肯定句，有把握的推测)

对现在推测:

mustbe…

“一定/肯定是…”

mustbedoing“一定/肯定在做…”对过去推测:

musthavedone“过去一定/肯定做了…”Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswetthismorning.Shemusthavebeenveryyoungwhenshegotmarried.Shemustbenearly60yearsoldnow.It’stwoo’clock.Hemustbepractisingforhisdrivingtest.情态动词表示推测----总结对比肯定句否定句疑问句对过去情况的推测有把握有把握可能性大可能性大可能性小可能性小musthavedonecan’thavedonemayhavedonemaynothavedonecould/mighthavedonecould/mightnothavedonecan/couldhavedone情态动词表示推测----总结对比肯定句否定句疑问句对现在情况的推测有把握有把握可能性大可能性大可能性小可能性小mustbe/bedoingcan’tbe/bedoingmaybe/bedoingmaynotbe/bedoingcould/mightbe/bedoingcould/mightnotbe/bedoingcan/couldbeshould(4)

shouldhavedone“本应该做…(实际未做)”shouldnothavedone“本不应该做…(实际上做了)”(1)应该=oughtto(2)竟然(3)表示猜测(根据常识和情理进行的猜测)Youshouldwritetohim.I’msurprisedthatheshouldsayso.Thebusshouldhavearrivedtenminutesago.Itshouldbeagoodmovie----itsreviewswereverygood.It’sstrangethatheshouldreactinthisway.Thefoodsshouldbeenoughforsixguests.MissJaneshouldn’thavefailedtorecognizehim.need(1)必要；需要(2)needn’thavedone

“本没必要做…(实际上做了…)”Needwebuyanynewequipment?Youneedn’thavegonethereyesterday.Youneedn’tcleanthewindows.Sheneedn’thavetoldthemaboutit.shall(1)(第一人称，将来时)将要(2)(第一、三人称，疑问句，表示征求对方意见/要求对方做决定)“让不让/要不要……”I’mafraidIshan’tbeabletocome.Ishallhavetogototheclinicformybadcough.Shallhecometoseeyou?ShallIfetchthehammer?Shallthegoodsbesenttothestoreatonce?(3)(第二、三人称，陈述句,表示决心、命令、允诺、意图、警告等语气)“必须；应该；可以”(4)(第三人称，陈述句，用于条约、规章、法令中)

“必须；应该”Youshallnotleaveyourpost.Thestudentswhocangetthefullmarksintheexamshallreceiveaprize.Youshallbepunishedifyoudon’tobeyorders.Allpaymentsshallbemadebytheendofthemonth.所有款项必须在月底前付清ThenewregulationshalltakeeffectonJune1st.will(1)将，会

(3)愿意Youcanstayinthewaitingroomifyouwillwaitforthemanager.Hewillcomebacksoon.Willyoujoinourdiscussion?(2)(疑问句)表示请求Willyoustayforlunch?Willyoutypethisplease?(5)(表示功能)能；行Thedoorwon’topen.Eachbenchwillseatfourpersons.(4)惯于，总是(表示某事总是发生或一般如此，表示习惯性/经常性/倾向性)Oilwillfloatonwater.油总是浮在水上Accidentswillhappen.事故总是会发生的