英语必修二外研版module2《no-drugs》课件

1、z.x.x.kz.x.x.k话题No Drugs(远离毒品)功能Talking about results(探讨结果)语法1.Infinitive of purpose(不定式表目的)2.Adverbial clause of result(结果状语从句)重点词汇及拓展1.likely adj.可能的2ban vt.& n禁止；禁令3affect vt.影响；对有坏影响4danger n危险dangerous adj.危险的dangerouslyadv.危险地5inject vt.注射injection n注射6powerful adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的power n力量7connec

2、tion n联系；关系；关联connect v联系，关系8.illegal adj.违法的，不合法的legal(反义词)adj.合法的9treatment n治疗treat v治疗，对待.学.科.网.话题No Drugs(远离毒品)功能Talking abou重点词汇及拓展10participant n参与者；参加者participate vi.参加，参与11distraction n分心，分散注意力distract v分心，分散12crime n犯罪行为，罪行criminal n罪犯13reduce vt.减少reduction n减少重点短语1.be/become addicted to迷

3、上；对上瘾2follow ones advice接受某人的建议3give up 放弃4belong to属于5.instead of代替，而不是6berelated to有关系的；有关联的7break into破门而入，强行闯入8in order to为了so as to为了重点句型1.Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在学校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻烦。2I couldnt agree more！我非常同意你(的看法)。.学.科.网.重点词汇及拓展10participant n参与者；参加1addict vt.使成瘾，

4、使入迷(常用于被动语态)n入迷的人，上瘾的人归纳拓展(1)be/become/get addicted to.沉迷于，对上瘾，热爱addict oneself to沉溺于，醉心于(2)addiction n沉溺；瘾，癖好addicted adj.上瘾的(人的状态)addictive adj.使成瘾的；上瘾的(事物的性质)1addict vt.使成瘾，使入迷(常用于被动语态)n注意：和addicted/addiction连用的to是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例句：He became so addicted to the Internet that he failed the sub

5、jects.他如此迷恋网络，以至于功课不及格。The professor is an opera addict.那位教授是一个歌剧迷。He is now fighting his addiction to smoking.他现在正努力戒烟。.zx.x.k.注意：和addicted/addiction连用的to是介词【链接训练】She is so_to Korean soaps that recently she is often late to fetch her son from school.AappliedBaddictedCinterested Dcrazy【解析】句意为：她对韩国肥皂

6、剧上了瘾以至于最近她经常晚接儿子放学。be addicted to“对着迷/上瘾”，符合题意。apply oneself to“专心致志做”；be interested in“对感兴趣”；be crazy about“对疯狂”，三者均不符合题意，故正确答案为B。【答案】B【链接训练】2reduce vt.缩减，减少；使处于状态(表示此种意义时常用被动语态)；使变弱，使降职(级)；约束，限制归纳拓展(1)reduce.to.把减少到；把降低到reduce.by.把减少了；把降低了reduce sth.to ashes把某物化为灰烬be reduced to despair陷入绝望(2)reduc

7、e的反义词是increase，表示“增加到”，要与to搭配；表示“增加了”，要与by搭配。 2reduce vt.缩减，减少；使处于状态(表示例句：They reduced the prices by 20%.You had better go and buy something in a hurry.他们把价格降低了20%，你最好赶紧去买东西。The expenses have been reduced to 1,000 yuan one month.每月的费用已降到1 000元。The fire reduced the house to ashes.大火把房子化为灰烬。z.x.x.k例句：

8、They reduced the prices by 【链接训练】The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car in order to_ air pollution.Awarn BendangerCstop Dreduce【解析】考查动词词义辨析。warn“警告”；endanger“使危及”；stop“停止”；reduce“减少”。句意为：政府号召公众骑自行车而不是开车去上班，目的是减少空气污染。故D为正确答案。【答案】D【链接训练】Having almost run out of m

9、oney，we were reduced _ staying in a cheap hotel.Aat BbyCto Din【解析】句意为：因为钱几乎花光了，我们就落到了只能住廉价旅馆的地步。be reduced to “落到的地步”，此处to为介词。【答案】CHaving almost run out of mone3ban n禁止，禁令vt.禁止，取缔归纳拓展(1)bann./pron./doing.禁止ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事ban on/against禁止(2)put a ban on.禁止put/place.under a ban禁止(其被动语态形式

10、为be put/placed under a ban被禁止)3ban n禁止，禁令vt.禁止，取缔例句：He was banned from attending the meeting.他被禁止出席该会议。There is to be a ban on singing in the office.将会有一条禁止在办公室唱歌的禁令出台。Parking in the street is placed under a ban.在大街上停车是被禁止的。例句：He was banned from attendin同类辨析ban，forbid与prohibit三个词都表示“禁止”之意。(1)ban语气最重

11、，指权威机关(比如政府、官方等)正式禁止。(2)forbid是普通用词，指个人的意愿。(3)prohibit是正式用词，指用法律或法令来禁止。同类辨析【链接训练】She has been banned_ for six months.Afrom driving BdriveCto drive Dto have driven【解析】ban sb.from doing sth.是固定用法，意为“禁止某人做某事”，此处考查其被动结构。句意为：她被禁止驾车六个月。【答案】A【链接训练】4affect vt.影响，感动；(疾病)侵袭；假装；喜欢归纳拓展be affected by被侵袭，被感动be af

12、fected by heat中暑be affected with high fever发高烧例句：The noise from the street affected our work.马路上的噪音影响了我们的工作。The condition affects one in five women.每五个妇女就有一个患这种病。4affect vt.影响，感动；(疾病)侵袭；假装；喜欢同类辨析affect，effect与influence三个词都有“影响”的意思。(1)affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。(2)effect作动词时，意为

13、“使(某物)产生；使发生；引起”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。但作“影响”解时，通常用作名词，常用短语为have an effect on “对有影响”。(3)influence常常是指间接地、以一种无形的力量去潜移默化地“影响”人的行为、性格、观点等。同类辨析例句：Influenced by a highschool biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine.在一位中学生物老师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法发生了变化。Modern farm

14、ing methods can have an adverse effect on the environment.现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成负面影响。例句：Influenced by a highschool【链接训练】Smoking can_your health, and_，Professor Brown said.Aeffort；so can bad eating habitsBinfluence；so bad eating habits canCeffect；so bad eating habits canDaffect；so can bad eating habits【链接训练

15、】【解析】句意为：布朗教授说，“吸烟会影响你的健康，不良的饮食习惯也是如此”。空一考查effort，influence，effect和affect的区别。effort“努力”；influence用作动词时，意为“影响”，一般是指潜移默化的影响；effect用作动词时，意为“使(某物)产生，促使发生”，用作名词时，常用于have a (n).effect on“对产生影响”；affect“影响”。空二考查倒装so情态动词主语，表示“也一样”。根据题意可知选D项。【答案】D【解析】句意为：布朗教授说，“吸烟会影响你的健康，不良的饮5recognize/recognise vt.认出，识别；承认，认

16、可；认识到归纳拓展(1)recognize sb./sth.认出某人，识别出某物recognize.as/to be承认是；认为是It is recognized that.人们意识到(2)recognition n认出，认识，识别5recognize/recognise vt.认出，识别例句：Youve changed so much that I couldnt recognize you just now.你变化如此大以至于刚才我没有认出你来。They have recognized him as/to be their leader.他们已经承认他是他们的领导。It is recogn

17、ized that this solution could only be temporary.人们意识到这只是个临时的解决方案。例句：Youve changed so much that同类辨析recognize与know(1)recognize指把原来认识的人再次“辨认出”，是非延续性动词。(2)know “认识并熟悉某人”，是延续性动词。【链接训练】I _ him so well that I can _his steps.Aknow；know Brecognize；recognizeCrecognize；know Dknow；recognize同类辨析【解析】句意为：我非常熟悉他以至于

18、我能辨认出他的脚步声。know“认识并熟悉某人”；recognize“辨认出”。【答案】D【解析】句意为：我非常熟悉他以至于我能辨认出他的脚步声。k1break into强行进入，闯入；突然发出；突然起来(break into中into是介词，及物动词词组，后面需接宾语)归纳拓展break away from脱离；打破break down坍塌；失败；(身体)垮掉；(车)抛锚了break off折断；突然停止；脱落；绝交break out(火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发break in打断(谈话)；闯入(in是副词，不及物动词词组，后不能跟宾语)1break into强行进入，闯入；突然发出；突然

19、起break through突围；突破，冲垮break up打碎，拆散；分裂；分解；驱散例句：Thieves broke into the store at night.小偷在夜里闯入了这家商店。 As the presidents car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.当总统的汽车到达时，人群中爆发出了热烈的掌声。He has broken down from overwork.他因工作过度而累垮了。break through突围；突破，冲垮【链接训练】When the old man got home，he found that th

20、e house had been _ and a lot of things had been stolen.Abroken out Bbroken upCbroken into Dbroken off【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当这位老人回到家中时，他发现有人破门而入并且许多东西被偷了。break into“强行闯入”，符合题意。break out“(战争、火灾等)突然爆发”；break up“打碎，分裂”；break off“折断，突然停止”。【答案】C【链接训练】If people want to_the ordinary methods，they must take their

21、chance.Abreak down Bbreak offCbreak up Dbreak away from【解析】句意为：如果人们要打破常规的话，就必须冒险。break down“坍塌，坏掉”；break off“折断，突然停止”；break up“打碎，分解”；break away from“打破，脱离”，根据句意，选D。【答案】DIf people want to_the 2belong to属于归纳拓展(1)belong to“属于”，不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时。后可跟人称代词，不能跟名词性物主代词。(2)belong in/with/under应归入(类别，派别，范畴等)；

22、应被放在某处；合适，适宜(3)belongings n所有物，行李；相关事物，亲属例句：He belongs to this football club.他是这家足球俱乐部的一员。The chair belongs in the other room.那把椅子应放在另一个房间。2belong to属于A man of his ability belongs in teaching.具有他那种才能的人适合当老师。【链接训练】It is known to all of us that lions _ meateating animals.Abelonged to Bare belonging to

23、Care belonged to Dbelong to【解析】考查动词短语belong to的用法。belong to表示“属于”，不能用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。故选D。【答案】DA man of his ability belongs i3give up放弃；交出，让出；输掉归纳拓展give up doing sth.放弃，停止做某事give up sth.to把让给(献给)give away泄露(机密)，暴露；分发(奖品等)give back归还，送回；恢复give in (to) 屈从，向让步give off发出(蒸气)；发散(光线)give out用完，用尽；分发；公布3give

24、 up放弃；交出，让出；输掉例句：Never give up until you succeed.不成功绝不可以放弃。In the crowded bus，the young people give up their seats to the old people.在拥挤的公共汽车上，年轻人把座位让给了老年人。The doctor told him to give up smoking and drinking.医生要他戒烟戒酒。You cant win the game.So you may as well give in.这场比赛你赢不了的，还是认输吧。例句：Never give up u

25、ntil you suc【链接训练】Smoking is bad for your health.Yes，I know.But I simply cant _.Agive it up Bgive it inCgive it out Dgive it away【解析】句意为：吸烟有害于你的健康。是的，我知道。但是我就是戒不掉。give up“放弃，戒掉”，符合题意。give in“屈服，让步”；give out“分发，筋疲力尽”；give away“泄露”。【答案】A【链接训练】1Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在

26、学校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻烦。归纳拓展(1)likely adj.很可能的，看来要发生的；(像是)可靠的，可信的；似乎有理的adv.很可能地(2)sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/物很可能干某事It is likely that.很可能not likely绝不可能(才不呢)1Drug users are more likely t例句：She is very likely to ring me tonight.Its very likely that shell ring me tonight.她很可能今晚给我打电话。What is the most likely

27、time to find him in the office?什么时间最有可能在他的办公室里找到他？Rain is likely in all parts of the country today.今天全国各地区都可能下雨。例句：She is very likely to ring 同类辨析possible，probable与likely(1)possible反映客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。常用句型有It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.或It is possible that.。作表语时不能用人作主语。(2)probable主要用来指有根据、合情合理、

28、值得相信的事物，可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。probable只能用It is probable that.句型。作表语时也不能用人作主语。(3)likely是指从外表、迹象上进行判断，有可能发生。与probable意思相接近。likely既可用人也可用物作主语，常用句型是It is likely that.或sb./sth.is likely to (do).。同类辨析【链接训练】There is only a few clouds.The weather is _ to be fine.Apossible BprobableClikely Dlike【解析】句意为：

29、天上只有几片云彩。天气很可能晴朗吧。likely既可用人也可用物作主语，常用句型是It is likely that.或sb./sth.is likely to (do) “很可能”。possible和probable只能用it作形式主语；D项like“像”，介词，不符合题意。【答案】C【链接训练】2Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else！无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事情吧！归纳拓展whatever用法：(1)作连接代词，引导让步状语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，其含义相当于no matter what，

30、意为“无论，不管”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。(2)作连接代词，引导名词性从句(宾语从句或主语从句)，可看作是what的强调说法，其含义相当于anything that或all that，whatever在句中起双重作用，既起先行词与关系代词的作用，又在从句中作主语、宾语等。2Whatever youre doing when y(3)作形容词，意为“无论怎么样的；无论哪一种的”，作定语，意思是“任何的”，可视为what的强调说法。同类辨析whatever，no matter what与what(1)whatever/no matter whatwhatever和no matter wh

31、at都可引导让步状语从句，除此之外，whatever还可引导名词性从句，如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，而no matter what不能。(3)作形容词，意为“无论怎么样的；无论哪一种的”，作定语，(2)whatever/whatwhat与whatever均可作连接代词引导名词性从句，what引导的名词性从句在句中作主语、表语、宾语，意为“所的事物”，相当于the thing(s) which；whatever引导的名词性从句在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，意思是“凡是的事物”，相当于anything/everything that，语气比what更强烈一些。例句：Whatev

32、er he says，his boss doesnt believe it.无论他说什么，他的老板都不相信。(2)whatever/whatYou can choose whatever you like in the shop.你可以在商店中选择任何你喜欢的东西。I believe what he told me.我相信他对我说的话。You can choose whatever you li【链接训练】_David says sounds right to Helen.Thats why she has made up her mind to leave with him_happens.

33、AWhatever；no matter whatBNo matter what；whateverCNo matter what；no matter whatDWhatever；however【解析】第一空是由whatever引导的主语从句，在句中充当主语，相当 于anything that；第二空是由no matter what引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论，不管”。【答案】A【链接训练】1动词不定式作目的状语(1)动词不定式为非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾补及状语。作状语时，可以表示目的、结果或条件。例句：They went there to visit th

34、eir teacher.他们去那里拜访老师。(表示目的)He woke up only/just to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)To look at him，you would like him.看见他，你就会喜欢他。(表示条件)1动词不定式作目的状语(2)某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、哀、乐，后跟不定式表示原因。例句：I am very glad to see you.见到你我非常高兴。(3)在有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示程度。例句：He was too excited not to say a few words

35、. 他太激动了，不会不讲几句话的。He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。(2)某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、哀、乐，后跟不定式表示原注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to(为了)或so as to(以便)动词原形。so as to不用于句首，只能放在句中。这种句式中，如果不定式的逻辑主语与句子的逻辑主语是同一人或事，可以与so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句转换，但是so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句不能放在句首。例句：The whole family went t

36、o the seaside to (in order to/so as to)spend the weekend/so that they can spend the weekend.全家去海边度周末。注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in or(4)动词不定式作目的状语时，通常逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果不一致，则需用动词不定式的复合结构，即for sb. to do sth.。例句：He spoke slowly for us to follow him.他说得很慢，为的是让我们跟上他。(4)动词不定式作目的状语时，通常逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果2结果状语从句(1)结果状语从

37、句表示事态的结果，常置于主语之后，常见的连接词有so that，so.that，such.that等。例句：He had overslept，so that he was late for the lecture.他睡过了头，结果报告会迟到了。I cheered so loudly at the match that I completely lost my voice.我为比赛大声喝彩，以至于嗓子都哑了。(2)应注意下列句子结构的不同：soadj.a/an可数名词单数that.sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that.2结果状语从句such可数名词复数that.such不可数名词that

38、.so表示数量的形容词somany/few可数名词复数that.somuch/little(少)不可数名词that.注意：(1)such和so均可修饰可数名词的单数形式，但是冠词位置有区别。如such a good teacherso good a teacher如此好的一位老师。such可数名词复数that.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导结果状语从句。在目的状语从句中的谓语动词前要用may(might)，can(could)，should，would等情态动词，表达某种可能性；而结果状语从句则不用，它表示的是客观事实，从句前常用逗号，而引导目的状语从句的so that前不用逗号，结果状语从句都置于主句后，但目的状语从句也可以置于主句前。例句：I put on my glasses so that I could see more clearly.我戴上眼镜为的是看得更清楚。Toms first step made such a terrible noise that he almost died of fright.汤姆的第一步发出可怕的响声，差点