高中英语选择性必修三 2021新同步课时强化训练 Unit 1 Period Two Reading and Thinking-Language Points

PeriodTwoReadingandThinking—LanguagePointsⅠ.重点单词1．primitiveadj.发展水平低的；原始的；远古的n．文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)；原始派画家(或作品)2．dimensionn．维；规模；范围3．breakthroughn．重大进展；突破4．reputationn．名誉；名声5．noblen．贵族成员；出身高贵的人adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的6．rankn．地位；级别；行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排成行7．purchasevt.购买；采购n．购买；购买的东西8．clientn．委托人；当事人；客户9．emergevi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露10．conveyvt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送11．subjectiveadj.主观的12．outeradj.外表的；外边的；外围的13．fondadj.喜爱14．preciseadj.准确的；精确的→preciselyadv.准确地；精确地；的确如此①15．realisticadj.现实的；逼真的→realismn．逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realistn．现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者16．humanisticadj.人文主义的→humanityn．人性；人道；(统称)人类17．influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influencen．&vt.影响②18．subsequentadj.随后的；后来的；之后的→subsequentlyadv.随后掌握规律巧记单词①preciseadj.精确的；准确的→preciselyadv.准确地；精确地例如：subsequent→subsequently②influencen.&vt.影响→influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的例如：finance→financialⅡ.核心短语1．inparticular尤其；特别2．setapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……3．befondof喜爱；喜欢4．asaresult结果5．concentrateon集中；全神贯注于6．focuson集中于……7．attempttodosth.试图做某事Ⅲ.经典句式1．Itis＋adj.＋todosth.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart，itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.因为西方艺术有那么多不同的类型，所以在一篇短文中全部进行描述是不可能的。2．while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……”Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes，theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.尽管他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们显示了真实环境中的真人。3．notjust...but...不仅仅是……而且……Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects，buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.他想展示的不仅仅是主题的外部形象，而且还有内在的温暖和人性之美。重点词汇Inparticular，hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.他的绘画作品中真实的人脸和深刻的情感影响尤其使他的绘画不同于其他绘画。inparticular尤其；特别※particularadj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的beparticularabout/over对……讲究/挑剔※particularlyadv.特别地；尤其(1)Parentsandcoachesinparticularshouldactasbetterexamplesforchildren.父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。(2)Ihavenothingparticulartodothisevening.今晚我没有什么特别的事情要做。(3)Sheisveryparticularabout/overherappearance.她很在意自己的外表。(4)Thedictionaryisparticularly(particular)usefulforbeginners.这本词典对初学者特别有用。setapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事setaside留出；把……置于一旁setdown写下；记下setoff出发；引发setouttodosth.开始做某事setup竖起；建立；安排(5)Hehadaparticularvoice，whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown.他嗓音很特别，这使他不同于我们小镇上的其他人。(6)Setasidesometimeeachdaytowrite，evenifitisonlyfiveminutes.每天留出一些时间写作，即使只有五分钟。(7)Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。(8)Weoughttosetoffat7：00，whentheroadsareempty.我们应该七点出发，趁那时路上没什么车。(9)You’dbettersetarealisticgoalratherthanplantosetupalargecompanynow.你最好定一个现实的目标，而不是计划现在开办一家大公司。[一句多译](10)我们开始着手粉刷整幢房子，但那天只完成了前面的部分。①Wesetouttopaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.(setout)②Wesetaboutpaintingthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.(setabout)InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci(1452－1519)，Michelangelo(1475－1564)，andRaphael(1483－1520)builtuponGiottoandMasaccio’sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452－1519)、米开朗基罗(1475－1564)和拉斐尔(1483－1520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的influencen.&vt.影响haveaninfluenceon/upon对……有影响underone’sinfluence在某人的影响下(1)Sheisoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresinlocalpolitics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。(2)Myphysicsteacherwasmyrolemodel，whoseinfluenceonmehadalottodowithmydecision.我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响与我所作的决定有很大关系。(3)Undertheirinfluence，hebecamemoreinterestedinstoriesoftravelandadventure.在他们的影响下，他对游记和冒险类故事更感兴趣了。(4)Whatyousaidhadagoodinfluenceonpeople，childreninparticular.你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。(5)Hiswritingshaveinfluenced(influence)thelivesofmillionssofar，whichsetshimapartfromotherwriters.到目前为止，他的作品已影响了数百万人的一生，这使得他与别的作者不同。[高级表达](6)I’dliketotalktothechildrenwhoareinfluencedbythatbook.I’dliketotalktothechildreninfluencedbythatbook.(用非谓语动词改写)Kings，nobles，andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.国王、贵族，还有地位高的人们想买自己的和爱的人的精致的画像。rankn.地位；级别；行列vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排列成行※thefirstrank一流的※rank...as...把……评为……rankhigh名列前茅(1)Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.她不习惯与社会地位很高的人搅在一起。(2)Itisbelievedthatheisapainterofthefirstrank.人们都认为他是一流画家。(3)TheyrankLangLangasafirst­classpianist.他们把郎朗评价为一流的钢琴家。(4)Attheheightofhercareersherankedsecondintheworld.在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二位。[高级表达](5)OnthatdayImetthestudentwhorankedhighinhisclass.OnthatdayImetthestudentrankinghighinhisclass.(用非谓语动词改写)Fromthis，ImpressionismemergedinFrance.因为这个，印象派在法国出现了。emergevi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露※emergefromsth.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出emergeas...作为……出现※emergencen．出现，显露(1)Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.月亮从云层后露出。(2)Itemergedthatthecompanywasgoingtobesold.事实已清楚，这家公司准备出售。(3)Heemergedasakeyfigureinthecampaign.他是这次运动中的主要人物。(4)Hewasexcitedattheemergence(emerge)ofnewevidence.新证据的出现让他感到兴奋。Inthiswork，Monet’saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene...在这幅作品中，莫奈是想表达景色的光线和移动……conveyvt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送convey...to...向……传达……conveyamessage传达信息(1)IfyouseeJames，doconveymyapologytohim.如果你看见詹姆斯，一定要向他转达我的歉意。(2)Thistrainconveysbothpassengersandgoods.这列火车既载人又运货。[高级表达](3)Ilikethemusicwhichconveyshisfeelings.Ilikethemusicconveyinghisfeelings.(用非谓语动词改写)经典句式Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes，theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.尽管他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们显示了真实环境中的真人。※本句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，从句常置于句首。※while用作连词，还可译为：当……的时候；而……；只要……注意：while表示“虽然”时，不和连词but连用。[一词多义]写出下列句子中while的汉语意思(1)Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin，theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD．(2019·全国Ⅰ)虽然(2)Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.(2019·全国Ⅱ)当……时候(3)Whilethereislife，thereishope.只要(4)Iwaslazywhilemysisterishard­working.而……(5)Nevergetonoroffabuswhileitismoving.在……时Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects，buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.他想展示的不仅仅是主题的外部形象，而且还有内在的温暖和人性之美。※本句中的notjust...but...意为“不仅仅是……而且……”相当于notonly...but(also)...，连接两个并列主语时，谓语的数遵循“就近原则”，即谓语在数和人称上要与邻近的主语一致。有类似用法的还有：neither...nor...既不……也不……either...or...要么……要么……not...but...不是……而是……※notonly...but(also)...连接两个句子且notonly位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构，but(also)连接的部分不倒装。(1)Adoctor’smissionshouldbenotjusttopreventdeath，buttoimprovethequalityoflife.医生的使命不应该仅仅是避免死亡，而且要提高生活品质。(2)Notthedriverbutthepassengerswere(be)responsiblefortheaccident.不是司机而是乘客们应该为这起事故负责。(3)Eitheryouoryoursisteris(be)toblamefortheaccident.要么是你，要么是你姐姐，应该为这起事故负责。(4)Notonlydoestelevisionappealtothosewhocanreadbuttothosewhocan’t.电视不仅对会读书的人有吸引力，而且对不会读书的人也有吸引力。[句型转换](5)Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenfined，butalsobeensenttoprison.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenfined，butalsohehadbeensenttoprison.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Peterwaslyingonthesofadoingnothinginparticularthen.2．Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered，youcansetaboutpreparingyourbusinessplan.3．Itisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)eventsthisyear.4．Thewomanisbusyalldaywhileherhusbanddoesnothing.5．Theisland’semergence(emerge)fromtheseamadeusveryexcited.6．Thesunbrokethroughatlastintheafternoonandthechildrenbegantoshout.7．Theheadmasterispraisingtheboyranking(rank)highinhisclassnow.8．Thetrainconveying(convey)morethan300passengersbrokedownjustnow.Ⅱ.完成句子9．NotonlydidIhearthecar，butIsawitcrash.我不仅听见了那辆车的声音，而且还看到它撞车了。10．Whiletheyaremyneighbours，Idonotknowthemwell.尽管他们是我的邻居，但我对他们了解得并不多。11．Tobehonest，I’mnotfondofthefilmrankinghighthisyear.说实话，我并不喜欢今年排名很高的那部电影。12．Asamatteroffact，hissongsconveyingthelovebetweensistersmovedus.事实上，他的表达姐妹情深的歌曲打动了我们。13．Couldyoutellmewhatitwasthatsettheyoungmanapartfromothers?你能告诉我，是什么使得这个年轻人与众不同吗？基础巩固Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Shewasveryyoung，butshecoulddescribetheaccidentprecisely(准确地)．2．Therehavebeenfurtherdevelopmentssubsequent(随后的)toourmeeting.3．Mymotheroftenremindsmetosetarealisticgoalandthenworkhard.4．Thelittleboyisveryinterestedineverythingabouttheouter(外围的)space.5．Inventingsuchatoolwasreallyagreatbreakthroughinscienceinthepast.6．AsfarasI’mconcerned，itisahighlysubjective(主观的)pointofview.7．Theyoungmanoftenhelpedothersandsoonacquiredareputationinthistown.8．MymotherwassatisfiedwiththegoodspurchasedontheInternet.9．Oneofmyclients(客户)madeacomplaint，whichmademeupset.10．Themethodsofcommunicationusedduringthewarwereprimitive(原始的)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空11．Wehavetoberealistic(realism)aboutourchancesofwinning.12．Hedecidedtodeletethesongsranking(rank)lowfromthedesktop.13．Ienjoyedtheplayverymuch，particularly(particular)thesecondhalf.14．Subsequently(subsequent)，thenewmayorgaveashortspeechtothecitizens.15．Ihearthatthegoodsconveyed(convey)bytheoldtrainwereofhighquality.16．Hisemergence(emerge)thatdayreallymadethepeoplepresentsurprised.17．Hiswifeisfondofpurchasing(purchase)goodsontheInternetthesedays.18．Inthatsituation，Ihadtolookforaninfluential(influence)figuretohelpmeout.19．Whenyouconcentrateononetask，youwillfindthatyouhaveenergythatyoudon’tevenknow.20．Hetoldusthatitwasahumanistic(humanity)approachtocaringforpeople.Ⅲ.单句写作21．这个房间里很冷，尤其是在冬天。(inparticular)Itisverycoldinthisroom，inwinterinparticular.22．这个女孩对体育的爱使她显得与其他运动员不同。(setapartfrom)Thegirl’sloveforsportssetsherapartfromotherplayers.23．我喜欢和喜欢音乐的人待在一起。(befondof)Iwouldliketostaywiththepeople(whoare)fondofmusic.24．他想做的事情不是待在家里，而是出去散步。(not...but...)Whathewantedtodowasnottostayathomebuttogooutforawalk.25．他经常做兼职，而他的弟弟整天游荡。(while)Heoftendoessomepart­timejobswhilehisbrotherwandersallday.能力提升Ⅳ.阅读理解Streetartisaverypopularformofartthatisspreadingquicklyallovertheworld.Youcanfinditonbuildings，sidewalks，streetsignsandtrashcansfromTokyotoParis，fromMoscowtoCapeTown.Streetarthasbecomeaglobalcultureandevenartmuseumsandgalleriesarecollectingtheworksofstreetartists.Streetartstartedoutverysecretlybecauseitwasillegaltopaintonpublicandprivatepropertywithoutpermission.Peopleoftenhavedifferentopinionsaboutstreetart.Somethinkitisacrimeandothersthinkitisaverybeautifulnewformofculture.ArtexpertsclaimthatthestreetartmovementbeganinNewYorkinthe1960s.Youngadultspaintedwordsandotherimagesonwallsandtrains.Thiscolorfulstyleofwritingbecameknownasgraffiti.Graffitiartshowedthatyoungpeoplewantedtorebelagainstsociety.Theytraveledaroundcitiestocreatepaintingsthateveryonecouldsee.Inmanycases，theyhadtroublewiththepoliceandthelocalgovernment.Streetartistsdotheirworkfordifferentreasons.Someofthemdonotlikeartistswhomakesomuchmoneyingalleriesandmuseums.Theychoosestreetartbecauseitisclosertothepeople.Someartiststrytoexpresstheirpoliticalopinionintheirworks.Theyoftenwanttoprotest(抗议)againstbigfirms.Othersliketodothingsthatareforbiddenandhopetheydon’tgetcaught.Advertisingcompaniesalsousestreetartintheiradsbecauseitgivespeopletheimpressionofyouthandenergy.Today，theInternethasabiginfluenceonstreetart.Artistscanshowtheirpicturestoanaudienceallovertheworld.Manycityresidents，however，saythatseeingapictureontheInternetisneverasgoodasseeingitalive.Thestreetartmovementliveswiththeenergyandlifeofabigcity.There，itwillcontinuetochangeandgrow.eq\x(语篇解读本文介绍了街头艺术的起源以及在发展过程中存在的问题。)1．What’sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Streetarthasalonghistory.B．Streetartisanewformofculture.C．Streetartcanbefoundinartmuseums.D．Streetartispopulararoundtheworld.答案D解析段落大意题。第一段第一句为该段主题句，其后介绍了街头艺术无处不在，从东京到巴黎，从莫斯科到开普敦，在大楼、人行道、路标等地方都能发现街头艺术。这表明街头艺术在全世界都很受欢迎。2．Wheredidthestreetartmovementtakeplace?A．InTokyo. B．InParis.C．InNewYork. D．InMoscow.答案C解析细节理解题。由第三段第一句“ArtexpertsclaimthatthestreetartmovementbeganinNewYork...”可知，街头艺术运动始于纽约。3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Graffitiartistsoftenhadtroublewiththepoliceandthelocalgovernmentinthe1960s.B．Mostartexpertsthinkpaintingonwallsandtrainsisacrime.C．Streetartstartedoutsecretlybecausefewpeoplelikedit.D．Itisillegalforstreetartiststotravelaroundbigcities.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句“Inmanycases，theyhadtroublewiththepoliceandthelocalgovernment.”可知，在20世纪60年代，涂鸦艺术家经常与警察和当地政府发生冲突。4．Whydosomeadvertisingcompaniesusestreetartintheirads?A．Becauseitimpressespeoplewithyouthandenergy.B．Becauseitisthefastestwaytointroduceanewproduct.C．Becauseithelpsthemsavemuchmoney.D．Becauseitischeap.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Advertisingcompaniesalsousestreetartintheiradsbecauseitgivespeopletheimpressionofyouthandenergy.”可知应选A项。Ⅴ.完形填空OnedayIvisitedanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusbandtofinishabusinessmeeting.Iwasexpectingaquiet1ofthesuperbartwork.Ayoungcoupleviewingthepaintingsaheadofme2non­stopbetweenthemselves.Iwatchedthemamomentandfoundtheladywasdoingallthetalking.Iadmiredtheman’s3forputtingupwithher4streamofwords.5bytheirnoise，Imovedon.ImetthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthevariousroomsofart.EachtimeIheardhercontinuousflowofwords，Imovedaway6.Iwasstandingatthecounterofthemuseumgiftshopmakinga7whenthecoupleapproachedtheexit.Beforetheyleft，theman8intohispocketandpulledoutawhiteobject.Helengtheneditintoalongstickandthen9hiswayintothecoatroomtogethiswife’sjacket.“He’sa10man，”theclerkatthecountersaid.“Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindedatsuchayoungage.Duringhisrecovery，hemadeapromisethathislifewouldn’tchange.So，asbefore，heandhiswifecomein11thereisanewartshow.”“Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart？”Iasked.“Hecan’tsee.”“Can’tsee!You’re12.Heseesalot.MorethanyouandIdo，”theclerksaid.“Hiswife13eachpaintingsohecanseeitinhishead.”Ilearnedsomethingaboutpatience，courageandlovethatday.Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwithout14andthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnot15blindnesstochangehislife.AndIsawthelovesharedbythetwopeopleasIwatchedthiscouplewalkaway，theirarmsintertwined.语篇解读作者在看画展，遇到一对夫妇，妻子一直喋喋不休地讲着，让作者很是反感，后来知道真相，作者深受感动。1．A.view B．touchC．wander D．scenery答案A解析根据后面的viewing可知，此空填view，只不过此空的view是名词。一天，在等丈夫开完一个商务会议时，我顺便参观了一个艺术博物馆。我渴望静静地欣赏艺术杰作。2．A.yelled B．arguedC．screamed D．chatted答案D解析根据后一句中的“doingallthetalking”可知，此题D项正确。我前面有一对年轻夫妇聊个不停。我看了他们一会，发现只有妻子在滔滔不绝地讲。3．A.attempt B．patienceC．wisdom D．independence答案B解析根据空格后的“puttingupwithher(容忍她)”可知，此空选“耐心”一词。同时，文章最后一段也提到了patience一词。4．A.vivid B．constantC．casual D．exciting答案B解析根据下一段中的“heardhercontinuousflowofwords”可知，此处选continuous的近义词，即constant。我佩服这个丈夫如此有耐心忍受她的喋喋不休。5．A.Adopted B．AdaptedC．Conducted D．Disturbed答案D解析他们说话的噪音让人分心，我只好继续往前走。6．A.anxiously B．slowlyC．quickly D．sensibly答案C解析前面已经提到作者受不了她喋喋不休地说话，所以一碰到他们，作者就赶紧离开。7．A.comment B．decisionC．purchase D．profit答案C解析既然是到礼品店，当然是买礼品了。8．A.plugged B．reachedC．held D．bent答案B解析根据其后的“pulledout(掏出)”可知，此空是“伸进”，故reached正确。9．A.led B．foundC．forced D．tapped答案D解析由下一段信息可知“该男子是盲人”，所以他用拐杖敲打地面摸索着进入衣帽间。10．A.brave B．roughC．smart D．generous答案A解析“他是一个勇敢的人。”柜台的服务员说道：“如果我们这么年轻眼睛就瞎了，大多数人会自暴自弃……”。11．A.wherever B．whateverC．whenever D．whichever答案C解析他在康复期间，曾立下誓言，他的生活不会因此而发生改变。所以，像以往一样，每次有新的艺术展，他和妻子都会来。12．A.wrong B．sillyC．equal D．unique答案A解析根据后面柜台服务员讲的话可知，作者判断错了。13．A.describes B．drawsC．shows D．decorates答案A解析原来他妻子喋喋不休是在为他描述每一幅作品，他在用头脑看。14．A.support B．expectationC．sight D．confidence答案C解析根据上文的blinded和后面的blindness可知。15．A.allow B．hopeC．get D．cause答案A解析根据前面的“hemadeapromisethathislifewouldn’tchange”可知。Ⅵ.语法填空Haveyouevertastedorperhapsheardofsugarpainting？As