备考高考英语重点语法点-考前必刷（十二）

1、定语从句-关系副词定语从句-关系副词【教学目标】能正确区分关系代词和关系副词的用法.【教学重点】能正确选用关系副词.【教学难点】关系副词变介词+which的特殊情况.【教学内容】定语从句由 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E8%AF%8D/5078226 t _blank 关系词（ HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D/3637772 t _blank 关系代词、 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D/388064 t _

2、blank 关系副词）引导， HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D/3637772 t _blank 关系代词、 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D/388064 t _blank 关系副词位于定语从句句首。when, where,why+引导完整的句子，没有句子成分的缺失。 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D/388064 t _blank 关系副词when, where, why的含义

3、相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用.There are occasions when (on which) one must obey.【及时训练】1. Beijing is the place _I was born.2. Is this the reason _he refused our offer? HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D t _blank 关系副词的选用（1）.用 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D

4、 t _blank 关系代词，还是 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D t _blank 关系副词完全取决于从句中的 HYPERLINK /item/%E8%B0%93%E8%AF%AD%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D t _blank 谓语动词。 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E5%8A%A8%E8%AF%8D t _blank 及物动词后面无 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%AE%BE%E8%AF%AD t _blank 宾语，就必须要 求用 HYPERLINK /it

5、em/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D t _blank 关系代词。例如：（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.（对） Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the count

6、ryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。（2）.准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?This is the room where I was born.=This i

7、s the room in which I was born.考点：关系副词=介词+ HYPERLINK /item/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%8D/3637772 t _blank 关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/to which（介词同先行词搭配）when=during/ on/ in/at which1. “where”是关系副词.I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地方。2、 HYPERLINK

8、 /item/why/73467 t _blank why关系副词why主要用于修饰表原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。如：We dont know the reason why he didnt show up. She didnt tell me the reason why she refused the offer. 另外，与关系副词when和where可以引导非限制性定语从句不一样，why只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句。如：他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。误：The main reason, why he lost his jo

9、b, was that he drank.正：The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.(定语从句)3.when关系 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%89%AF%E8%AF%8D t _blank 副词when主要用于修饰表时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。如：.There comes a time _you have to make a choice. .Gone are the days _they could do what they liked. (3).Well put off the picnic

10、until next week,_ the weather may be better.注意不要一见到先行词为时间名词，就以为一定要用关系副词when来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分如果在定语从句中用作时间状语，就用when；如果在定语从句中不是用作时间状语，而是用作主语或宾语，那就不能用when，而要用that, which等。如：Dont forget the time (that, which) Ive told you. 关系代词that / which在定语从句中用作动词told的宾语，正因为是用作宾语，所以也可以省略。3、where关系副词where主要用于修饰

11、表地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。如：1):This is the village where he was born. 2):Thats the hotel where we were staying last summer. 3):Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.与前面when的情况一样，注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词，就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分如果在定语从句中用作地点 HYPERLINK /item/%E7%8A%B6%E8%AF

12、%AD t _blank 状语，就用where；如果在定语从句中不是用作地点状语，而是用作 HYPERLINK /item/%E4%B8%BB%E8%AF%AD t _blank 主语或 HYPERLINK /item/%E5%AE%BE%E8%AF%AD t _blank 宾语，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。如：1).He works in a factory that which makes TV sets. 【及时训练1】The train_she was traveling was late.which B.where. C.on which D. in tha

13、tHe has lost the key to the drawer_the papers are kept.where B.on which C.under which D.whichAntarctic_we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which B.where C.that. D.about which4. It was such a serious mistake,_caused by carelessness.A.which I think was B.which I think it

14、 was C.i think which was D. I think which it was5.He lived in London for 3 months, during_he picked up some English.A.this B.which C.that D.when6.I will hire the man_they say is a good English speaker.A.who B.that C.which D.whom7. The general at last got a chance to visit the village_he used to figh

15、t,_he had been dreaming of for years.Athat/which B.where/that C.in which/what D.where/which基础演练：【完形填空】When I was 25, I found myself in one of those worst situations in life. One day a friend _41_me to participate in a service club. It didnt _42_me much at first. Then I realized that perhaps helping

16、someone else could do me some good.The service club offered various volunteer opportunities to_43_from. I listed activities helping children as my top_44_. However, I was arranged to serve Charles, who was paralyzed(瘫痪的)from the neck down and only_45_to talk and move his facial features.When I enter

17、ed Charles room for the first time, I _46_myself to him. His room had a window , but it was_47_with artwork: various papers painted with watercolor. I stood there _48_what to do next.“Are you_49_ to paint?” Charles asked me. “There is a brush and paints in the cupboard,” he said. Still not understan

18、ding his_50_, I opened the cupboard and saw a large can of watercolor paints and a paintbrush. When I saw the paintbrush, it all became_51_- Charles painted those pictures with his_52_.Charles explained how to _53_colors on a tray(托盘). Each time he wanted to change colors, he held the _54_in his tee

19、th and said, “New color, please”We spent every Wednesday evening that fall and winter together. _55_, I began to appreciate my life with fresh eyes. Charles had given me a wonderful _56_: hed shown me the joy of gratitude, even for seemingly_57_things.Many years and miles make me _58_Charles now. Bu

20、t whenever life_59_me, I think of him and tell myself, “New color, please”. I have a family. I have my freedom. There is so much to be_60_for.41.A. reminded B. invited C. allowed D. promised42.A. attract. B. guide C. include D. approve43.A. learn B. recover C. choose D. benefit44.A. needs B. prefere

21、nces C. instructions D. tasks45.A. willing B. prepared C. pleased D. able46.A. informed B. introduced C. devoted D. connected47.A. provided B. compared C. ended D. covered48.A. knowing B. explaining C. wondering D. ignoring49.A. ready B. comfortable C. anxious D. sure50.A. orders B. opinions C. decisions D. intentions51.A. unreasonable B. unforgettable C. clear D. accurate52.A. nose B. mouth C. foot D. face53.A. accomplish B. apply C. squeeze D. arrange54.A. brush B. can C. tray D. paper55.A. Obviously B. Hopefully C. Gradually D. Constantly56.A. impression B. thrill C. award D. gift57.A.