高考英语-代词专题-课件

1、代词 代词 代 词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。代 词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大高考英语-代词专题-PPT高考英语-代词专题-PPT熟读深思大声朗读，并仔细观察句，思考人称代词的用法；观察 句，思考物主代词的用法；观察 到 句，思考反身代词的用法：1. She loves him.她爱他。人称代词、物主代词和反身代词熟读深思人称代词、物主代词和反身代词2. The bag near the table is his.桌子旁边的那

2、个包是他的。3. He is teaching himself English.他在自学英语。4. She lives by herself in the country.她独自住在乡下。2. The bag near the table is h5. The door itself is not strong enough. 这门本身就不牢固。6. You dont look yourself today. 今天你看起来不舒服。7. This is your pen. Mine(=my pen) is in the drawer.这是你的钢笔, 我的在抽屉里。5. The door itse

3、lf is not stro 人称代词有主格和宾格之分, 主格在句中作主语(如She), 宾格在句中作宾语(如him)。 物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种, 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语(如your);名词性物主代词在句中可作主语(如mine)、宾语和表语(如his)等。归纳总结 人称代词有主格和宾格之分, 主格在句中作主语(如She) 反身代词可作动词或介词(by, for等)的宾语; 或者作主语或宾语的同位语，起加强语气的作用, 译作“亲自, 本人”。注意: 反身代词不能单独作主语。 反身代词可作动词或介词(by, for等)的宾语; 或者用所给代词的适当形式填空1. This is

4、not my pencil-box. _ ( I ) is in the bag.2. Trees are planted in _ ( we ) country every year, which makes our country more and more beautiful.3. -Is that bike Miss Gaos?-Yes, it is _(she) . Beautiful, isnt it?4. Help _ (you) to some fruit, Jack.5. -Who taught your brother to surf?-Nobody. He learnt

5、all by _ (he).6. Their English teacher is from America, but _ (we) is from England.7. Marys answer is different from _ ( I ).8. -My watch keeps good time. What about _(you)?-Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.9. Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with _ (he)?10. Did you enjoy _ (you), Mary and Kate?用所给代

6、词的适当形式填空练习I.1.Mine 2.our 3.hers 4.yourself 5.himself 6.ours 7.mine 8.yours 9.him 10.yourselves练习I.熟读深思熟读下列句子, 仔细体会划线代词的用法，然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结” 中的空格里。1. To reach an agreement, both sides must make concession.为达成协议, 两方都必须做让步。表示“两者” “多者” 的代词熟读深思表示“两者” “多者” 的代词2. If you run after two hares, you will catch

7、neither.如果两只野兔都赶, 就哪一只也抓不着。3. You can write on either side.你随便写哪边。2. If you run after two hares,4. He wants to invite all of his friends to his birthday party. 他要邀请所有的朋友来参加他的生日聚会。5. A golden key can open any door. 一把金钥匙能打开所有的门。6. None of us could live without other people. 任何人都不可能离开他人而生活。4. He wants

8、 to invite all of h1.完成下列表格归纳总结all neither noneeitherany1.完成下列表格归纳总结all neither noneei2. 表示否定可说not.either/any, 但没有either/any.not的说法。3. 这两个词都可用于表示两个人或物。Neither 表示否定意义意为 “(两者中的每一个) 都不”; 而either则表示肯定意义, 意为“(两者中的每一个)都”。它们用作代词时,可单独使用, 也可同介词of连用。用作形容词时, 则可用于修饰后面的单数名词。2. 表示否定可说not.either/any, 但没有4. none既可指

9、人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不, 一个也不”。常用于回答how much和how？many引导的问句。none还可与介词of连用。no one只能指人(=nobody), 不能接of短语,常用于回答who引导的问句。4. none既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不5. both/all与not连用表示部分否定, 意为“并非都”。6. 在使用不定代词时，一要注意它们的词性(因为它们还可用作形容词); 二要注意它们所表示的数量; 三要注意它们是表示肯定还是否定。5. both/all与not连用表示部分否定, 意为“并非熟读深思熟读下列句子, 仔细体会划线代词的用法, 然后将

10、这些代词分别填入“归纳总结” 中的空格。1. There was a rainbow in the sky, and another in his heart.天上有一道彩虹, 他心里则有另一道彩虹。表示“另外” 的代词熟读深思表示“另外” 的代词2.There is another way of dealing with the problem.还有另一种办法来处理这个问题。3.His ideas were often at variance with others.他的看法常常和别人不一致。2.There is another way of deal4. Cuckoos often lef

11、t their eggs in other birds nests.杜鹃常常把蛋生在别的鸟窝里。5. Some praise him, whereas others condemn him.有人赞扬他, 而另一些人却谴责他。6. Each wished the other to answer first.每个人都希望对方先回答。4. Cuckoos often left their eg7. He is behind the others in ability.他在能力上比别人差。8. Where are the other students？ 其他同学在哪里？9. Where shall w

12、e be in another ten years？ 再过十年我们会在哪儿？7. He is behind the others in 1.完成表格归纳总结the others others1.完成表格归纳总结the others others2.有the是特指, 无the是泛指; 以s结尾的不能作定语, 不以s结尾的可作定语。3.单独的other只能作定语(如第4句)。2.有the是特指, 无the是泛指; 以s结尾的不能作定语4. 搭配：some.others.有些有些；one.the other.一个(特指两者中的)另一个5. 特殊：another用于“another基数词(few)复数

13、名词” 中, 与“基数(some)other/more复数名词” 相当。4. 搭配：some.others.有些有些练习II.用适当的代词填空1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _ is a teacher.2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _ like ball games.3. Lets go and have a drink. Weve got _ time before the train lea

14、ves.4. We were all very tired, but _ of us would like to have a rest.5. _ of the twins are in our class.6. Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt _.7. It is said there is going to be _ important in the CCTV news.8. We couldnt buy anything because _ of the shops opened at that time.9. They di

15、dnt learn _ new in this lesson.10. -Why is _ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well? -Because Britain, Germany and France are all very near _ country.练习II.用适当的代词填空练习II. 1.the other 2.others 3.a little 4. none 5.Both 6.yourselves 7.something 8.none 9.anything 10.it; her练习

16、II. 用one, ones, the one, that, those, it 填空I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for _.I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy _.The umbrella you bought is cheaper than _I bought. The water in the cup is hotter than _in the pot. There were a few young people and some older _ in the house.Marys han

17、dwriting is far better than_ of Peter.These pictures are more beautiful than _. He is the teacher, _ who is loved by the students. I found _hard to get on with her.He has saved my life. Ill never forget _. There were a few young people and some older _ in the house.用one, ones, the one, that, tho熟读深思

18、熟读下列句子, 仔细体会划线代词的用法, 然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结” 中的空格里。1. Dont take the notebook away. My wife is using it(=the notebook).别把笔记本电脑拿走, 我妻子在用。替代词 it， that， one， those熟读深思替代词 it， that， one， those2. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than that(=the air) in the city.我要搬到农村去, 因为那里的空气比

19、城里的空气要清新得多。2. Im moving to the countrysi3. Weve been looking at houses but havent found one(=a house) we like yet.我一直在看房子, 但还没有找到一座我们喜欢的房子。4. Many will fail to find jobs or lose the ones(=the jobs) they have.许多人将找不到工作, 或者失去现有的工作。3. Weve been looking at house归纳总结1. it和that都替代“the+单数名词”, 都是特指, 都可替代可数和

20、不可数名词; 但_指前面提到的“同一” 事物, 而_是指前面提到的“同类” 事物。2. _替代“a单数可数名词”, 表示泛指; 其复数形式_替代泛指的复数名词。it thatoneones归纳总结1. it和that都替代“the+单数名词”, 都3. _是one的特指，替代“the+单数可数名词”，相当于that；其复数形式 _，替代“the+复数名词”,在口语中也可用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。the ones the one3. _是one的特指，替代“the+单数可数熟读深思观察并思考：It在下列句中的意义和作用。

21、1. It is so noisy here.这儿吵死了。2. What time is it by your cell phone？你的手机是几点了？it 的用法熟读深思it 的用法3. It seldom snows in Guangzhou.广州很少下雪。4. Its about one kilometer from here to the park.从这儿到公园大约一公里。5. This is my new pen. I bought it yesterday. 这是我的新钢笔。我昨天买的。3. It seldom snows in Guangzho6. Whose exercise-

22、book is that？ Its hers.那是谁的练习本?是她的。7. What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy？ 多漂亮的孩子啊！它是男孩吗？ 6. Whose exercise-book is tha8. Who is the man over there？ It must be Jay.那边那个人是谁？一定是杰伊。9. Its no use talking to him. 和他说没有用的。8. Who is the man over there？10. It is important that we learn English well.学好英语很重要。1

23、1. I think it hard to win the game.我认为要赢下这场比赛是很难的。12. It is you that she loves, not me.她爱的是你, 而不是我。10. It is important that we le1. 指环境情况、时间、天气、距离。(如14)2. 代替前文提到过的事物、前文的指示代词(that， this)。(如56)归纳总结1. 指环境情况、时间、天气、距离。(如14)归纳总结3. 指动物、性别不详的婴儿、猜测不确定的人。(如7，8)4. 作形式主语(如9，10)、形式宾语(如11)。5. 构成强调结构。(如12)3. 指动物、性

24、别不详的婴儿、猜测不确定的人。(如7，8)代词是语法填空的一个必考考点1. Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.代词与广东高考语法填空因but后的并列句中缺主语, 应填代词; 根据语境,不难推出走开坐到我附近的应是他后面的那些人,即other people，指人, 是复数, 作主语, 应当填they。they代词是语法填空的一个必考考点代词与广东高考语法填空因but后2.I

25、rose from my seat I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had an amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice. It made _ of us feel good.作made的宾语, 用代词, 由上文 “We (I and the mentally man) had an amazing conversation”可知

26、, 指作者和那个智障人“两个人”, 故填both。both2.I rose from my seat I sat ne3. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 _？” 因及物动词like(喜欢)后缺宾语, 应填代词; 指前面提到的“水(the water)”, 用it。4. After the student left, the teacher let _ student taste the water. 在给老师送水的这个学生离开后, 应是给他的“另外一个”学生尝一尝,

27、 泛指若干个中的“另一个”, 用another。itanother3. He asked his teacher, “Sir,5. She knew that this was a present which was bound to please _.及物动词please(使高兴)后缺宾语,应填代词; 由语境和常识可知, 给父亲买礼物, 应是使父亲高兴, 故填宾格人称代词him。him5. She knew that this was a pr6. Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficul

28、t 3_was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.动词was的前面显然缺主语, 应填代词;由句式结构可知, 填it, 在宾语从句中作形式主语, 真正的主语是to choose.。it6. Jane was walking round the 7.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to help _rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about

29、 _day and night.前空在作宾语的名词rice crop前, 应当填冠词、形容词性物主代词或不定代词等限定词; 由句意和常识可知, 这个急性子人急于使他自己的禾苗长得快, 故填his。后空, 介词about后缺宾语, 应填代词; 由句意或前后逻辑可知, 应填it, 指代前文中的(how) to help his crop grow up quickly。hisit7.It is said that a short-temp8. I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.因(that) I had

30、caused是定语从句, 先行词是trouble, 代表先行词的关系代词that在从句中作宾语, 被省略了; 由搭配cause sb. trouble (=cause trouble for sb.给某人造成麻烦) 可知, 填宾语人称代词her, 指代the old woman。her8. I wanted to reward the old 9. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. _v

31、illagers brought me goats cheese and honey.与招待我们的女主人相对, 拿goats cheese and honey来给我的应是“另外的”一些村民, other作定语。本题也可填Some, 表示“有些人”。Other9. I had noticed three hens ru1. Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made _ almost an overcoat for her.灵活运用1. 指代前面的beautiful hair, 作宾语。itself1.

32、 Surprisingly, Susans beaut2. This man might have needed the umbrella for _later during the day but preferred to give it to me.2. 反身代词作for的宾语。himself2. This man might have needed 3. The chair has lost one of _ legs.3. 代the chair的。4. She likes running, which keeps _fit. 4. 根据主语可知, 作keep的宾语。itsherself

33、3. The chair has lost one of _5. As the saying goes, every dog has _ day.5. 这是一句谚语, 意为“人人皆有得意的时候”。6. She saw it with _ own eyes. 6. 根据主语可知。his her5. As the saying goes, every d7. Have a good time and enjoy _.7. 根据enjoy的用法可知。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”。8. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _after an in

34、jury？ 8. 指the human body“自愈”, 故填itself。 yourselfitself7. Have a good time and enjoy 9. To save time, our teacher has _ students do only half of the exercises in class.因为作动词has的宾语, 要用宾格代词; 由our可知用us作students的同位语。10. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even o

35、ne minute. 因前面的a friend是泛指朋友中的一个, 故填they。usthey9. To save time, our teacher h11. Would you like tea or coffee？ _, thank you. Ive just had some water.根据上文的tea or coffee可知, 这里是在谈论两者, 再根据句中的Ive just had some water可知填neither。12.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them a

36、gain. 指前面提到的his temper和his health这“两者中的任何一个”都找不回了。Neithereither11. Would you like tea or co13. Wow！ Youve got so many clothes. But _ of them are in fashion now.由于so many clothes可知是指“多者”, 由but可知, 指多者中的“一个也不”, 故填none。14. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer _of them. 根据but可知, 空格处是指a

37、 lot of questions中的“任何一个”, 故填any。 noneany13. Wow！ Youve got so many c15. _thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.因all that is important 相当于 what is important。All15. _thats important is th16. To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or

38、 go to the library, or _.指use the Internet和go to the library “两者都”可以。 both16. To know more about the Bri17. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language.由于parents指两者, 又由hard for him可知表示否定, 故用neither。 neither17. It was hard for him to lea18. Which of

39、the two computer games did you prefer？ Actually I didnt like _of them.表示两个电脑游戏中“任何一个”, 我都不喜欢。either18. Which of the two compute19. How do you find your new classmates？ Most of them are kind. But _is so good to me as Bruce.由but可知, 空格处应填一个表否定的代词; 在“新同学”这个范围内“没有一个”, 用none。20. They were _tired, but none

40、 of them would stop to take a rest. 由none of them可知指三个以上; 由But可知, 三个人“都”累了; 故用all。 noneall19. How do you find your new21. Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear？ _ one？表示在原有基础上再增加一个。 22. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _ . 表示在原有基础上再增加一个, 在此相当于another cup of

41、 coffee。anotheranother21. Would you get me a bar of23. You are a team star！Working with _ is really your cup of tea.由a team star可知, 表示泛指的“别人,他人”, 用others。句中ones cup of tea意为“某人所喜欢的事, 如某人所愿”。others23. You are a team star！Workin24. Neither side is prepared to talk to the _unless we can smooth thing ov

42、er between them.根据句中的neither side可知, 谈论的是两者; 指两者中的另一方, 即“对方”, 用the other。other24. Neither side is prepared t25. Laziness, lying, stealing and so on are all easily-formed bad habits. However, there are many _habits formed in early life that are of great help.由上下文可知, 除了一些坏习惯, 还有早期形成的“其他的”许多习惯是有益的。 oth

43、er25. Laziness, lying, stealing 26. Some people like to stay at home on Sunday but _like to go shopping.26. 因some.others.是固定搭配。27. Silly me！I forget what my luggage looks like. What do you think of _over there? 27. 替代前面的不可数名词my luggage。others that26. Some people like to stay a28. We have various sum

44、mer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests.替代前面名词中的一个, 在此相当于a summer camp。29. Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. 作a habit的同位语, 句意为：帮助别人是一种习惯，一种从很小就可学会的习惯。oneone28. We have various summer cam30. One of the most important questions they had

45、to consider was _of public health.30. 替代前面提到的the question。that30. One of the most important 31.The ideal student is considered to be _who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades.泛指a student, 填不定代词one, 表示 “一个为了学习而被激励学习的人, 而不是只对得高分感兴趣的那种人”。 on

46、e31.The ideal student is consid32. For _who dont have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things by yourself.指代the people“的那些人”, 也可用the ones。33. You must find the right courses. These are the _that have the least amount of work, the fewest tests and the kindest profes

47、sors. 33. 指代the courses。thoseones32. For _who dont have ti34. My father bought me a pen and I like _ very much.34. 替代the pen。35. This dictionary is more useful than the _ I bought yesterday. 35. 替代the dictionary。itone34. My father bought me a pen 36.Ten years ago the population of our village was tw

48、ice as large as _of theirs.替代不可数名词, 表示同类, 只能用that。37. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _. 在此指代前面提到的the employment rate(就业率)。thatit36.Ten years ago the populatio38. Why dont you bring _to his attention that youre too il

49、l to work on？在此为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是其后的宾语从句that youre too ill to work on。39. The two girls are so alike that strangers find _difficult to tell one from the other. 在此为形式宾语, 真正的宾语是其后的不定式to tell one from the other。itit38. Why dont you bring _to 40. The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.因t

50、hought后面的是一个宾语从句, 由that引导, 但that被省略了。空格处填it, 用作宾语从句的形式主语, 宾语从句真正的主语是for you to have a holiday。it40. The doctor thought _would41. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy _. 指代前面提到过的this house。注意it与one的用法区别: it相当于“the+名词”,指前面提到的同一事物; one相当于“a+名词”, 指相似的同类

51、事物。it41. I like this house with a b42.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.强调句型it is (was).that.的用法。注意句中 that she had bought in the village是修饰 supplies的定语从句，不要误认为引导该定语从句的关系代词that为强调句型的结构词that。句意为: 女主人只是用她在村里买来的一些东西就做出了那样一顿佳肴。that42

52、.It was from only a few supp43. Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _has made him what he is today.强调句型it is.that.的用法。句意为：约翰的成功与好的运气没有关系, 是多年的努力工作才使他变成今天这个样子(成就了今天的事业)。that43. Johns success has nothing二、短文填空 Dear Mr. Johnson， I saw1 _advertisement in the newspape

53、r about your finding a small white dog with some black hair on 2 _ head. 1. 在名词前作定语, 用形容词性物主代词，表示“你的”。2. 在名词前作定语, 表示“它的”头, 即那只狗的头。 yourits 二、短文填空 1. 在名词前作定语, 用形容词性物主代词The dog is 3 _and I can prove it. 4 _ had a brown path on one of its hind legs. 5 _wife was very unhappy that we had lost 6 _ dog. 3.

54、 作表语，指“那只狗是我的狗(my dog)”, 故填名词性物主代词。4. 指代那只狗(the dog)。 5. 由语境可知, 应指作者自己的老婆, 故说My wife。6. 由前面的we可知。 mine/oursItMy our The dog is 3 _and I cWe are grateful that 7 _found our dog and are keeping 8 _.Can I come and collect it from you at 9_address given in the advertisement? Please let 10 _know.Thank you

55、，Barney Jones7. 指对方，即Mr. Johnson。 8. 指代那只狗(the dog)。 9. 指“你的”地址; 可填your; 或特指广告中所给的“那个”地址, 可填the。 10. 作宾语, 用宾语, 指告诉“我”。you ityour/themeWe are grateful that 7 _fo An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market. The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1 _. A man saw them and asked

56、the son why 2 _wasnt riding the donkey. 1. 指代前面的the donkey。2. 指代前面的the son, 在宾语从句中作主语, 用主格。ithe Then the father let 3 _ride it.4 _ man saw them and told 5 _that they should 6 _ ride the donkey. 3. 指his son, 作let的宾语, 用宾格。4. 泛指的“另一个”人。5. 指代the father和his son, 作told的宾语。6. 作主语they的同位语, 指这对父子“两人都”应骑在驴背上。

57、him AnotherthembothThen the father let 3 _ride So 7 _both got on it. A woman who saw them said, “Tell 8 _, why are you both riding that poor animal? 9 _looks so weak and tired.10 _are so cruel！” 7. 指代the father和his son，作主语。8. 与后面的you(你)相对，应是me(我)。9. 指前面的that poor animal。10. 由前面的you both可知。theymeItYo

58、uSo 7 _both got on it. A wom三、综合填空 Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time 1 _there were many great philosophers. Confucius (孔子)is the philosopher 2 _influence has been the greatest. 1. 引导定语从句, 先行词是a time (一段时期)。2. 引导定语从句, 指“这个哲学家的”影响。whenwhos

59、e三、综合填空 Ancient China was a Mencius (孟子)was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to 3 _of Confucius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is 4 _man is good. 3. 指代复数名词the teachings。4. 引导表语从句, 固定句式the reason why. is that. (的原因是)。 thosethat Mencius (孟子)was a thinker

60、 He taught that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers， and hated the state when 5 _treated people badly. Mozi (墨子)was 6 _teacher who was very influential. 5. 代替前面的the state。6. 泛指的“另一个”。it anotherHe taught that if the governmeBo