高一英语重点语法讲解外研社版

高一英重点语法讲解研社LastupdatedtheafternoonofJanuary

高一英语重点语知预（外研社版【本讲教信息】一.教学内容：重点语法知识预习过一、一般现在时

必修1-41.示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态常与always,everyday//monthyear等时间状语连用。[句]Hedoeshisinstudy.2.示主语现在的特征、性格和状态。[句]belongsme.3.示客观规律或科学真理、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。[句]moonaroundsun.4.有连词if,before,assoonwhen,however引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。[句]Ifyouworkhard,youwon’tfailintheexam.二、一般过去时1.示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。[句]wenttozooyesterday.2.时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。[句]Hesaidwhencamewouldtellher.三、现在进行时1.示现在（说话瞬间）在进行或发生的动作。[句]Heisreadinga2.示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时动作不一定正在进行）。[句]Whataredoing3.示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等常与always,continually等副连用。[句]Heisof4.示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于start,arrive等表“动”“向”词。[句]Heiscomingtoseemenext四、过去进行时1.示过去某时正在进行的动作。[句]Hewassleepingcametohim.2.词leave,的过去进行时常表过去将来时。[句]saidshegoingtoBeijingdayaftertomorrow.五、一般将来时

1.示将来发生的动作或存在的状态常与表示将来的时间状语连用。[句]Idon’tknowwhatwillhappenthefuture.2.用来表示将来时的结构包括：（1shall/will+动词原形：（单纯）表来,一般不用于条件句。（2begoingto+词原形：（计划）打算做…。（3be+动词原形：即将或正要去做某事通常不与时间状语连用但可与引导的从句连用。（4beto词原形：预定要做……。（5bedoing表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作常与start,setout,come,move表位移的动词连用。六、现在完成时1.示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。[句]—Haveyouryet—Yes,I2.与介词for,within,over等引导的时间状语连用,表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。[句]Ihaven’tseenmyEnglishteacherforalongtime.3.示反复或习惯性的动作常与severaltimes,once,twice,frequently等频度副词连用。[句]IbeentoUSAseveraltimes.4.示从过去到现在没有发生过的动作。[句]Ihaven’tsweptthefloorfora5.在时间、条件状语从句中表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。[句]I’lltellhimafteryouhaveleft.6.“高级+名”在“是第几次…”之后跟定语从句，从句用现在完成时。[句]①isthetimeIbeen②thebestIhavedrunk.七、过去完成时1.示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作。[句]Byoflastwe1,000words.2.些动词（如：mean,intend,want等）的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图。[句]IhadhopedtoofBeijing.◆动词时态应注意的几点1.间性动词的一般现在时和现在进行时常用来表示将来的动作。例句：①Thefilmbeginsa②isleavingtomorrowmorning.2.时间、条件、让步状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例句：①Everytimelistentothatsong,I’llthinkmyoldfriend.②Ifdothat,Ishallbevery③They’llstandyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.

3.般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去所发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系,而它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：—you—Yes,I—Whendidyouit—Iitlast◆直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题：1.称的变化2.态的变化3.间状语的变化4.点状语的变化例句：①XiaoYisaid,“Iwanttogototheparkthisafternoon.→XiaoYisaidthatwantedtogothethat②Bobsaid,“Wehavemeetingtomorrowmorning.”→Bobsaidthatwouldameetingtherethenextmorning.◆定语从句中关系代词只能用that和不能用that几种情况：只能用的情况1.行词是不定代词。例句：tellmeyou.2.行词被形容词最高级、序数词或only,same,very等修饰。例句：①ThisisthethatI②ThisistheonlybookthatIreadduringholiday.3.行词既包括人又包括物。例句：talkedthewriterandworksthatinterestedher.不能用的情况1.限制性定语从句中。例句：Hehewhichisnot2.行词本身是例句：Iwhichgaveme.3.“词+关代词”构。例句：ThewhomITom.◆现在完成进行时与现在完成时进行的比较：1.调动作还未结束时多用现在完成进行时；强调动作的结果时多用现在完成时。例句：①Ibeenpaintingpaining.（强调“直在画”个动作）②Ithepainting.（强调“完了”个结果）2.些动词不能用在现在完成进行时中，但可用在现在完成时中。如：have,等。例句：①Shehadacoldforaweek.

②Theylovedotherforthree③Ithismovie.-ing形式：1.donehavingdone是非谓语动词中-ing形式的完成式,则是其一般式,们都与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,是与句中谓语动词同时发生或基本上同时发生；havingdone则表示动作或状态发生在句中谓语动词之前。[句]①thenews,gotexcited.（和excited两个动作几乎同时发生）②Havingatofmountain,aarrive生在a之前）2.词后接动词的-ing形和不定式有些动词后既可接动词的-形也可接todo形式作宾语，但意义有所不同。[如]①/remember/regret示动作已经发生；/remember/regrettodo则表示该动作未发生。②do表示“算做某事”表示“味着做某事”③trytosth.表示“法尽力做某事”trydoing示“着做某事”④tosth.表示“下来接着做另一件事”doing表示“止做某事”⑤goondo示“（做完某事）接着做另一件事”goondoing示“继续做同一件事”=goonsth.。⑥can’thelptodosth.表示“能帮助做某事”can’thelp表示“不自禁地做某事”3.beenhave/hasbeendoing现在完成进行时的构成，强调动作的延续过程，动作可能还在进行。而have/hasdone现在完成时的构成，强调动作的结果，该动作通常已经结束。[句]①Iabook.（动结束）②Ibeenabook.（可能未写完，侧重最近一直忙于写书）【模拟试题】一、单项填空1.Theheadmastertohisofficebeeninexam.B.caughtC.D.catching2.Thetimehefortheisnotsuitableanyofus.made;B.fixed;forgave;withD.fixed;to3.—Whatdoyouofwhathein

—Whyhediditmyimagination.throughC.aboveD.over4.tobefoundIitwhenIwasonbus.B.’thavedroppedC.droppedD.mustdropped5.—MayIspeakyourmanagerWilliamsatfiveo’clocktonight?—I’msorryMr.Williamsabefore.willhaveB.C.shouldgoneD.hasgone26.Fortypercentofthetheblack.isB.C.amD.7.theparty,wewouldneverhavetoday’shappinessButforB.OnlyifC.IfonlyD.If8.’tleavematchescigarettesonthetablewithinofhandB.reachC.spaceD.distance9.accidentallyhehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadn’tbeenhomeforacoupleofletoutB.sureD.made10.—Gopicnicthisweekend,OK—

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Sometimes5ashillstalltreesseemtoverynear.aofmuchinthe7willprobablyroundtheaofcomingfeelintheir8comingofTheirjoints(骨头节).birdsfly9fineiscomingbutflyneargroundif10orstormyweatheris11Itisprobablyofinsectswhicharehunting12theyfly12.Ifarainy,thisisasignwillbecomefine.Such14comeinevening.Ifthestars15atnight,fairwill16.Ifinthejustaboutsunrisethendaywill.,iffogappearsineveningdaywill17.Ifin18thenfollowingdaywillbefine.Ifappearsinrainywillprobablycome.ofsayingsbeenmadebyhavetheir20,toforecasting1.A.B.lookC.readD.take2.A.tellB.speakC.D.point3.A.studiedB.learnedC.D.4.A.doB.makeC.carryD.5.A.B.C.D.6.A.sightB.signC.markD.shape7.A.B.skyC.heavenD.8.A.B.armsC.skinsD.9.A.highB.lownearD.10.A.wetB.dryC.rainyD.11.A.byB.inforD.on12.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when13.A.highB.lowC.fastD.slow14.A.B.rainbowsC.D.15.A.twinkleB.appearC.brightD.16.A.B.C.D.17.A.B.D.time18.A.B.D.19.A.B.belowC.importantD.interesting20.A.bodiesB.handsC.D.legs三、阅读理解（ATherearethreebranchesofmedicineOneiscalled“doctormedicine”,or“scientificmedicine”.Scientificdoctorstoobservesicknesses,lookforlogicalpatterns,andthenfindthebodyworks.Fromthereoutwhat.ofistofromthe

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