中考英语被动语态透析精练

中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考中考英语被动语态透析精练日期：20xx年X月=1\*ROMANI.被动语态基本结构用法解析A.谓语被动.一.被动语态概念与结构语态（voice）是动词的一种特殊形式，说明施动与受动的关系，分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示人物是动作的执行者，被动语态表示人物是动作的承受者。一般说来，及物动词才有被动语态。据其是否充当谓语，可析分为谓语及非谓语被动。被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。如：Heorganizedthecharityshow.他组织了一场慈善义演。（主动语态）Thecharityshowwasorganizedbyhim.这场义演是他组织的。（被动语态）二.主动语态与被动语态的变换:口诀：宾变主提前，主变宾by后，动词用bedone，,时态源不变。Thestrangesellercollectedthousandsofcomputermice.主语谓语宾语Thousandsofcomputermicewerecollectedbythestrangeseller.宾语变主语be+过去分词主语变为by的宾语三.语态的时态性.被动语态的时态变化及疑问式和否定式的变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。1.一般现在时.TheysellCD-ROMsinthisshop.______________________________________________________2.一般过去时.Theychosemetobethehost._______________________________________________________3.一般将来时.Chinawillholdthe29thOlympicGamesinBeijing._________________________________________4.过去将来时.Miyokosaidtheywouldsendthecameratoher.___________________________________________5.现在完成时.Manhasn’tvisitedthemoon.____________________________________________________________6.过去完成时.Milliehadpreparedaspeech.____________________________________________________________7.现在进行时.Peoplearecuttingdownalotoftrees.___________________________________________________8.过去进行时.Theywerebuildingthebridge.__________________________________________________9.情态助动词Wemustsendhertohospitalrightaway.__________________________________________________四.bysb之变异.（by后引出的动作施动者可人亦可为物，by本身也可能变用其它介词，视惯用搭配而定）1.Itisknowntoeveryone.2.Heisbelovedofhisstudents.3.Messagesaresentbysatellites.4.Hewashitbyafastmovingcar.5.Mountainsarecoveredbyforests.6.MacaohasbeentakenbackbyChina.7.Messagescanbesentthroughemails.8.Satelliteshavebeensentintospacebymanycountries.9.ThewindowwasbrokenbyJimwithastone/anaxe/ahammer.10.It’scovered/filled/crowded/decorated/polluted/fedupwith….五.主动宾结构的被动.Theysetupthestage. ____________________________________________________________________NancyJackondesignedthatCD-ROM.___________________________________________________Wewillinvitelotsofpopstarstotheshow. ___________________________________________________六.双宾语动词的被动。give/ask/tell/show/buy/pass/hand/get/offer/provide/lend/borrow---1.Heshowedmethephoto. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Hewroteanemailtome._____________________________________________________._____________________________________________________3.Shegavemeadictionary.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Theytoldmeaboutit.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.Motherboughtherasweater.______________________________________________________-______________________________________________________6.Jimtoldmeastory.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.Theyaskedherwhereshelived._______________________________________________________七.宾补结构的被动。1.Theytold/allowed/asked/encouraged/chose/warnedme(not)togoalone.Iwastold/allowed/asked/encouraged/chose/warned(not)togoalone.2.Shekeptmewaitingfortwohours.______________________________________________________3.Hecoloredthepicturegreen._______________________________________________________4.Theymade/chose/electedhermonitoroftheclass._________________________________________5.Wefinditusefultolearnforeignlanguages.__________________________________________________6.Hefoundapurselyingontheground._____________________________________________________7.MotherfoundTom(tobe)acleverboy._____________________________________________________8.Weregardedhimasawiseleader._____________________________________________________9.TheychooseMellietobethehostoftheshow._______________________________________________10.Theheavysnowstoppedusfromgettingthereintime._____________________________________11.turnAintoB/changeAintoB/makeAintoB/putAintoB/pourAintoBHeismakingthepaperintoapaperbird.____________________________________________________八.补to型动词的被动语态。A.make/have/let/helpsbdosth------sbbemadetodosth1.Thebossmadetheworkersworktwelvehoursaday.______________________________________________2.Theconductormadetheboygivetheseatto….___________________________________________________3.They(didn’t)lethimgo._________________________________.Or_____________________________________B.seesbdo/doingsth------sbbeseentodo/doingsthsee/watch/hear/listento/notice/observe/feel/find1.Isawhimenterthestore.______________________________________________________________2.Iseehimplayingtheviolin.______________________________________________________________3.Isawthemkilltheelephant.______________________________________________________________ Killing---.______________________________________________________________4.Ihearthegirlsingthepopsong._______________________________________________________________ Singing---._______________________________________________________________5.Ifoundsomeonestolemybikethenightbeforelast._____________________________________________C.want/tell/wouldlike/ask/order/wish/encourage/like/allow/advise/expect/warn/choose------asksbtodosth------sbbeaskedtodosth九.据说型被动语态1.Peoplesaylotsofbuildingsweredestroyedintheearthquake._____________________________________________________________________________________2.TheradioreportsthatlotsofmoneyhasbeenraisedtohelppeopleinneedinSichuan._____________________________________________________________________________________3.Theythoughtthatthecharitywasagreatsuccess._____________________________________________________________________________________4.Scientistsbelievethatdinosaurshaven’tdisappearedbutbecomebirds._____________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Wethinkitdifficulttosendupsatellitesintospace._____________________________________________________________________________________十.get+过去分词的被动语态。1.Hegotkilledinthecaraccident.2.Theygotmarriedintheyear2000.3.HegotlostinthecityofToronto.4.Theboyistooyoungtogetdressed.5.HegothurtintheAussierulesfootballgame.6.Thehousegotburntyesterday.7.Iwilllendyouanumbrellasothatyouwon’tgetwetintherain.十一..动词+介词/副词的动词短语的被动语态。(逻辑搭配的需要，介词不能弃省)1.Thepenisusedforwritingwith。2.Thetalkwaslistenedtobyeveryone.3.Theiceisthickenoughforpeopletoskateon.4.Heislookedateveryday.5.Patientsshouldbe/takengoodcareof.6.Thehouseisusedtolivein.十二.语态变换中的分立与合并.（主要是不定代词的同义分解与合并）主动句否定句中宾语是anything,anybody等时,变被动句时合并为nothing,nobody等.主动句中主语是nothing,nobody,变被动句时分解为notanything,notanybody等.1.Peoplehaven’tdoneanythingtostopthepollution.__________________________________________2.Nothinghasbeendonetohelpthem.____________________________________________________3.Nohodycansolvetheproblem.____________________________________________________4.Nothingcouldstopthemfromsurfing._____________________________________________________十三.被动语态中介词的添加和提前问题1.Whocleanedtheclassroom

_____________________________________________________2.Smokefilledthediningroom._____________________________________________________3.Apieceofclothcoveredthemotorbike.______________________________________________________4.Peoplecrowdedintheroom.____________________________________________________________十四.多动词主动句的被动语态。（不论是简单句，并列句，复合句，需全部变成被动语态）1.SomeonetaughthimFrenchandgavehimadictionary.________________________________________________________________________________2.Wecanturnsolidsintoliquidsifweraisetheirtemperaturehighenough.________________________________________________________________________________3.Hefoundthebookwhichhehadlostandreturnedittothelibraryatonce.________________________________________________________________________________B.非谓语被动一.定语型被动,1.Helikesreadingnovels______________byLingYutang.(write) 2.IboughtaCD-ROM______________byMancyJackson.(design)3.Therelivedlotsofsurvivors_____________intheearthquake.(save)二.宾补型被动A.动词不定式do作宾补时:do---donemake/have/let/helpsbdosth---make/have/let/helpsthdone1.Hehadsomeonecuthishair._________________________________________________________2.Hehadsomeonetakehispicturesintheparkyesterday.__________________________________3.Iwillhavesomeonerepairmytaperecord.________________________________________________4.Youhadbetternotputyourcarhere._________________________________________________5.Youshouldtrytomakeothersunderstandyou.___________________________________________B.动词不定式do/doing作宾补时:do---donedoing---beingdonesee/watch/hear/listento/notice/observe/feel/findseesbdo/doingsth---seesthdone/beingdone1.Isawthemkilltheelephant.______________________________________________________ killingtheelephant______________________________________________________2.Ihearthegirlsingthepopsong._______________________________________________________ singingthepopsong______________________________________________________3.I’veneverheardthepopsong__________inEnglishbyher.(sing)C.动词不定式todo作宾补时:todo---tobedonewant/tell/wouldlike/ask/order/wish/encourage/like/allow/advise/expect/warn/chooseasksbtodosth---asksthtobedone1.Helikeshiscar_________________________everyday.(wash)2.Iwantthejob___________________________rightnow.(do)3.Heaskedhisroom_____________________________immediatelyatthatmoment.(paint)4.Heaskedhisshoes_____________________________beforeFriday.(mend)5.Hehastotakeitaway.__________________________________________________________6.Heusedtoplantmanytrees.___________________________________________7.I’msuretofinishtheworkontime.___________________________________________三.宾语型被动todo/doing作动词宾语或介词宾语时:todo---tobedonedoing---beingdone1.Newinventionscontinue_______________________.(make)2.Thechairisgoing________________________.(paint)3.Therearestillalotoftrees________________________.(plant)4.Thetreesstopthetop-soilfrom____________________away.(wash)5.Hetriedtoescapefrom__________________.(notice)6.Hewenttothepartywithout__________________.(visit)7.Nobodyenjoys_________________atbyothers.(laugh)8.Doyoumind__________________likethat.(treat)四.动词不定式todo的完成时被动语态---tohavebeendone表示动作已发生。1.Sheissuretohavebeentaughtbyagoodmusician.2.Heisbelieved/thoughttohavemadegreatprogress.=2\*ROMANII被动形式不表示被动A.形容词型被动语态：（被动语态形式的系表结构强调一种状态而淡化或不表示被动意义）1.Theglassisbroken. It’sabrokenglass.(强调状态)*2.TheglassisbrokenbyJimyesterday（强调被动,说明此状态是怎么来的）3.Thehorseistired.4.Hisbikeislost/gone/missing.5.Heisbadlyhurtintheaccident.6.Heissofrightenedthathecan’tmove.7.Don’tbehurried. Don’thurry.=Nohurry.=Don’tbein(such)ahurry.8.Thesunisrisen.9.Heisdressedinagreyjacket.10.Thedoorislocked.11.Theshop.isnowclosed.（强调关着的状态）12.Theshopwillbeclosednextyear.（强调被关闭的动作）13.beexcitedabout---beinterestedin---beworriedabout---besurprisedat---beamazedat---bemovedby---besatisfiedwith---bepleasedwith---befedupwith---beboredwith---14.bepollutedwith---becoveredwith---becrowdedwith---bedecoratedwith---beconnectedwith---befilledwith---B.过去分词形容词及复合形容词。(已变成语法功能上纯粹的形容词，但仍隐含“被动意义”)1.It’sabrokenumbrella.2.I’vegotawell-paidjob.3.It’sahomemadecomputer.4.Itiswell-knowntoeveryone.5.Igavehimawell-chosengift.6.Thatwasaworn-outwoollencoat.7.Manyman-madesatellites.8.Englishisawidely-usedlanguage9.Aworriedwomanrushedininahurry.10.Thefrightenedboywastoofrightenedtomove.11.Thereusedtobeawell-keptcitywallintheolddays.12.Thefallenleavesalsokeepthewaterfromrunningaway.13.Theso-calledbeachboysaremuchweakerthantheserioussurfers.=3\*ROMANIII主动形式表示被动意义A.不定式作定、宾补，具有非bysb的逻辑主语(有时省略)1.Ihavenothingtodo(withyourbusiness).2.Wehavetwentymoretreestoplant.*Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.3.Ihavelotsofclothestowash.*Hewantshiscartobewashedeveryday.4.Thetableistooheavytocarry.5.Hehasnoplacetostay.6.Thiskindofworkiseasytodo.7.Ihavegotalettertowrite.8.Pleaselendmesomebookstoread.9.Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.10.Haveyougotakeytolockthedoor

11.Thedressisgoodenoughtowear.12.Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.13.Thishouseislargeenoughforthemtolivein.14.WefeelitimportanttolearnEnglishwell15.Thisiceisthickenoughforthemtoskateon.B.联系动词主动表被动：①be动词②感官联系动词：look,seem,appear,feel,sound,taste,smell

③(逐渐)变得/变成：become,grow,get,turn,come,go④保持：keep,stay1.Theflowerssmellnice.2.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.3.Thebellsoundswell.4.Hiswishhascometrue.5.Thecandytastessweetandsaur.6.Peopleoftenwenthungryintheolddays.7.Wemustkeepquietinthereadingroom.8.Thepieceofclothfeelssoftandsmoothy.C.readwritewashopencloseshutlocksellweardriveridecutdevelopcookact1.Thebooksellswell.2.Thecoatwasheseasily/well.3.Thefoodcookseasily.4.Hismeatlooksgoodandsellswell.5.Thepassagereadseasily.6.Thepassagereadslikeapoem.*7.Theessayissmoothly/fluentlyread.8.Thispenwritespoorly/well.9.Thewindowwon’tshut.10.Thedoor/safewon’tlock.11.Theseglassescleaneasily.12.Theschoolopensat6everyday.13.Thecakeseatsweetandsalty14.Thedoorlockseasily.15.Thismaterialwearswell(won’twear).D.某些不及物动词的主动形式可表被动：(表示人或物本身的功能和特征状态)happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,take,fallbegin,start,end,last,disappear1.Thefilmendedatabout5:30.2.Theaccidenthappenedlastyear.3.Theuniversedevelopseveryminute.4.Themeetingbeganat6:00.inthemorning.5.Acaraccidenthappenedtohimyesterday6.Theapplefellontotheground.（自己落下）7.Thependroppedontotheground.(自己掉下)8.Thepenwasdroppedontothegroundbyhim.被人扔下9.Theflowersgrowverywell/quicklyinthegarden.（主动）10.Manyflowersaregrowninthegardeneveryyear.（被动）*11.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepastfewyears.=Thelastfewyears..=Myhometownhaschangedgreatlyduringthepast/lastfewyears.E.现在分词表示被动.beworthdoingbeinneedofdoingwant/need/deserve/require/demanddoing==wanttobedone1.TheTVneedsrepairing.==toberepaired.2.Mycomputerwantsmending. ==wantstobemended.==isingreatneedofmending.3.Thisbookoncomputersiswellworthreading./buying.4.Theproblemisn’tworthstudying/discussingfurther.5.Thelitterboywantslookingafter/takinggoodcareof./tobelookedafter.6.Hisideasoundsgoodbutstillneedstryingout.7.Myleathertennisshoesneedmending./tobemended.8.Thebookisprinting.(在印刷中)9/ThemobilephoneisadvertisingonTVeveryday.8BUnit3-4被动语态专项练习一.众里挑一单项选题

()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?

A.Is;built B.Was;bulit C.Does;build D.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappened B.washappened C.ishappened D.happened()3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrown B.aregrown C.grows D.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisited B.willbevisited C.hasbeenvisited D.wasvisited()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____inthschoolhallnextweek.A.isgiven B.hasbeengiven C.willbegiven D.gives()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?A.areplanted B.willplant C.havebeenplanted D.planted()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoing B.arebeingdone C.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()8.Neitherofthem______inChina.A.ismade B.aremade C.weremade D.made()9.Look!Anicepicture____forourteacher.A.isdrawing B.isbeingdrawn C.hasbeendrawn D.draws()10.Yourshoes____.Youneedanewpair.A.wearout B.wornout C.arewornout D.isworn()11.Thedoctor_____foryet.A.isn'tsent B.hasn'tbeensent C.won'tbesent D.wasn'tsent()12.--When___thiskindofcomputers______--Lastyear.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used()13.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.A.knows B.knew C.isknown D.wasknown()14.I____insummer.A.born B.wasborn C.havebeenborn D.amborn()15.HesaysthatMrZhang_____tothefactorynextweek.A.issent B.wouldsend C.wassent D.willbesent()16.Who_____thisbook_____A.did;written B.was;writtenby C.did;written D.was;written()17.Mary____showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.wasaskedto C.isasked D.asksto()18.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldus B.wastoldtous C.istoldus D.toldus()19.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.tojump()20.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.A.puts B.canbeput C.canbeputted D.canput()21.Olderpeople____well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter()22.Ourteacher______carefully.A.shouldbelistenedto B.shouldbelisten C.belistened D.islistened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空(请注意时态和语态两个方面)1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.

8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

9.What_______knives_______(make)of

They_________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.

10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary

11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.

14.Thiskindofshoes__________(sell)well.

15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity

16.______you_______(see)thefilmyet

Yes,I_______(see)itlastweek.

17.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.18.Look!Someone__________(dance).

19.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.20.Thatplay________(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.21.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.22.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.23.What_______aknife______(make)of

It_______________(make)ofmetalandwood.

24.APianoconcert_____________(give)herelastFriday.25.______themagazine____(cantake)outofthelibrary?

26.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.27.Thestars_____________(cansee)inthedaytime.28.Someflowers__________(water)byLiMingalready.29.Thesekindsofmachines__________(make)inJapan.30.Apples_________________(grow)inthisfarm.31.Russian_____________(learn)asthesecondlanguagebysomestudentsinChina.32.Planes,carsandtrains__________(use)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.33.Thecinema___________(bulid)in1985.34.Thebike______________(mustnotput)here.35.Abeautifulhorse___________(draw)byJohnnextday.36.Thiskindofmachine___________(canmade)byuncleWang.37.Mr.Green______(open)twonewschool.38.ThePLA____________(found)onAugust1st,1927.39.Bythetimehewasten,theboy________(learn)EnglishandFrench.40.Howlong_____youruncle____(be)inthecity?

41.______you____(see)thefilmyet

Yes,I_______(see)itlastweek.

42.UncleWang____________(live)heresince198043.Listen!Someone_________(sing).44.Tom________(nothave)breakfastyesterdaymorning.三、按要求改写为主被动语态，一空一词。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina（改为主动语态）_______people_________teainSouthChina2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同义句转换）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear．3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(对划线提问)How______________theworkgoingtobefinished

4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)

AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.

5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.It______________________byyounow.

6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.Metal________________________makingmachines.

7.Hemademedothatforhim.I____________________________thatforhim.

8.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.月Thefootballmatch_____________________bythem.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago__________abridge____________herebythemayearago10.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.Thelightgreendresses__________________________out.

11.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.Thegame_______________“Lianliankan”byus.12.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.Thework_______________intwodays.13.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou. Silk__________inSuzhou14.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong. AnEnglishsong___________bythechildren.15.Youneedn'tdoitnow.It______________byyounow.16.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.ANewYearCard____________herbymelastweek.17.Peoleusemetalformakingmachines.Metal________formakingmachines.18.Hemademedothatforhim.I____________thatforhim.19.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.Thisbook___________tothelibrary.20.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago____abridge____herebythemayearago

21.We'llputonanEnglishplayinourschool.AnEnglishplay_____________oninourschool.22.MoreandmorefarmersbuycolourTVsets.ColourTVsets_________moreandmorefarmers.23.Mybrotheroftenmendshiswatch.Hiswatch____________bymybrother.24.Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday.Theflowersmust______(byus)everyday.25.Theyuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives______forcuttingthings.26.Hemadethefarmersworkforalongtime.Thefarmers________________foralongtime.27.Didhebreakthewindowyesterday____thewindow_______________yesterday

28.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.Thelightgreendresses_____________out.29.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroom________everyday.30.Youmustnotplanttreesinverydryearth.Trees_____________________inverydryearth.31.Youcandigaholeintheearth.AHole_________________________intheearth.四.根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。1.Thenewbike______________________（买给我）bymyparentsasapresentlastweek．2._______yourmobilephone______________________（是国产的吗）

3.Thewholemountainis__________________(覆盖)thesnow.五.下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。1.Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight．________________________________________2.Isyou