2022年考研考博-工商管理硕士（MBA）-考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号84

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-工商管理硕士（MBA）-考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and（ ） workers. 问题1选项A.consistentB.consciousC.confidentialD.conscientious【答案】A2.单选题Its not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,（1）t

2、o understand their negative harder,consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. （2） one and the others become distorted.Travel on a London bus and youll （3） see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do peo

3、ple get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to（4） that people have paid?Possibly, but very few.And people who run for the bus? They are（5）. How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.Why? Because the target is（6）. People complained that buses were late and

4、infrequent. （7）,the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were（8）or punished according to the time they took.And drivers hit these targets. But they （9） hit cyclists. If the target was changed to （10）you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing.If the criterion chang

5、ed to safety, you would get more（11）drivers who obeyed traffic laws.But both these criteria would be at theexpense of time.There is another（12）: people became immensely inventive in hitting targets.Have you（13）that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time?Tailwinds? Of course

6、not! Airlines have simply changed the time a（14）is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight.The（15）of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well（16）others. Everything can be done faster and made cheape

7、r, but there is a（17） Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria（18）critical factors such as time, money, quality and custome

8、r feedback. The trick is not only to（19）just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better（20）the objective.问题1选项A.thereforeB.againC.moreoverD.however问题2选项A.identifyB.assessC.emphasizeD.explain问题3选项A.curiouslyB.quicklyC.eagerlyD.nearly问题4选项A.checkB.pro

9、veC.recallD.claim问题5选项A.threatenedB.mockedC.ignoredD.blamed问题6选项A.hospitalityB.competitionC.punctualityD.innovation问题7选项A.YetB.BesidesC.StillD.So问题8选项A.rewardedB.trainedC.groupedD.hired问题9选项A.ratherB.alsoC.onceD.only问题10选项A.comfortB.efficiencyC.securityD.revenue问题11选项A.cautiousB.quietC.diligentD.fri

10、endly问题12选项A.purposeB.prejudiceC.policyD.problem问题13选项A.revealedB.noticedC.admittedD.reported问题14选项A.breakB.departureC.transferD.trip问题15选项A.moralB.backgroundC.styleD.form问题16选项A.sacrificeB.criticizeC.tolerateD.interpret问题17选项A.secretB.costC.productD.task问题18选项A.relating toB.calling forC.accounting

11、forD.leading to问题19选项A.predictB.restoreC.specifyD.create问题20选项A.reviewB.achieveC.presentD.modify【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C第6题:C第7题:A第8题:A第9题:B第10题:D第11题:A第12题:D第13题:B第14题:D第15题:A第16题:A第17题:B第18题:A第19题:C第20题:B【解析】1.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察考查逻辑连词。A选项therefore“因此”；B选项again“再一次”；C选项moreover“而且”；D选项however“然而”

12、。句意：然而，理解它们的消极后果要困难得多。因此D选项符合题意。2.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项Identify“识别”；B选项Assess“评估”；C选项Emphasize“强调”；D选项Explain“解释”。句意：强调一个，其他就扭曲了。因此C选项符合题意。3.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考察考查副词辨析。A选项curiously“好奇地”；B选项quickly“迅速地”；C选项eagerly“急切地”；D选项nearly“几乎”。句意：你很快就会看到司机是如何做到这一点的。因此B选项符合题意。4.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项check“检查”；

13、B选项prove“证明”；C选项recall“回忆”；D选项claim“宣称”。句意：有没有检票员检查人们是否已经付款？因此A选项符合题意。5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项threatened“威胁”；B选项mocked“嘲笑”；C选项ignored“忽略”；D选项blamed“责备”。句意：那些赶公交车的人呢？他们将被忽略。因此C选项符合题意。6.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项hospitality“好客”；B选项competition“竞争”；C选项punctuality“守时”；D选项innovation“创新”。句意：因为目标是守时。人们抱怨公

14、共汽车晚点且班次较少。因此C选项符合题意。7.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察考查逻辑连词。A选项Yet“然而”；B选项Besides“此外”；C选项Still“仍然”；D选项So“因此”。句意：人们抱怨公共汽车晚点且班次较少，所以公共汽车和公交车道的数量增加了。因此D选项符合题意。8.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项rewarded“奖励”；B选项trained“培训”；C选项grouped“分组”；D选项hired“雇用”。句意：司机根据他们花的时间受到奖励或惩罚。因此A选项符合题意。9.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考察考查副词辨析。A选项rather“宁可”；B选项also

15、“也”；C选项once“一次”；D选项only“只有”。句意：但它他们也会撞到骑自行车的人。因此B选项符合题意。10.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项comfort“安慰”；B选项efficiency“效率”；C选项security“安全”；D选项revenue“收入”。句意：如果目标改为收入，会有更多的检票员和更敏感的定价。因此D选项符合题意。11.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查形容词辨析。A选项cautious“谨慎的”；B选项quiet“安静的”；C选项diligent“勤勉的”；D选项friendly“友好的”。句意：如果标准改为安全，会得到更谨慎的司机遵守交通法

16、规。因此A选项符合题意。12.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项purpose“目的”；B选项prejudice“偏见”；C选项policy“政策”；D选项problem“问题”。句意：还有一个问题：:人们在达到目标方面变得非常有创造力。因此D选项符合题意。13.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项revealed“透露”；B选项noticed“注意到”；C选项admitted“承认”；D选项reported“报道”。句意：你有没有注意到你可以晚一个小时起飞但仍然准时到达？因此选项B符合题意。14.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项break“休息

17、”；B选项departure“离开”；C选项transfer“转移”；D选项trip“旅行”。句意：航空公司只是简单地改变了旅行的时间。因此D选项符合题意。15.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项moral“寓意”；B选项background“背景”；C选项style“风格”；D选项form“形式”。句意：故事的寓意很简单。因此A选项符合题意。16.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项sacrifice“牺牲”；B选项criticize“批评”；C选项tolerate“忍受”；D选项interpret“说明”。句意：选择一个标准，你可能会牺牲其他标准。因此A选项符

18、合题意。17.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考察考查名词辨析。A选项secret“秘密”；B选项cost“代价”；C选项product“产品”；D选项task“任务”。句意：每件事都可以完成得很快，成本很低，但这是有代价的。因此B选项符合题意。18.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考察考查固定搭配。A选项relating to“关于”；B选项calling for“要求”；C选项accounting for“对负有责任”；D选项leading to“导致”。句意：所有好的目标都应具有与关键因素相关的多个标准。因此A选项符合题意。19.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项predict“预言

19、”；B选项restore“恢复”；C选项specify“明确规定”；D选项create“创造”。句意：诀窍是不仅要确定目标的一个甚至两个方面。因此C选项符合题意。20.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考察考查动词辨析。A选项review“回顾”；B选项achieve“实现”；C选项present“展现”；D选项modify“修改”。句意：还要理解如何帮助人们更好地实现目标。因此B选项符合题意。3.单选题When Microsoft bought task management app Wunderlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015, it picked

20、up two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley. Microsofts own Office dominates the market for “productivity” software, but the start-ups represented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smart phone world.Both apps, however, were later scrapped, aft

21、er Microsoft said it had used their best features in its own products. Their teams of engineers stayed on, making them two of the many “acquit-hires”that the biggest companies have used to feed their insatiable hunger for tech talent.To Microsofts critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are exa

22、mples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their.path. “They bought the seedlings and closed them down,” complained Paul Arnold, a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting paid to businesses that might one day turn into competitors. Micros

23、oft declined to comment.Like other start-up investors, Mr Arnold s own business often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies, though he admits to mixed feelings about the result:“I think these things are good for me, if I put my selfish hat on. But are they good for the American econo

24、my? I dont know.”The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade. Although only a research project at this stage, the request has r

25、aised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have been beyond their reach.Given their combined market value of more than $5.5tn, rifling through such small dealsmany of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrisemight seem beside the point. Between th

26、em, the five companies (Apple, Microsoft, Google,Amazon and Facebook) have spent an average of only $3.4bn a year on sub-$1bn acquisitions over the past five yearsa drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than $130bn of venture capital that was invested in the

27、US last year.However, critics say that the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill”. tactic to simply close them down.1.What is true about Wunderlist and sunrise

28、after their acquisitions（ ）.2. Microsofts critics believe that the big tech companies tend to（ ）.3.PaulArnold is concerned that small acquisitions might（ ）.4.The US Federal Trade Commission intend to（ ）.5.For the five biggest tech companies, their small acquisition have（ ）.问题1选项A.Their market values

29、 declinedB.Their tech features improvedC.Their engineers were retainedD.Their products were re-priced问题2选项A.ignore public opinionsB.treat new tech talent unfairlyC.exaggerate their product qualityD.eliminate their potential competitors问题3选项A.harm the national economyB.worsen market competitionC.disc

30、ourage start-up investorsD.weaken big tech companies问题4选项A.examine small acquisitionsB.limit Big Tech s expansionC.supervise start-ups operationsD.encourage research collaboration问题5选项A.brought little financial pressureB.raised few management challengesC.set an example for future dealsD.generated co

31、nsiderable profits【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.【试题答案】C【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第二句Their teams of engineers stayed on, making them two of the many “acqui-hires” that the biggest companies have used to feed their insatiable hunger for tech talent.（他们的工程师团队被保留下来，这使他们成为大型公司为满足对科技人才的巨大需求而进行的大量并购中的两

32、名。），说明Wunderlist和Sunrise被收购后，他们的工程师团队被保留了下来。因此C选项“他们的工程师被保留下来”正确。A选项“他们的市场价值下降了”，B选项“他们的技术特点得到了改善”，D选项“他们的产品被重新定价”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。2.【试题答案】D【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句To Microsofts critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovati

33、ve companies that lie in their path.（在微软的批评者看来，Wunderlist和Sunrise的命运表明，大型科技公司无情地想要摧毁任何挡在它们道路上的创新公司。），说明微软的批评者认为，大型科技公司往往会消灭他们的竞争对手。因此D选项“消灭他们潜在的竞争对手”正确。A选项“无视公众意见”，B选项“不公平对待新技术人才”，C选项“夸大产品质量”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，C错误。3.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段Like other start-up investors, Mr. Arnolds own business

34、often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies, though he admits to mixed feelings about the result: “I think these things are good for me, if I put my selfish hat on. But are they good for the American economy? I dont know.”（和其他初创企业投资者一样，阿诺德自己的业务也常常依赖于把初创企业卖给更大的科技公司，不过他承认，对这样的结果他也有复杂的感

35、觉：“如果我自私自利的话，我觉得这些对我有好处。但它们对美国经济有好处吗？我不知道。”），说明保罗阿诺德担心，小规模的收购可能不利于国家经济。因此A选项“损害国家经济”正确。B选项“恶化市场竞争”，C选项“挫伤初创企业投资者的积极性”，D选项“削弱大型科技公司的实力”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。4.【试题答案】A【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一、二句The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. This week, it asked the f

36、ive most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade.（美国联邦贸易委员会表示希望找到这个问题的答案。本周，该机构向美国市值最高的5家科技公司询问了它们在过去10年进行的许多小规模收购的相关信息。），说明美国联邦贸易委员会打算对小规模收购进行调查。因此A选项“调查小规模收购”正确。B选项“限制大型科技公司的扩张”，C选项“监督初创企业的运作”，D选项“鼓励研究合作”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。5.【试题答案】A【试题解析】

37、推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第六段第二句Between them, the five biggest tech companies (Apple, Microsoft, Google, Amazon and Facebook) have spent an average of only $3.4 billion a year on sub-$1 billion acquisitions over the past five yearsa drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the mor

38、e than $130 billion of venture capital that was invested in the US last year.（在过去五年中，这五家最大的科技公司平均每年只花费34亿美元用于不到10亿美元的收购，与它们庞大的财务储备，以及去年在美国投资的超过1300亿美元的风险资本相比，这只是沧海一粟。），说明对于五家最大的科技公司来说，他们的小规模收购带来的财务压力很小。因此A选项“几乎没有带来财政压力”正确。B选项“几乎没有带来管理上的挑战”，C选项“为未来的交易树立榜样”，D选项“创造了可观的利润”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。4.单选题方程的整数解有

39、4个。（1）方程为|x+1|+|x-2|=3（2）方程为|x+1|-|x-2|=3问题1选项A.条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分。B.条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分。C.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分。D.条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分。E.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分。【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是绝对值问题。条件（1）：当x2时,方程左边= x+1+ x-2=2x-13，不符合条件；当-1x2时，方程左边= x+1-(x-2)=3=右边，符合题意。故整数解为-1,0,1,2共4个，充分。条件（2

40、）：同理，当x2时，|x+1|-|x-2|=3成立，则有无数个解，不充分。5.单选题为进一步弘扬传统文化，有专家提议将每年的2月1日、3月1日、4月1日、9月1日、11月1日、12月1日6天中的3天确定为传统文化宣传日。根据实际需要，确定日期必须考虑以下条件：（1）若选择2月1日，则选择9月1日但不选12月1日；（2）若3月1日、4月1日至少选择其一，则不选11月1日。以下哪项选定的日期与上述条件一致？问题1选项A.2月1日、3月1日、4月1日。B.2月1日、4月1日、11月1日。C.3月1日、9月1日、11月1日。D.4月1日、9月1日、11月1日。E.9月1日、11月1日、12月1日。【答

41、案】E【解析】本题选项全面，可以直接代入题干进行排除。只要与题干不矛盾即可。所以，正确答案为选项E。6.单选题It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not somet

42、hing of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing

43、 is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. S

44、chools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype, that its for kids who cant make it academically,” he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once o

45、ffered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point: Thats not the only thing the American e

46、conomy needs. Yes, a bachelors degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the

47、country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most arent equipped to do them. Koziateks Manchester School of Technology H

48、igh School is trying to fill that gap.Koziateks school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nations diversity of gifts.1.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students lack of （ ）.2.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who

49、（ ）.3.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates（ ）.4.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all（ ）.5.The authors attitude toward Koziateks school can be described as（ ）.问题1选项A.mechanical memorizationB.academic trainingC.practical abilityD.pioneering spirit问题2选项A.are financially

50、disadvantagedB.are not academically successfulC.have a stereotyped mindD.have no career motivation问题3选项A.are entitled to more “educational privilegesB.are reluctant to work in manufacturingC.used to have more job opportunitiesD.used to have big financial concerns问题4选项A.helps create a lot of middle-s

51、kill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD.indicates the overvaluing of higher education问题5选项A.supportiveB.disappointedC.tolerantD.cautious【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.事实细节题：由题干中关键词A broken bike chain定位到文章第二段第三句“When did it become acce

52、pted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?”学生能说出美国第十三任总统的名字，却对坏掉的自行车链条不知所措，这个反差很大但被大众接受的现象说明学生缺少实践能力。B选项符合题意。2.事实细节题。由关键词There exists the prejudice定位到文章第四段首句。对vocational education的prejudice的说明出现在第三句“Scho

53、ols in the family of vocational education have that stereotypethat its for kids who cant make it academically”，职业教育学校给人的固有印象就是，它们是为学业不好的孩子开办的。B选项中的are not academically successful对应文中cant make it academically。因此B选项符合题意。3.判断推理题。由关键词high school graduates定位到文章第五段第三句“The job security that the US economy

54、once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated”，美国经济曾经为高中毕业生提供的就业保障，如今基本上已荡然无存。也就是说过去高中生更多的就业机会。A选项符合题意。4.判断推理题。由关键词the headlong push into bachelors degrees 定位到文章第6段首句“But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important po

55、int: Thats not the only thing the American economy needs”，但是，轻率地推动所有人都获得学士学位以及对所有人的轻微贬低忽略了一个重要的问题:这不是美国经济需要的唯一东西。冒号后对前面否定，本句中也多次出现负面评价词汇如headlong“轻率”、devaluing“贬低”等，由此可知“push into bachelors degree for all”这一做法是错误的，高估了高等教育。D选项符合题意。5.观点态度题。由题干关键词Koziatecks school 定位到文章第七点和第八段，两段中都出现了积极性评价，“is trying t

56、o fill that gap”、“is a wake-up call”，可知作者对这个学校的态度是积极支持的。A选项符合题意。7.单选题两个人数不等的班数学测验的平均分不相等，则能确定人数多的班。（1）已知两个班的平均分（2）已知两个班的总平均分问题1选项A.条件（1）充分，但条件（2）不充分B.条件（2）充分，但条件（1）不充分C.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分，但条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来充分D.条件（1）充分，条件（2）也充分E.条件（1）和条件（2）单独都不充分，条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来也不充分【答案】C【解析】该题考查算术平均值问题。很显然，条件1和条件2单独不充分。

57、两者联立，设两班人数分别为a，b，两班平均分数分别为m，n，两个班的总平均分为x。则有am+bn=(a+b)x，即：a(m-x)=b(x-n)，此时已知m，n和x，则可以确定a和b的大小关系。该题也可以利用十字交叉法作答。8.单选题设 a， b 为实数，则能确定 |a|+|b| 的值，（1）已知 |a+b| 的值（2）已知 |a-b| 的值问题1选项A.条件（1）充分，但条件（2）不充分B.条件（2）充分，但条件（1）不充分C.条件（1）和（2）单独不充分，但条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来充分D.条件（1）充分，条件（2）充分E.条件（1）和（2）单独都不充分，条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来也

58、不充分【答案】C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 条件（1）：已知|a+b|的值，取特值分析，a=1，b=-1时，|a+b|=0，|a|+|b|=2；a=2，b=-2时，|a+b|=0，|a|+|b|=4，故不充分。条件（2）：已知|a-b|的值，取特值分析，a=1，b=1时，|a-b|=0，|a|+|b|=2；a=2，b=2时，|a-b|=0，|a|+|b|=4，故不充分。 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN

59、-US ZH-CN X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 考虑（1）、（2）联立：假设|a+b|=p，|a-b|=q（p、q0），那么：若p q，由三角不等式|a + b|a - b |，推出 ab 0, 则|a| +|b| =|a+b|=p 。若p q，由三角不等式|a + b| |a - b|，推出 ab 0 则|a| +|b| =|a-b|=q。9.单选题It is true that CEO pay has gone up top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average,

60、and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation from the 350 largest such companies now makes about $18.9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO