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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.翻译题

如果你是那种看着别人的生活就羡慕,对自己的生活提不起精神的人,也许你需要把握生活,做些改变。很多人每天从早到晚做同样的事情,对现状感到非常满足并很快乐。但是,如果你觉得自己的潜能被浪费,内心深处渴望更活跃刺激的生活,你就需要采取一些积极的行动。

你会觉得如果你处在另一种环境,你肯定会掌握好局面,为更宏大目标而努力。如果你真这样想过,那就不应该被无法改变的现状所难倒,不要为自己为什么不开始行动找借口,也不要为自己找为什么不去充分发挥潜能的理由了。

如果人满腹激情,也有能力干一番事业,就不要浪费自己的才能。停止抱怨,命运掌握在自己手里!现在该是人停止自欺欺人、认识到岸上的安全可能要比你所想的更具有破坏性的时候了。

【答案】Ifyouarethatkindofpersonwhoadmiresothers’livesandislow-spiritedtoyourownlife,youneedtoholdyourlifeandmakesomechanges.Manypeopledothesamethingfrommorningtonightandfeelverysatisfiedwithcurrentsituation.However,ifyouthinkthatyourpotentialiswastedandyouexpecttohaveamoreactiveandexcitinglifedeeplyinyourheart,youneedtotakesomepositiveactions.

Youwouldimaginethatifyouareplacedinanotherenvironment,youwillbecontrolthesituationbetter,andmakegreateffortsformoreambitiousgoals.Ifyoureallythoughtaboutthis,youshouldnotbefrustratedbyunalterablestatus,rationalizeandexplainwhatyouwerenotdoingandwhyyoucannotexertyourpotentialfully.

Ifapersonisfullofpassion,andiscapableofhavingacareer,heshouldn’twastehiscapacity.Stopcomplainingandyoucontrolyourowndestiny!Itishightimethatyoushouldstopyourself-deceptionandrealizethatthesafetyontheshorethatispossiblymoredevastatingthanyoucanimagine.

2.单选题

Inthe(

)ofrecentincidents,weaskingourcustomerstotakeparticularcareoftheirbelongings.

问题1选项

A.evidence

B.company

C.light

D.form

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。inthelightof“根据,按照,由于,鉴于”。句意:“鉴于最近发生的事件,我们要求顾客注意保管好自己的财物”。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Toourgreatdelight,yesterdaywereceiveda(n)()donationfromabenefactor.

问题1选项

A.handsome

B.awesome

C.miserly

D.prodigal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。handsome“英俊的,大方的”;awesome“令人敬畏的,可怕的;极好的”;miserly“吝啬的,贪婪的”;prodigal“挥霍的,十分慷慨的”。句意:令我们高兴的是,昨天我们收到了一位捐助者大量的捐助物。选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Thegovernmentclaimedthatitwasaccidental,butthehollowand(

)excusecouldnotconvincethepublic.

问题1选项

A.feeble

B.deliberate

C.fluent

D.delicate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。feeble“牵强的;不太可信的”;deliberate“深思熟虑的;故意的”;fluent“流畅的,流利的”;delicate“精美的;易碎的”。句意:政府声称那是意外,但是空洞而又牵强的借口无法说服公众。选项A符合题意。

5.翻译题

由小学到中学,所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年,所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”,这名称易滋误解,好像过此以上即无学问可言。

大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在,在这里做学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱,注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境,一生的时间都嫌太短,所以古人皓首穷经,头发白了还是在继续研究,不过在这样的研究中确实有浓厚的趣味。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】Welearnnothingmorethansomebasicallycommonknowledgefromprimarytosecondaryschool.Evenifduringfour-yearuniversitylife,weweretaughtonlyrudimentsofscholarship.Universitiesareusuallyknownas“thehighesteducationalinstitution”,whichislikelytocausethemisunderstandingthatthereisnomoretolearnafteruniversity.

Theresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarethecertainplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttastingoflearningwherefocusonresearchmethodandpractice.Knowledgeisinfiniteandlifeislimited.Thus,ancientpeopleneverstoptheirstudyevenwhentheywereveryold.However,therewasstronginterestinthisprocess.

【解析】

6.单选题

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill()stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

问题1选项

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。execute“实行,执行;处死”;forsake“放弃”;exert“运用,发挥;施以影响”;forge“锻造”。句意:Smith教授已经退休了,但是他的教导依然在他的学生中产生重大影响。选项C符合题意。

7.翻译题

人类是一个不断的自然进化过程的产物,其中包括无数次的遗传转化:这一不可阻挡的过程自45亿年前地球形成以来一直未曾间断过。这一进化过程,受环境因素的影响,经过随机突变,形成了更具适应性的系统,从而保证了其连续性。在动物世界,这导致了更高级物种的进化,并在人类身上达到了极致。我认为人类掌握了自身的命运,因为人类已经获得创新思维的能力。

创新思维能力的获得大大加速了自然进化的过程。它导致了人类文明诸多方面的巨大进步。如在艺术、文学、医学、技术上,在属于人类智慧扩展前沿科学上尤其如此。然而,正是科学的这些进步使得人类获得了自我毁灭的功能,导致了消灭人类自身的工具的发展。

PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish

【答案】Humanbeingisaproductoftheconstantevolutionarywhichinvolvesnumerousgenetictransformations,andhasgoneuninterruptedsincetheEarthcameintobeing4.5billionyearsago.Subjecttoenvironmentalfactorsandundergoingrandommutation,thisevolutionaryprocessdevelopsintoamoreadoptablesystemtoensurethecontinuity.Intheanimalworld,thissystemleadstotheevolutionofmoreadvancedspeciesandreachesitspeak.Ithinkhumanbeingsmastertheirowndestinies,fortheyhaveobtainedthecreativethinking.

Creativethinkinggreatlyacceleratesthespeedofnaturalevolution.Itleadstogreatachievementsinhumancivilization,suchasart,literature,medicine,technology,especiallyinsciencewhichstandsfortheforefrontoftheexpansionofhumanintelligence.However,thoseadvancementsinsciencealsoenablehumanstoself-destruction,andresultinthedevelopmentoftoolsfordestroyinghumanbeings.

8.单选题

Theyartificially()thevalueofthehousesotheycould“reduce”itandmakepeoplethinkitwasabargain.

问题1选项

A.enlarged

B.underestimated

C.raised

D.inflated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。enlarge“扩大,增大”;underestimate“低估,看清”;raise“举起,提高”;inflate“膨胀,充气”。句意:他们人为地抬高房子的价格,再“低价”出售,让人们以为这是大减价。选项C符合题意。

9.填空题

Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth:Whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillions(1)areoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityisaworldwidephenomenon,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertscarceresources(2)fromfoodsecuritytotakecareofpeoplewithpreventableheartdiseaseanddiabetes.

Toreversetheobesityepidemic,wemustaddressfundamentalcauses.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythan(3)expendedinactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theyturnpeoplewithexpendableincomeintoconsumersofaggressivelymarketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowin(4)value,andofcars,televisionsets,andcomputersthatpromotesedentarybehavior.Gainingweightisgoodforbusiness.Foodisparticularlybigbusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.

Moreover,foodissooverproducedthatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefar

morethantheyneed---(5)irony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeexample,most

adultsofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensuscategories—areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredbymanyadults.Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompete(6)salesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaigns(7)towardchildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeed,itisdifficulttothink(8)anymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleatelessfood;certainly(9)theagriculture,foodproduct,grocery,restaurant,diet,ordrugindustries.Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployamidesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibit(10).

A.splendid

B.elegant

C.snobbish

D.prudent

A.hehadagoodopinionoftheStClairfamily

B.hegrantedtheStClairfamilysomecredits

C.heowedsomemoneytotheStClairfamily

D.hewasmorerespectablethansomemembersoftheSt.Clairfamily

A.marryingformoney

B.robbingone'swife

C.makingfortunes

D.sellingtheteethofdeadsoldiers

A.brag

B.possess

C.arrange

D.pluck

A.detached

B.positive

C.cynical

D.liberal

【答案】1.more

2.away

3.is

4.nutritional

5.another

6.for

7.directed

8.of

9.not

10.overeating

【解析】1.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的句意是:当成千上万的人由于经济不平衡、政治腐败和战争而饿肚子时,还有成千上万的人超重。前后进行对比,说明超重的人更多,所以more符合题意。

2.考查固定搭配。divertaway“转移”。空格处所在句子的句意是:肥胖是一个世界性的普遍现象,它对大人孩子都有影响,它迫使除了最贫穷的国家外的所有国家把稀有资源从食品安全上转移到了照顾患有可预防的心脏病和糖尿病的人们。

3.考查动词的用法。空格处所在句子的句意是:超重源于摄入的食物能量超过了被消耗的能量。分析句子结构可知,为了避免重复,than后面省略了energythat,完整的句子应该是energythatisexpended。

4.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的句意是:他们把具有消费水平的人变为疯狂购买食物的消费者,这些食物通常能量很高,营养价值很低。nutritional符合题意。

5.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的句意是:此外,食物被过量生产,尤其是发达国家拥有的食物远远超过他们所需要的食物--这又是一件具有讽刺意义的事。前面已经提到过一件讽刺的事thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity,因此another符合题意。

6.考查动词短语。空格处所在句子的句意为:过量的食物使各大公司为销售而进行竞争。competefor“为……而竞争”。

7.考查后置定语。空格处所在句子的句意是:各大公司为了竞争,采用的手段有:广告,健康宣言,推出新产品,加量包装,还有直接针对孩子的活动。空格处所在的单词显然是用来修饰campaigns这个单词的,应该填一个过去分词来作后置定语,directtoward表示针对……。

8.考查固定搭配。thinkof“想出”。

9.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的句意是:农业、食品、杂货店、饭店、减肥业或制药业都不会获益。所以此处是一个否定的意思,not符合题意。

10.考查动词的用法。空格处所在句子的句意是:人们吃得多时,所有行业都会发展繁荣,所有行业都花钱请游说者去劝政府不要采取任何措施禁止过度饮食(overeat)。Inhibitdoingsth.“禁止做某事”。

10.单选题

WhenIbentdowntotiemyshoelace,theseatofmytrousers().

问题1选项

A.split

B.cracked

C.broke

D.holed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。split“撕裂,使破裂”;cracked“使爆裂,使破裂”;broke“打破,违犯,折断”;holed“凿洞”。句意:当我弯腰去系鞋带时我的裤子崩裂了。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

MarywasashyWomanandtook______behindaratherforbiddingbluntnessofmanner.

问题1选项

A.refuge

B.kindness

C.fright

D.appearance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。refuge“避难”;kindness“好意”;fright“惊吓”;appearance“外貌”。句意:玛丽是一个害羞的女人,遇到令人害怕的直率行为就赶紧躲避。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Thetrainfromthecapitalwasderailedlastnightinthemountainarea,butfortunatelytherewereno(),policesaid.

问题1选项

A.catastrophes

B.cataracts

C.casualties

D.caprices

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。catastrophe“大灾难”;cataract“大瀑布,洪水”;casualty“伤亡人员”;caprice“任性,反复无常;随想曲”。句意:昨晚,从首都出发的火车在山区脱离轨道,庆幸的是没有人员伤亡。选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

Thegovernmentistryingto(

)thepeopleintothinkingthatawarisnecessary.

问题1选项

A.enlighten

B.involve

C.orient

D.brainwash

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。brainwash…into“把思想强行灌输给……,强迫……相信”。句意:政府正试图给人洗脑让人们相信战争是必要的。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Herremarkablesuccessasarockstarispartlyduetoherabilityto()themedia.

问题1选项

A.mandate

B.meditate

C.manifest

D.manipulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。mandate“授权,托管”;meditate“考虑,计划,企图”;manifest“证明,表示”;manipulate“操作,巧妙处理”。句意:她作为一个摇滚明星取得的杰出成就在于她有能力巧妙处理媒体。选项D符合题意。

15.单选题

InthewakeoftheSept.11attacks,manyAmericansfeelwemaybegintoseetheerosionofsomeofourcivilliberties.Thereisconcernwemaybesubjecttopersonalsearchesandincreasedmonitoringofouractivities,allinthenameofsafetyandsecurity.Onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches.

Asmuchasvendorsandnetworkadministratorstrytomakescanningforvirusesanunobtrusiveprocessfortheenduser,westillareinconveniencedbytheroutinesmandatedbytheguardiansofourcorporatecomputingsecurity.However,inconveniencetakesabackseattotheoutrightneedforsecurity.Virusesaremorethaninconvenient;theycauserealdamage.ComputerEconomicsestimatesthecostofvirusattacksoninformationsystemsaroundtheworld,includingcleanupcostsandlostproductivity,hasalreadyreached$10.7billionsofarthisyear.Comparethatfigurewith$17.1billionforallof2000and$12.1billionfor1999.

Iknowyou’rethinking:“I’monlyoneperson.HowcanIspendthenecessarytimetosafeguardmycompanyagainstvirusesandsecurityholesandstilldomyregularjob?”

Realistically,youcan’t.Butthereareresourcestohelpyou.

MicrosofthasjustannouncedanewinitiativecalledtheStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram.AmongtheservicesbeingofferedaretreetechnicalsupportrelatedtovirusesandasecuritytoolkitthatincludespatchesandservicepacksthataddresssecurityvulnerabilitiesinWindowsNTand2000.

TheFBIandSANSInstitutehavejustreleasedtheirtop20listofthemostcriticalInternetsecurityvulnerabilities.ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist.Studythelistat.

TheCenterforInternetSecurityprovidesmethodsandtoolstoimprovemonitorandcomparethesecuritystatusofyourInternet-connectedsystems.Findouthowtobenchmarkyourorganization’sstatusat.

SoftwarevendorssuchasNetworkAssociates,SymantecandComputerAssociateshaveveryinformativevirusresourcecenters.TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.S/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses.Likewise,theCAVirusInformationCenterofferstipsonmanagingvirusincidentsandprotectingmessagingsystems.

Justlikeournationaldefense,thebestprotectionagainstadebilitatingvirusattackisknowledgeofthevulnerabilitiesandthemeanstoplugthesecurityholes.Beproactiveandvigilant,andmakeuseofthenumerousresourcesatyourdisposal.

1.Thewriterseemstofeelthat().

2.Thetwofigures"$17.1billion”and“$12.1billion”arementionedforthereadersto().

3.Toobtaindetailedinformationaboutviruses,wecanresortto().

4.Bysimplycheckingthetop20list,wemay().

5.Apropertitleforthispassagemightbe().

问题1选项

A.theconcernabouttheerosionoflibertiesisunnecessary

B.theroutinescanningofvirusescausesmuchinconveniencetoendusers

C.theneedforcomputingsecuritymakesinconveniencetolerable

D.libertycanbeguaranteedonlyifsecurityisachievedfirst

问题2选项

A.makesenseofthedamagesthathavebeendonesofarthisyear

B.seethedecreaseofthecostofvirusattacks

C.calculatethecostofvirusattacksfortheyear2001

D.paymoreattentiontoanti-virusresources

问题3选项

A.theStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram

B.

C.

D.www.S

问题4选项

A.obtainapictureofmajorsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystems

B.identifyapossiblesecurityholeinourcomputersystems

C.improvethesecuritystatusofourcomputersystems

D.protectourcomputersystemsfromvirusattacks

问题5选项

A.TheAftermathofSept.11

B.LibertyvsSecurity

C.StrategiesforBattlingVirus

D.VirusAttack—AnotherFormofSept11

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一段最后一句onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches,提到我们需要牺牲一些自由来免受电脑病毒和其他风险的威胁。选项D“有了安全才能有自由”符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段提到病毒不仅仅让人们不方便,更严重的是导致了真正的损失。然后列举了有关清理病毒的费用,是为了强调病毒的破坏性。选项A符合题意。

第3题:文章倒数第二段第二句话TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.Symantec,com/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses提到了了解关于病毒的信息可以到网站上去找,选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第六段第二句ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist提到之所以这些系统会被病毒侵蚀是因为安全系统中存在漏洞,所以列出的名单中的网址都可能存在一些漏洞。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章主要是在讲述如何战胜电脑病毒,所以选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

Herknowledgeandexperiencewouldmakehera(n)()assettotheteam.

问题1选项

A.worthless

B.priceless

C.valueless

D.inexpensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。worthless“不值钱的,无价值的”;priceless“无价的,极贵重的”;valueless“无价值的,微不足道的”;inexpensive“便宜的”。句意:她的学识和经验将成为团队无价的资产。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

Shewasunimpressedbytheactor,describinghimas“avainmanand(

)dull”.

问题1选项

A.intensively

B.intensely

C.downright

D.actual

【答案】A

【解析】考查词性词义辨析。题干中的dull为形容词,所以应该用副词修饰。排除选项C和D:downright“直率的,真实的”;actual“真实的”。intensively“强烈地,集中地”;intensely“强烈地,热情地,紧张地”,常用来形容某种性质或者感情到达的程度很高。intensively包含intensely的意思,但是更强调“精细地;集中地”。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Intheir()

thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.

问题1选项

A.eulogy

B.heyday

C.summit

D.mundaneness

【答案】B

【解析】eulogy“颂词”;heyday“全盛期”;summit“顶点”;mundaneness“世俗,平凡”。句意:在他们的全盛时期,这个团队的销售量是本国其他所有团队的销售量总和。选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Heneverdoesanydisinterestedaction;he'salwaysonthe()

.

问题1选项

A.make

B.move

C.rise

D.go

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。onthemake“急于求成,唯利是图”;onthemove“四处奔波”;ontherise“在增加”;onthego“忙个不停”。句意:他从来不会做任何无利可图的事情,他一直都是唯利是图。选项A符合题意。

20.单选题

Hehadbeen()toappearincourtonchargesofincitementoflawbreaking.

问题1选项

A.illuminated

B.summoned

C.prevailed

D.trailed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。illuminate“照亮,照射,阐明,启发”;summon“召唤,传唤,请求”;prevail“流行,盛行,获胜”;trail“拖,曳”。句意:他因为被控告为违法煽动(民众)而被传唤到法庭。选项B符合题意。

21.单选题

_______nothingmoretosay,themangottohisfeet,saidgoodbyeandlefttheroom.

问题1选项

A.Therewas

B.Astherebeing

C.Being

D.Therebeing

【答案】D

【解析】考查therebe句型。therebe结构的独立主格的用法。选项D符合题意。句意:男子没有多说什么,起身道别,离开了房间。

22.填空题

Businessandgovernmentleadersconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrisesinprices.Whenyourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget(1)forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore,inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise(2)thepricesandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasatimewhen“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.

Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthebest.Retiredpeople,forinstancecannotcount(3)anincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto(4)theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincomeoranyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingtokeepupwithrisingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop(5)somenecessaryitems,suchasfoodandclothing.Evenforworkingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup,inflationcanbeaproblem.Thecostoflivinggoes(6),too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeeppacewith(7)prices,thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesame(8)ofmoney,buttheyarenotlivingaswellbecausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.

Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexesfrom(9)therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepriceforagivenyearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100,andtheotherpricesarereportedasapercentageofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes(10)possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods,forexample,withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyear.

【答案】1.less

2.in

3.on

4.meet

5.buying

6.down

7.rising

8.amount

9.which

10.it

【解析】1.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的前一句解释了什么是通货膨胀:消费需求增加,物价上涨,从而货币贬值。用同样的钱买到的东西比以前要少,所以空格处填less。

2.考查固定搭配。在某些方面增加用介词in。

3.考查固定搭配。counton“指望,依靠”,退休人员指望不上收入能够随着物价上涨而增加。

4.考查固定搭配。meetone’sneeds“满足某人的需要”,老年人在通货膨胀的时代无法让自己的收入来满足自己的需求。

5.考查动词用法。空格处所在句子的前一句句意是:许多退休人员为了跟上上涨的物价,必须要缩减自己的开支。由此可知他们放弃了很多需要购买的东西,buying符合题意。

6.考查固定搭配。godown“下降”。由于通货膨胀,导致了生活开支水平下降。

7.考查前后逻辑。全文一直提到物价上涨,空格处需要填写的也是一个表示物价增长的词,rising符合题意。

8.考查固定搭配。thesameamountof“同等数量的”。

9.考查定语从句。定语从句用来修饰priceindexes(价格指数),which符合题意。

10.考查固定用法。makeitpossible“使它成为可能”。

23.单选题

Westernmedicine,()scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees,isonlyoneofmanysystemsofhealing.

问题1选项

A.rootedin

B.originatedfrom

C.trappedin

D.indulgedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。rootin“来源于,起因于”;originatefrom“发源于,起源于”;trapin“受困于”;indulgein“沉溺于”。句意:西药从科学发展而来,通过人们的实践获得国际认定的医学地位,它只是众多治疗系统中的一种。originatefrom指一般意义上的来源于某地。rootin有“扎根于,根植于”的意思。所以选项A更恰当。

24.单选题

Althoughthefalsebanknotesfooledmanypeople,theydidnot()toacloseexamination.

问题1选项

A.keepup

B.putup

C.standup

D.lookup

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。keepup“保持,继续”;putup“举起,抬起”;standup“坚持,经得起”;lookup“查询,拜访”。句意:尽管假钞欺骗了很多人,但是它们经不住仔细检查。选项C符合题意。

25.单选题

Studentswhogetveryhighmarkswillbe()fromthefinalexamination.

问题1选项

A.expelled

B.banished

C.absolved

D.ousted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。expel“驱逐,开除”;banish“流放,放逐”;absolve“宣布免除”;oust“剥夺,取代,驱逐”。句意:得高分的学生可免除期末考试。选项C符合题意。

26.单选题

Wearesurprisedtofindthathehasa(n)()streak,withthetendencyofrememberingthewrongsdonetohim.

问题1选项

A.vengeful

B.invincible

C.vulnerable

D.violent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。vengeful“复仇的,报复的”;invincible“无敌的,不能征服的”;vulnerable“易受攻击的”;violent“暴力的,猛烈的”。句意:我们惊讶地发现他有报复心理,他记着那些做了对不起他的事的人。选项A符合题意。

27.单选题

ThefamouswriterwasborninHerbamsted,whichwas_______towntobeonthemap.

问题1选项

A.tooasmall

B.atoosmall

C.asmalltoo

D.toosmalla

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定句型。too+形容词+a+名词单数+todo。句意:这位著名的作家生于Herbamsted,这个地方太小,地图上都没有。选项D符合题意。

28.单选题

Whathetoldmewasa()ofdownrightlies.

问题1选项

A.load

B.mob

C.pack

D.flock

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。load“负荷,重担,装载量”;mob“暴民,乌合之众”;pack“包裹,背包”;flock“(飞禽,牲畜等的)群”。句意:他告诉我的都是一些明显的谎言。aloadof“大量,许多”,选项A符合题意。

29.单选题

ResalepriceMaintenanceisthenameusedwhenaretaileriscompelledtosellatapricefixedbythemanufacturerinsteadofchoosingforhimselfhowmuchtoaddontothewholesalepricehepaysforhissupplies.Thispracticeisassociatedwiththesaleof“branded”goods,whichnowformaveryconsiderableproportionofconsumers’purchases,andithasledtoagreatdealofcontroversy.

Generallysucharticlesarepackedandadvertisedbythemanufacturers,whotrytocreateaspecial“image”inthemindsofpossiblepurchasers—animagemadeupofdielookofthearticle,itsuse,itspriceandeverythingelsewhichmightleadpurchaserstoaskforthatbrandratherthananyother.Ifaretailerisallowedtochoiceanypricehelikeshemayfinditworthwhiletosellonebrandat“cut”priceseventhoughthisinvolvesaloss,becausehehopestoattractcustomerstotheshopwheretheymaybepersuadedtobuymanyothertypesofgoodsathigherprices.Themanufacturerofthebrandthathasbeen“cut”fearsthattheretailermaybetemptedtoreducetheservicesonthisarticle;butevenifhedoesnotthereisadanger;thatthecustomerbecomesunsettled,andisunwillingtopaythe“standard”priceofthearticlebecausehefeelsthatheisbeing“done”.Thismay,andindeedoftendoes,affectthereputationofthemanufacturerandlosehimhismarketinthelongrun.

Itissometimessaidalsothatthehousewife—whoistheprincipalbuyerofmostofthesegoods—prefersafixedpricebecausesheknowswheresheisandissavedthebotherofgoingfromshoptoshopinsearchoflowerprices.Ifoneshopcutallthepricesofitsbandedgoodsshewouldundoubtedlyhaveanadvantageinshoppingthere.Butthisdoesnothappen.Astoreusuallythepriceofoneortwoofitsarticleswhichactasadecoyandmakesupitslossesonothers,andchangesthecut-pricearticlesfromweektoweeksoastoattractdifferentgroupsofcustomers.Andsothehousewifemayfeelratherguiltyifshedoesnotspendtimetrackingdownthecheapergoods.Howfarthisistrueisamatteroftemperamentanditisimpossibletoestimatewhatproportionifpurchaserspreferapricethattheycanrelyonwherevertheychoosetobuyandwhatproportionenjoythechallengeinvolvedinfindingthestorethatoffersthemabargain.

ThosewhoopposeResalePriceMaintenance,ontheotherhand,pointoutthattherearenowagreatmanydifferentchannelsofdistribution—chainstores,departmentstores,cooperativestores,independentorunitshops,supermarkets,mail-orderhouses,andsoon.Itwouldbeabsurdtoassumethatallofthemprice?Iftheywereallowedtochooseforthemselves,themoreefficientretailerswouldsellatlowerpricesandconsumerswouldbenefit.Asitis,theretailpricemustbesufficienttocoverthecostsoftheefficientavenuesofdistributionandthismeanstheothersmakeabiggerprofitthannecessaryattheexpenseofthepublic.Thesupportersofthefixespricearguethatthisisonlyhalfthestory.Theefficienttradercanstillcompetewithoutloweringhisprices.Hecanofferbetterservice—longcredit,orquickdeliveryorapleasantshopdecororhelpfulassistants—andcandothiswithoutimperilingthelong-terminterestsofthemanufacturer.

1.Manufacturersopposeretailerscuttingpricesontheirgoodsmainlybecausetheythink().

2.Supportersofthefixedpriceboldthatanefficienttradercanstillmakemoneywithoutloweringpricesby().

3.Bysaying“Hefeelsthatheisbeing‘done’,theauthormeansthatcustomerthinks().

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Thesentence“Sheknowswheresheis"inthethirdparagraphcanbeparaphrasedas()

问题1选项

A.retailersmayeventuallystopsellingtheirproducts

B.itmayreducecustomersconfidenceintheirproducts

C.customersmayfeeluneasywhenpricesvary

D.itmaysometimesleadtopoorservice

问题2选项

A.allowingcustomerstimetopay

B.hiringassistantsforlonghoursandlowwages

C.advertisingformoreeffectively

D.establishinglong-termrelationswithmanufacturers

问题3选项

A.someoneisdespisinghim

B.someoneismaltreatinghim

C.someoneisblackmailinghim

D.someoneischeatinghim

问题4选项

A.Goodserviceotherthanpriceisimportantinattractingcustomers

B.AnarticlewithoutabrandnameisnotsubjecttoResalePriceMaintenance

C.Manufacturersattempttoinfluencepossiblepurchasersbymakingtheirproductseasytoidentity.

D.Housewivespreferfixedpricesbecausefixedpricesaremuchlesslikelytofluctuate.

问题5选项

A.Sheknowsherplace

B.Sheknowsherstuff

C.Shefeelssecure

D.Shefeelsintoxicated

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第二段第三句话Themanufacturerofthebrandthathasbeen‘cut’fearsthattheretailermaybetemptedtoreducetheservicesonthisarticle,生产商担心那个商品降价会导致零售商降低对该商品顾客的服务,所以选项D符合题意。

第2题:文章最后一段最后一句话Hecanofferbetterservice—longcredit,orquickdeliveryorapleasantshopdecororhelpfulassistants,零售商为顾客提供更优质的服务,比如延长支付时间,快速送货或者把店面装饰得很漂亮,或者找一些有用的助手,选项A符合题意。

第3题:sb.isbeingdone“某人被欺骗”,所以选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第一段提到thispracticeisassociatedwiththesaleof“branded”goods,这种做法是跟品牌货物相连的,所以可以推论不是名牌的商品不受固定价格的约束,所以选项B排除;第二段generallysucharticlesarepackedandadvertisedbythemanufacturers,whotrytocreateaspecialimageinthemindsofpossiblepurchasers…,生厂商希望在潜在的顾客心中塑造一个特别的形象,所以选项C排除;第三段itissometimessaidalsothatthehousewifewhoistheprincipalbuyerofmostofthesegoodsprefers…,家庭主妇们会感到安全,避免为了寻找更低的价格从一家商店跑到另一家,所以选项D排除。因此选项A符合题意。

第5题:根据上下文可知家庭主妇喜欢固定的价格是因为这样可以不用在不同商店之间来回比价格,并且还说到如果没有去价格更便宜的商店买东西,她们会感到懊恼,所以可以判断sheknowswheresheis是感到安全的意思。选项C符合题意。

30.单选题

Creamisayellowishoil-in-water()whichformsWhenmilkisallowedtostand.

问题1选项

A.emulsion

B.albumen

C.embrocation

D.yolk

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。emulsion“乳剂”;albumen“蛋白”;embrocation“擦剂”;yolk“蛋黄”。句意:奶油是一种淡黄色的水包油乳剂,牛奶凝固就可形成奶油。选项A符合题意。

31.单选题

Ifsheisstupid,she’s()pleasanttolookat.

问题1选项

A.atanyrate

B.bychance

C.ataloss

D.bytheway

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。atanyrate“无论如何,至少”;bychance“偶然,意外地”;ataloss“困惑不解”;bytheway“顺便说说,顺便问一下”。句意:即使她很愚笨,至少她很好看。选项A符合题意。

32.单选题

Thecomputerdoesn't()humanthought;itreachesthesameendsbydifferentmeans.

问题1选项

A.flunk

B.renew

C.succumb

D.mimic

【答案】D

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