2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号77

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.

问题1选项

A.bargainforyou

B.borrowmoneyforyou

C.sharethecostwithyou

D.standonyourside

【答案】C

【解析】standinwith意为与……联合，同……分担。bargainforyou讨价还价；borrowmoneyforyou借钱；sharethecostwithyou一起承担；standonyourside站在你这边。选项C与之意思相近。

2.单选题

Theyhavealwaysregardedamanof（

）andfairnessasareliablefriend.

问题1选项

A.robustness

B.temperament

C.integrity

D.compactness

【答案】C

【解析】robustness稳健性，健壮性；temperament气质，性情；integrity完整，正直；compactness简洁，紧密。句意：他们一直把正直、公正的人看作可靠的朋友。选项C符合语境。

3.单选题

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotakeatestforalcoholicdrinking.

问题1选项

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.problem

【答案】A

【解析】violation违反，妨碍，侵害；accident意外，事故；congestion拥挤，拥塞。句意：任何因轻微交通违章被警察拦下的司机都可以被要求做酒精测试。选项A符合句意。

4.单选题

Mintisanherbthatiswellknownforthearomaticoildistilledfromallpartsoftheplant.

问题1选项

A.valuable

B.fragrant

C.medicinal

D.flavorful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：薄荷是一种药草，因其各个部位可蒸馏芳香油而闻名。aromatic意为芳香的。valuable有价值的，贵重的；fragrant芬芳的，芳香的；medicinal药用的；有益的；flavorful可口的，充满……味道的。选项B与之意思最为相近。

5.单选题

Theseveranceofchurchandstateisabasicprincipleofthatgovernment.

问题1选项

A.coalition

B.separation

C.succession

D.interchangeability

【答案】B

【解析】severance意为分离，隔离。coalition联合，合并；separation分离，间隔；succession连续，继位；interchangeability可交换性。选项B与之意思相近。

6.单选题

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.

问题1选项

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert维护，主张，声称；forge伪造，锻造；undermine破坏，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

Lifedependsonthebalancebetweentheheatreceivedfromthesunandtheheatlosttocoolersurroundings.

问题1选项

A.equilibrium

B.contrast

C.exchange

D.relationship

【答案】A

【解析】equilibrium均衡，平静；contrast对比，差别；exchange交换，兑换；relationship关系，关联。balance意为平衡，选项A与之意思相近。

8.单选题

Whydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（

）?

问题1选项

A.ingredients

B.components

C.elements

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】ingredient成分，配料，原料；component组件，元件；element元素，要素；compound化合物；混合物。句意：为什么素食餐厅的菜除了配料外，其他各个方面都像肉？选项A符合语境。

9.单选题

Whilethereislittlesystematicworkrelatingforeignlanguagelearningstrategiestosuccess,thereareanumberofobservationswhichcanbemadeaboutindividualswhoaregoodlanguagelearners.

IhavebeenabletoisolatesomeoftheindividualsbyobservingstudentsinclassroomsinCaliforniaandHawaii,byobservingmyselfandtalkingtoothergoodlanguagelearners,byelicitingobservationsfromsomesecondlanguageteachers.AsIhavebeguntoobserveclasses,whatfascinatesmeishowoftentheteacherplowsaheadwiththelessonseeminglywithlittleawarenessofwhatisgoingonineachstudent,andoftenwithoutdirectingtheattentionofthepoorerstudentstohowthesuccessfulstudentarrivedathisanswer.Thatis,manyforeignlanguageteachersareconcernedwithfindingthebestmethodorwithgettingthecorrectanswer,yettheteachersfailtoattendtothelearningprocess.Iftheyattendedtoitmore,theymightbeabletotailortheirinputtotheirstudents'needsandmightbeabletoprovidetheirstudentswithtechniquesthatwouldenablethemtolearnontheirown.Indeed,nocoursecouldeverteachallweneedtoknowaboutalanguage,andthestudentsmustfindthemeanstohelpthemselves,whentheteacherisnotaround.

Thetaskofobservingthesestrategiesisacomplicatedonebecausethestrategiesnecessarilyinvolvecognitiveprocesseswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletospecify.However,whenourattentionisfocusedonobservingthesestrategies,Ithinkwemayfinditeasiertoisolatesomeofthem.Justrecently,Idiscoveredthatbyusingvideotapeswehopetohelplearnersandteachersseewhatisgoingonintheclassroom.Wehopetobeable,aswell,toabstractthelearnerstrategiesbyinterviewingthelearnerabouthisbehaviorduringaparticularclassroomwhichshowingthematapeoftheirownbehavior.

Inspiteofthefactthatweareonlybeginningtoisolatethesestrategies,Ithinkthatitisusefultolistsomeoftheonesfoundthusfar.TheyremaingeneralbutgiveanideaofthekindofstrategiesIthinkweoughttobelookingfor.

1.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Theauthorformedsomeideasaboutthefeaturesofgoodforeignlanguagelearningbygettinginformationfrom（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatthemostimportanttaskofagoodlanguageteacheris

（

）.

4.“Theymightbeabletotailortheirinputtotheirstudents'needs”means

（

）.

5.Observinglanguagelearningstrategiesisverycomplicatedbecause（

）.

问题1选项

A.TheSuccessfulLanguageLearner

B.RelationshipbetweenTeachingandLearning

C.LanguageLearningStrategies

D.ObservationsofLanguageClasses

问题2选项

A.languageclassrooms

B.talkswithstudents

C.lecturesonthistopic

D.foreignteachers

问题3选项

A.toteachstudentslearningstrategies

B.tousethetextbookskillfullyandflexibly

C.tolookforasuitableteachingmethodfortheclass

D.tohelpstudentsdeveloptheirownleaningmethods

问题4选项

A.theycouldprovidetechniquestofindoutthestudents'needs

B.theycouldadjusttheirteachingtotheneedsofindividualstudents

C.theycouldcutoutredundantmaterialstomeettheirstudents'needs

D.theycouldrevisethetextbooktosuittheneedsoftheirstudents

问题5选项

A.eitherthelearnerortheteacherwillfinditdifficulttospecifywhatexactlytheyare

B.neitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletodescribethemprecisely

C.theyarerelatedtotheprocessesoflearningwhicheventheteachercannotstateprecisely

D.theyinvolvetheleaningprocesswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletoisolate

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文有一个关键词“strategies”,所以本文主要讲的是语言学习策略。选项C正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第二段第一句“...byobservingmyselfandtalkingtoothergoodlanguagelearners...”……通过观察自己和与其他优秀的语言学习者交谈……选项B符合原文。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数二三句，许多外语老师关心的是找到最好的方法或得到正确的答案，然而老师没有注意到学习的过程。如果更多地关注过程，他们可以调整教学方法来满足学生的需求，并且能够向学生提供使他们能够自学的方法。也就是说，帮助学生发展自己的学习方法，选项D符合原文。

4.推理判断题。根据上一题可知，原文表达的意思是：他们可以调整教学方法来满足学生的需求。也就是说，他们可以根据个别学生的需要调整教学，选项B与原文表述一致，所以正确。

5.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“...becausethestrategiesnecessarilyinvolvecognitiveprocesseswhichneitherthelearnernortheteachermaybeabletospecify.”观察这些策略的任务是一项复杂的任务，因为这些策略必然涉及认知过程，而学习者和教师都无法具体说明这些过程。either...or...指“不是……就是……”，neither...nor...指的是二者都不，所以选项B正确。

10.单选题

Akilnisatypeofoveninwhichclayis（

）sothatithardensintoaformofceramicmaterial.

问题1选项

A.repaired

B.baked

C.melted

D.lightened

【答案】B

【解析】repair修理，修补；bake烤，烘焙；melt使融化，使软化；lighten使照亮，使轻松。句意：窑是一种把黏土烧制变硬成为陶瓷材料的炉子。选项B符合语境。

11.单选题

Imustgonow,and（

）ifyouwantthatbookI'llbringitnexttime.

问题1选项

A.Successively

B.respectively

C.incidentally

D.accidentally

【答案】C

【解析】successively相继地，接连着地；respectively分别地，各自地；incidentally顺便，偶然地，附带地；accidentally偶然地，意外地。句意：我现在必须得走了，顺便说一句，如果你想要那本书，我下次会带来。选项C符合句意。

12.单选题

LargeareasofAlaskanlandremaindesolateduetoharshclimate.

问题1选项

A.inaccessible

B.immature

C.parched

D.stark

【答案】D

【解析】句意：由于气候恶劣，阿拉斯加的大片土地仍然荒凉。desolate意为“荒凉的，无人烟的”。inaccessible难达到的，难接近的；immature不成熟的；parched炎热的，干透的；stark荒凉的，光秃秃的。选项D与之意思相近。

13.单选题

Thesearesignsthatthepresidencywillattempttoputenvironmentalissuesonhighits（

）.

问题1选项

A.legislation

B.trend

C.mainstream

D.agenda

【答案】D

【解析】legislation立法，法律；trend趋势，倾向；mainstream主流；agenda议程，日程表。句意：这些迹象表明，总统将试图把环境问题提上议程。选项D符合句意。

14.单选题

Eachmorningthepriestspentanhourinquietcontemplation.

问题1选项

A.intuition

B.reflection

C.meditation

D.perception

【答案】C

【解析】句意：牧师每天早晨花一个小时静静地沉思。contemplation意为“沉思”。intuition直觉；reflection映像，反射；meditation冥想，沉思，静坐；perception洞察力，看法。选项C与之意思相近。

15.单选题

Her（

）mannerembarrassedtheothersattheparty.

问题1选项

A.affable

B.tractable

C.sapid

D.gauche

【答案】D

【解析】affable和蔼可亲的，友善的；tractable易于管教的，易驾驭的；sapid有滋味的，有趣的；gauche笨拙的，粗鲁的，不善交际的。句意：她在聚会上笨拙的举止使其他人感到很尴尬。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

“Betterlatethannever”isa（

）thatisveryfamiliartomostEnglishspeakers.

问题1选项

A.plaudit

B.plenary

C.plenty

D.platitude

【答案】D

【解析】plaudit喝彩，赞美；plenary全体会议；plenty大量，充足；platitude陈词滥调。句意：“迟做总比不做好”是大多数说英语的人都很熟悉的陈词滥调。选项D符合句意。

17.单选题

Let'sputanendtothisunnecessaryand（

）destructionofourenvironment.

问题1选项

A.wanton

B.illiterate

C.decisive

D.competitive

【答案】A

【解析】wanton荒唐的，无节制的；illiterate文盲的，不识字的；decisive决定性的，果断的；competitive竞争的，比赛的。句意：让我们停止对环境不必要的以及无节制的破坏。选项A符合句意。

18.单选题

AsnineteenthcenturyAmericanculturalaspirationsexpanded,womensteppedintoanewroleasinterpretersofart,bothbywritingworksonarthistoryandbyteachingart.

问题1选项

A.ambitions

B.imagination

C.patronage

D.opportunities

【答案】A

【解析】句意：随着19世纪美国文化抱负的扩大，女性通过撰写艺术史作品和教授艺术，开始扮演艺术印象派的新角色。aspirations意为“愿望，志向，抱负”。ambitions抱负，雄心，野心；imagination想象（力），空想；patronage赞助，光顾；opportunities机会。选项A与之意思相近。

19.单选题

IthasbeentenyearssinceI（

）youlast.

问题1选项

A.see

B.saw

C.didn'tsee

D.haven'tseen

【答案】B

【解析】根据last可知这里应该为一般过去时，排除选项A和D；根据句意可知，选项B正确。句意：自从我上次见你到现在已经有十年了。

20.单选题

Isuggestedheshould（

）himselftohisnewconditions.

问题1选项

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.regulate

D.suit

【答案】A

【解析】adapt使适应，改编；adopt采取，接受；regulate调节，规定；suit合适，相称。根据句意可知，这里应该是使自己适应新环境，所以选项A正确。

21.单选题

Hisfatherreadthenewspaperatthekitchentable,allthewhiledelivering（

）onthepoliticsofthedayforthebenefitofanyonewithinearshot.

问题1选项

A.complements

B.remarks

C.speech

D.animadversions

【答案】D

【解析】complement补语，补足物；remark言辞；speech演讲，讲话；animadversion批评，评语。句意：他的父亲坐在餐桌旁看报纸，一直批判当今政治只对极少数人有利。选项D更符合语境。

22.单选题

Hervoice（

）assheadmittedwhatshehaddone.

问题1选项

A.hesitated

B.injected

C.floated

D.slid

【答案】A

【解析】hesitate踌躇，犹豫；inject注入，注射；float浮动，飘流；slid滑落，不知不觉地陷入。句意：她承认自己所做的事时，她的表达有些犹豫。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

EverySundayeveningthereisa（

）ofpeoplearoundthepavilionintheparksinceithasbecomearegularsiteforanEnglishcorner.

问题1选项

A.congruence

B.congratulation

C.congress

D.congregation

【答案】D

【解析】congruence适合，一致；congratulation祝贺，贺辞；congress代表大会；congregation集会，集合。句意：自从这里成为英语角的固定场所后，每个星期天的晚上都会有很多人聚集在公园的亭子周围。选项D符合句意。

24.单选题

Herpeerswereherworstcritics.

问题1选项

A.students

B.equals

C.teachers

D.subordinates

【答案】B

【解析】peer意为同等的人，同龄人。equal同辈，相等的事物；subordinate下属，从属。选项B与之意思相近。

25.单选题

InthefaceofanuncooperativeCongress,theChiefExecutivemayfindhimself（

）toaccomplishthepoliticalprogramtowhichheiscommitted.

问题1选项

A.neutral

B.impotent

C.impudent

D.pious

【答案】B

【解析】neutral中立的；impotent无力的，无效的；impudent鲁莽的，无礼的；pious虔诚的，尽责的。句意：面对不合作的国会，行政长官可能会发现自己无力完成他所承诺的政治计划。选项B符合句意。

26.单选题

Wearenotsurethathewillbeableto（

）theshockofgoingbankrupt.

问题1选项

A.getover

B.putthrough

C.takeup

D.dependupon

【答案】A

【解析】getover克服，恢复，熬过；putthrough接通，完成，使经受；takeup拿起，开始从事；dependupon依赖，取决于。句意：我们不确定他能否从破产的打击中恢复过来。选项A符合句意。

27.单选题

Thereisnoreasontoinsultand（

）themansimplybecauseyoudonotagreewithhim.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.enervate

C.distort

D.defame

【答案】D

【解析】depict描述，描画；enervate使衰弱，使失去活力；distort扭曲，变形；defame诽谤，中伤。句意：如果仅仅是因为你不同意他的观点，那么你没有理由侮辱和诋毁他。选项D符合句意。

28.单选题

Allindividualsarerequiredto（

）tothelawsmadebytheirgovernments.

问题1选项

A.obey

B.conform

C.concede

D.observe

【答案】B

【解析】obey服从，听从；conform遵守，使一致，顺从；concede承认，退让；observe观察，注意到，评论。句意：所有个人都必须遵守政府制定的法律。选项B符合句意。

29.单选题

Manydoctorsarestillgeneralpractitioners,butthe（

）istowardspecializationinmedicine.

问题1选项

A.rumor

B.prejudice

C.tendency

D.security

【答案】C

【解析】rumor谣言，传闻；prejudice偏见，侵害；tendency倾向，趋势，癖好；security安全，保证。句意：尽管许多医生仍然是普通的实习生，但在医学上倾向于专门化。选项C符合句意。

30.单选题

YoucancountonwhatSusanreportedjustnowbecauseshehadenough（

）totellthetruth.

问题1选项

A.candle

B.cannon

C.candor

D.canyon

【答案】C

【解析】candle蜡烛；cannon大炮；candor坦白，直率；canyon峡谷。句意：你可以相信苏珊刚才所说的话，因为她足够坦白说出事实真相。选项C符合语境。

31.单选题

Lisa'sfriendshavevaryingcapacitiestocopewiththeaffliction.

问题1选项

A.situation

B.misfortune

C.change

D.affection

【答案】B

【解析】affliction意为苦难，折磨。situation情况，形势，处境；misfortune不幸，灾祸，灾难；change变化，找零；affection喜爱，感情，影响。选项B与之意思相近。

32.单选题

Althoughtheyareaninexpensivesupplierofvitamins,minerals,andhigh-qualityprotein,eggsalsocontainahighlevelofbloodcholesterol,oneofthemajorcausesofheartdisease.Oneeggyolk,infact,containsalittlemorethantwo-thirdsofthesuggesteddailycholesterollimit.Thisknowledgehascausedeggsalestoplummetinrecentyears,whichinturnhasbroughtaboutthedevelopmentofseveralalternativestoeatingregulareggs.Onealternativeistoeatsubstituteeggs.Theseeggsubstituteshavinglowercholesterolrates,andtheycanbescrambledorusedinbaking.Onedisadvantage,however,isthattheyarenotgoodforfrying,poaching,orboiling.Asecondalternativetoregulareggsisanewtypeofegg,sometimescalled“designer”eggs.Theseeggsareproducedbyhensthatarefedlow-fatdietsconsistingofingredientssuchascanolaoil,flax,andricebean.Inspiteoftheirdiets,however,thesehensproduceeggsthatcontainthesameamountofcholesterolasregulareggs.Yet,theproducersoftheseeggsclaimthateatingtheireggswillnotraisethebloodcholesterolinhumans.

Eggproducersclaimthattheirproducthasbeenportrayedunfairly.Theycitescientificstudiestobackuptheirclaim.And,infact,studiesontherelationshipbetweeneggsandhumancholesterollevelshavebroughtmixedresults.Itmaybethatitisnotthetypeofeggthatisthemaindeterminantofcholesterolbutthepersonwhoiseatingtheeggs.Somepeoplemaybemoresensitivetocholesterolderivedfromfoodthanotherpeople.Infact,thereisevidencethatcertaindietaryfatsstimulatethebody'sproductionofbloodcholesterol.Consequently,whileitstillmakessensetolimitone'sintakeofeggs,evendesignereggs,itseemsthatdoingthiswithoutregulatingdietaryfatwillprobablynothelpreducethebloodcholesterollevel.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisacauseofheartdisease?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenthecauseforchangesinthesaleofeggs?

4.Accordingtothepassage,oneeggyolkcontainsapproximatelywhatfractionofthesuggesteddailylimitforhumanconsumptionofcholesterol?

5.Accordingtothepassage,eggsubstitutescannotbeusedtomakeanyofthefollowingtypesofeggsEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.toinformpeopleabouttherelationshipbetweeneggsandcholesterol

B.toconvincepeopletoeat“designer”eggsandeggsubstitutes

C.topersuadepeoplethateggsareunhealthyandshouldnotbeeaten

D.tointroducetheideathatdietaryfatincreasesthebloodcholesterollevel

问题2选项

A.minerals

B.cholesterol

C.vitamins

D.canolaoil

问题3选项

A.dietarychangesinhens

B.decreasedproduction

C.increasingprice

D.ashrinkingmarket

问题4选项

A.l/3

B.l/2

C.2/3

D.3/4

问题5选项

A.scrambled

B.fried

C.poached

D.boiled

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是鸡蛋里面含有胆固醇，对人体产生影响，所以本文的目的是告诉人们鸡蛋和胆固醇之间的关系，选项A正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“...eggsalsocontainahighlevelofbloodcholesterol,oneofthemajorcausesofheartdisease.”鸡蛋也含有高水平的血液胆固醇，是心脏病的主要原因之一。所以选项B正确。

3.推理判断题。根据第一段二三四句“Oneeggyolk,...Onealternativeistoeatsubstituteeggs.”事实上，一个蛋黄的胆固醇含量仅略高于建议的每日胆固醇上限的三分之二。这一认识导致鸡蛋销量近年来直线下降，这反过来又带来了几种食用普通鸡蛋的替代品的开发。一种选择是吃鸡蛋替代品。由此可知，是因为使用了替代品，原有的市场萎缩了，所以选项D正确。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Oneeggyolk,infact,containsalittlemorethantwo-thirdsofthesuggesteddailycholesterollimit.”一个蛋黄的胆固醇含量仅略高于建议的每日胆固醇上限的三分之二。选项中高于三分之二的只有3/4，所以选项D符合题意。

5.推理判断题。根据第一段“Onedisadvantage,however,isthattheyarenotgoodforfrying,poaching,orboiling.”可知选项A正确。

33.单选题

Forseveralyearsthelivesofthetwooldladiescontinuedtorevolveinintimateenmityaroundeachother.

问题1选项

A.companionship

B.hospitality

C.amiability

D.hostility

【答案】D

【解析】句意：几年来，这两位老太太的生活一直围绕着彼此的恩怨而转。enmity意为敌意，憎恨。companionship友谊，伴侣；hospitality殷勤，好客；amiability和蔼可亲，友善；hostility敌意，敌对。选项D与之意思相近。

34.单选题

Duringtheconstructionofskyscrapers,cranesareusedto（

）buildingmaterialstotheupperfloors.

问题1选项

A.toss

B.tow

C.hoist

D.hurl

【答案】C

【解析】toss投掷，颠簸，摇匀；tow拖，拽，牵引；hoist吊起，升起；hurl丢下，用力投掷。句意：在摩天大楼的建造过程中，起重机被用来把建筑材料吊到较高的楼层。选项C符合句意。

35.单选题

Whichhislackofexperienceandsmallerphysique,wedon'tthinkhe（

）achanceofwinningthefight.

问题1选项

A.stands

B.gained

C.possessed

D.took

【答案】A

【解析】standachanceofdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“有可能做某事”，所以选项A正确。

36.单选题

Somescientistshypothesizedthatthereareintellectualbeingsonsome（

）bodies.

问题1选项

A.astronautic

B.celestial

C.astronomical

D.astrological

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项astronautic“太空航行的，宇航员的”，C项astronomical“天文的，天文学的”，D项astrological“占星的，占星学的，占星术的”，B项celestial“天上的，天空的”，celestialbody表示“天体”。由intellectualbeings“有智力的生物”可知，空格部分表示“在一些天体上”。句意：一些科学家假设某些天体上有智慧生物。因此，该题选择B项正确。

37.单选题

Avilesmellhungintheair.

问题1选项

A.burnt

B.unpleasant

C.sweet

D.fruity

【答案】B

【解析】句意：空气中弥漫着一股难闻的气味。vile意为邪恶的，肮脏的。选项B更符合句意所表达的意思。

38.单选题

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（

）.

问题1选项

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】identify确定，鉴定，识别；guarantee保证，担保；notify通告，通知，公布；convey传达，运输。句意：尽管可能导致癌症的某些条件已经确定，但基本原因还是未知数。选项A符合句意。

39.单选题

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax（

）.

问题1选项

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】efficiency效率，效能，功效；revenue税收收入，收益；privilege特权，优待；validity有效性，正确性。句意：城市规划委员会表示，他们对明年的财政前景持乐观态度。他们期望税收收入增加。选项B符合句意。

40.单选题

Culturelikenonverbalbehaviortendstoelusive,andhasapotentinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.

问题1选项

A.hidden

B.visible

C.difficulttounderstand

D.tangible

【答案】C

【解析】句意：像非语言行为这样的文化往往是晦涩难懂的，并且在跨文化交际中有着强大的影响。elusive意为“难懂的”。hidden隐藏的；visible看得见的，现有的；difficulttounderstand难以理解；tangible有形的，可触摸的。选项C最符合原句所表达的意思。

41.单选题

Nowadaysmoneyisstillamajor（

）inmostoccupations.

问题1选项

A.incentive

B.meticulous

C.formative

D.provision

【答案】A

【解析】Incentive动机，刺激，激励；meticulous一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的；formative形成的，造型的，格式化的；provision规定，条款，供应物。句意：如今，在大多数职业中，金钱仍然是主要的激励因素。选项A符合句意。

42.单选题

Whenshebeganthejob,Lisashowed（

）andwaspromotedtoamanagerafterayear.

问题1选项

A.nitiative

B.ambition

C.attribute

D.peculiarity

【答案】B

【解析】initiative主动权，首创精神；ambition抱负，雄心；attribute属性，特质；peculiarity怪癖，特征。句意：当丽莎开始这份工作时就展现了她的抱负，一年后被提升为经理。选项B符合句意。

43.单选题

Clothesplayacriticalpartintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusasagooddealaboutthewearer'sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,wecanusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmaimer,regardlessoftheperson'seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfits,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.

Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothingweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.

Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thewaywedress（

）.

2.Fromthethirdparagraphofthepassage,wecanconcludethatyoungadultstendtobelievethatcertaintypesofclothingcan

（

）.

3.Theword"precedent"(Line1,Para.6)probablyrefersto

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,manycareerwomenfindthemselvesindifficultsituationsbecause

（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

问题1选项

A.providescluesforpeoplewhoarecriticalofus

B.indicatesourlikesanddislikesinchoosingacareer

C.hasadirectinfluenceonthewaypeopleregardus

D.isofparticularimportancewhenwegetoninage

问题2选项

A.changepeople'sconservativeattitudestowardstheirlifestyles

B.helpyoungpeoplemakefriendswiththeoppositesex

C.makethemcompetitiveinthejobmarket

D.helpthemachievesuccessintheirinterpersonalrelationships

问题3选项

A.earlyactsformentofollowasexamples

B.particularplacesformentooccupyespeciallybecauseoftheirimportance

C.thingsthatmenshouldagreeupon

D.men'sbeliefsthateverythingintheworldhasalreadybeendecided

问题4选项

A.thevarietyoftheprofessionalclothingistoowideforthemtochoose

B.womenaregenerallythoughttobeonlygoodatbeingfashionmodels

C.Menaremorefavorablyjudgedformanagerialpositions

D.theyarenotsuretowhatextenttheyshoulddisplaytheirfemininequalitiesthroughclothing

问题5选项

A.Dressingforeffect

B.Howtodressappropriately

C.Managerialpositionsandclothing

D.Dressingfortheoccasion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容，着装通过提供线索让我们得出一个人是怎样的人，不是怎样的人以及想成为怎样的人的结论上起到了至关重要的作用。它们能很好地告诉我们穿着者的背景、性格、地位、心情和社会前景。也就是说，穿着对人们看待我们的方式有直接影响，选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段的内容，青春期女孩很容易就能认同那些穿某种服装的女孩的生活方式，包括她们可能有多少男朋友，她们是否抽烟或喝酒。也就是说，年轻人倾向于相信某些类型的衣服可以帮助他们在人际关系中取得成功。选项D符合原文。

3.词汇题。根据句意可知，“precedents”应该和“rolemodels”意思相近，所以选项A“男性追随的榜样的早期行为”符合原文所表述的意思。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段第三句“Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.”商界的许多女性都不确定，她们应该通过职业着装来传达什么样的“男性化”和“女性化”特质。也就是说，她们不确定应该在多大程度上通过服装来展现自己的女性气质，选项D符合原文。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是穿着可以呈现出一个人什么样，给人的印象是怎样的，也就是说，穿着对人产生了影响。所以选项A最能概括全文主旨。

44.单选题

Theapartmenthasbeen（

）sineSmith'smovedout.

问题1选项

A.vacant

B.versatile

C.vacuum

D.vain

【答案】A

【解析】vacant空虚的，空缺的，空闲的；versatile多才多艺的，万能的；vacuum真空的；vain徒劳的，自负的。句意：自从Smith搬出去后，那套公寓一直空着。选项A符合句意。

45.单选题

Ithankedherforherhospitalityandherkindnessindrivingmebacktomyhotel.

问题1选项

A.sweetness

B.hostility

C.friendliness

D.sincerity

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我感谢她的盛情款待，感谢她开车送我回旅馆。hospitality意为“好客，殷勤”。sweetness愉快，美妙；hostility敌意；friendliness友谊，亲切；sincerity真实，诚挚。选项D更符合原句所表达的语境，所以正确。

46.单选题

Tomhadbeencompletelyexhaustedbutfeltgreatly（

）afteramealandarest.

问题1选项

A.renewed

B.refrained

C.resumed

D.efreshed

【答案】D

【解析】renew更新，复兴，重新开始；refrain节制，克制；resume重新开始，继续；refresh恢复精神。句意：汤姆本来已经筋疲力尽了，但吃过饭休息一会儿以后，他又恢复了精神。选项D符合句意。

47.单选题

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.

Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.

2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat

（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.

问题1选项

A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobs

C.peopl