【语法】动词基本形式-完整版课件

高中英语精品语法课件动词基本形式Lead-in写出下列动词的三人称单数。1.work_________2.take_________3.wash___________4.teach_________5.go___________6.study___________7.fix__________8.have__________9.pass_____________写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词10.read________________11.bite_________________12.think________________13.swim_______________14.choose________________15.drop_________________16.carry__________________17.serve________________18.play___________________Lead-in写出下列动词的现在分词19.receive_______________20.see________________21.begin________________22.travel______________23.tie___________________24.appear_____________25.forget________________26.prefer______________27.change_______________28.picnic_____________Lead-in答案1.works2.takes3.washes4.teaches5.goes6.studies7.fixes8.has9.passes10.read，read11.bit，bitten12.thought，thought13.swam，swum14.chose，chosen15.dropped，dropped16.carried，carried17.served，served18.played，ling/traveling23.tying24.appearing25.forgetting26.preferring27.changing28.picnickingPresentation所有动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形，动词-（e）s形式，动词—ing形式，过去式，过去分词。1．动词-（e）s形式在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用动词-（e）s形式。动词-（e）s形式的变化规则如下：动词的基本形式Presentation动词构词形式变化规则例词一般情况直接加-splay—playslook—looks以“辅音+y”结尾改y为i，再加-estry—triesfly—flies以不发音字母e结尾直接加-sclose—closeshope—hopes重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾直接加-sstop—stopsbegin—begins以s，x，sh和ch结尾加-eswatch—watchesdress—dressesfix—fixeswash—washes不规则变化be—ishave—hasPresentation2．动词的现在分词：动词的现在分词用于各种进行时中，变化规则如下：动词构词形式变化规则例词一般情况直接加-ingwork—workingplay—playinglook—looking以“辅音+y”结尾直接加-ingstudy—studyingfly—flyingtry—trying以不发音字母e结尾去掉e，再加-ingclose—closinglove—loving重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾双写词尾辅音字母，在加-ingstop—stoppingrefer—referringadmit—admitting不规则变化die—dyinglie—lyingdye—dyeingPresentation3．动词过去式和过去分词动词过去式用于一般过去时中。过去分词用于各种完成时态和被动语态。动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则如下：动词构成变化规则例词一般情况加

–edwork—workedwait—-waitedstay—stayedplay—played以字母e结尾加-dlive—livedlike—liked以“辅音+y”结尾变y为i加-edtry—triedstudy—studied重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾将末尾的辅音字母双写，再加-edplan—plannedpermit—-permittedstop—stopped不规则变化refer—referredprefer—preferredinfer—inferred其它动词的不规则变化见《不规则动词表》Spotlight不规则动词过去式和过去分词变化规律：1.AAA型costcostcostcutcutcutputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshuthithithithurthurthurtletletletSpotlight2.ABB型（原形→aught/ought→aught/ought）

catch

caught

caughtteach

taught

taughtbring

brought

broughtbuy

bought

boughtthink

thought

thoughtSpotlight3.动词元音变化一致sit

sat

sat

meetmet

met

find

found

found

get

got

got

standstoodstood

understandunderstoodunderstood

winwonwonhold

held

held

shine

shone

shone

dig

dug

dug

hang

hung/hanged

hung/hangedSpotlight4.动词原形的最后一个字母变为tlose

lost

lost

build

built

built

spill

spilt

spilt

spoil

spoilt

spoilt

send

sent

sent

spend

spent

spent

smellsmelt

smelt

feel

felt

felt

mean

meant

meant

learn

learnt/learned

learnt/learned

lend

lent

lentSpotlight5.原形变为由d结尾hear

heard

heard

make

made

made

have（has）

had

had

pay

paid

paid

say

said

said

lay

laid

laid

sell

sold

sold

tell

told

told

Spotlight6.动词原形中ee/ea变为“e…t”sleep

slept

slept

sweep

swept

swept

keep

kept

kept

leave

left

leftPractice1.—Hi,let'sgoskating.—Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.I______inanapplicationformforanewjob.（2014北京）A.fillB.havefilledC.amfillingD.willfill答案：C。根据句中rightnow，要使用现在进行时。2.I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyou______theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?（2013安徽）A.advertisedB.hadadvertisedC.areadvertisingD.willadvertise答案：A。句中theotherday为标志词，应用一般过去时。链接高考Practice3.Ididn’tthinkI’dlikethemovie,butactuallyit_____prettygood.（2013山东）A.hasbeen

B.was C.hadbeen

D.wouldbe答案：B。根据题干didn’t可知基础时态为一般过去时态；根据句意：我认为我不会喜欢这部电影，而实际上这是部相当好的电影。故使用一般过去时态陈述过去的事实。4.OnMondaymorningsitusually______meanhourstodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.（2013陕西）A.takes

B.istakingC.took

D.willtake答案：A。根据句子中onMondaymornings和usually可以判断应用一般现在时态。Practice用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Sheusually_______（do）somewashingonSundays.2.It____（rain）forabouttwohoursandthegroundisfullofwater.3.SheaskedmeifI__________（have）timethatevening.4.WhenI__________（see）himyesterday,he_________（talk）toourteacher.5.We_________（meet）attheschoolthegateattheeighto’clocktomorrowmorning.6.I’msurehe_________（become）afamousdoctorsomeday.7.Mybrother__________（fall）offwhilehe__________（ride）hisbike.8.Bequick!They________（wait）forusatthebusstop.9.Whenhe______（arrive）there,mostoftheguests_____