《新编简明英语语言学教程》1-6章复习题集

1、新编简明英语语言学教程1-6 章复习题集浙江外国语学院英文学院英语语言学概论复习题集英语语言学概论课程复习题集 (1-6 章)2021-5-16 更新Chapter IIntroduction2021Decide whether each of the following statements is TRUE or FALSE: 1. Linguistics is the scientific study of language.Competence and performance is distinguished by Saussure.A synchronic linguistics is

2、 the study of a language through the course of its history. 4. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 5. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks.In the study of linguistics, h

3、ypotheses formed should be based language facts and checked against the observed facts.General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods ap

4、plicable in any linguistic study.Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences. 12. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined

5、 to form words is called morphology.Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not only studies the morphemes, but also the combination of morphemes into words words into sentences.The study of meaning in language is known as semantics. 15. Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings.Pr

6、agmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.Social changes can often bring about language changes. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.The arbitrary nature of language makes it possible for language to have an

7、unlimited source of expressions.1浙江外国语学院英文学院英语语言学概论复习题集Synchronic linguistic is the study of a language through the course of its history.Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.A diachronic study of language is th

8、e description of language at point in time.24.Modern linguistics regards the written language asprimary, not thewritten25.language.The distinction between competence and performancewas proposed by F.de Saussure.26. Features that contrast words in meaning are called design features are said to be in

9、complementary distribution. 27. Linguistic symbols are arbitrary.28. By arbitrariness Saussure means that the forms of linguistic signs bear somenatural relationship to their meaning.Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given:If a linguistic study describes

10、 and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be d.Chomsky defines “ competence” as the ideal users kthe rules of his language.Langue refers to the alinguistic system shared by all members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application o

11、f the rules.43. Dis one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.Language is a system of avocal symbols used for communication.Sis the study of l

12、anguage in relation to society.The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of into permissible sentences in languages is called s.2浙江外国语学院英文学院英语语言学概论复习题集Human capacity for language has a gbasis, but the details language have to be taught and learned.Prefers to the realization of la

13、ngue in actual use.Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally as alinguistics.Language is pin that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, the

14、y can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they never heard be12 12. Linguistics is generally defined as the sstudy of language.13. To help define and maintain interpersonal relations is the s function of language.There are four choices following each statement. Mark

15、the choice thatcanbest complete the statement.The description of a language in a fixed instant is astudy. synchronicB. diachronicC. prescriptiveD. systematicThe application of linguistics principles and theories to language teaching and learning is called. A. sociolinguisticsB.PsycholinguisticsC.com

16、putational linguisticsD. Applied Linguistics3.If a linguistic study describesand analyzes the language peopleactually use, it is said to be.A. prescriptiveB. analytic C. descriptiveD. linguisticWhich of the following is not a design feature of human language?A. ArbitrarinessB. Displacement C. Dualit

17、yD. Meaningfulness 5. Modern linguistics regards the written language as . A. primaryB. correct C. secondaryD. stableIn modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because.in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing3浙江外国语学院英文学院英语语言学概论复习题集speech plays a greater role tha

18、n writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue D. All of the aboveMany modern linguists have criticized traditional grammarians adopting aapproach to language study.synchronicB. diachronicC. prescriptiveD. de

19、scriptiveA historical study of language is astudy of language.synchronicB. diachronic C. prescriptiveD. comparativeAccording to F. de Saussure,refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.paroleB. performanceC. langueD. LanguageLanguage is said to be arbit

20、rary because there is no logical connection between and meanings.A. senseB. sounds C. objectsideasLanguage can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called,A. displacementB. dualityC. flexibilityD. cultural transmissionThe distinction betw

21、een langue and parole was made bylast century.A. American linguist N. ChomskyB. Swiss linguist F. de SaussureC. American linguist Edward SapirD. British linguist J. R. Firth The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good proof that human language is.A. arbitraryB.

22、 rationalC. logicalD. culturalAnswer the following question:In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar?4浙江外国语学院英文学院英语语言学概论复习题集What are the main features of human language that have been specified by C. Hockett to show that it is essentially different from animal commu

23、nication system?Chapter 2：PhonologyI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false:Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning both Chinese andEnglish.If two phonetically similar sounds occur in the environments and theydistinguish meaning, they are said to be in

24、 complementary distribution.A phone is a phonetic unit that distinguishes meaning.4.English is a tone language while Chinese is not.5.In linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing.In everyday communication, speech plays a greater role writing in terms ofthe amount of information conveyed.Articulatory phonetics tries to describe the physical properties of the stream ofsounds which a speaker issues with the help of a machine called spectrograph.