Unit 5 单元测试题-学年人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册(含答案)

1、UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND第一局部听力（略）第二局部阅读（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分） 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。HEADINGTON CHILDREN S PHOTOGRAPHY COMPETITION19th AprilWe*re excited to hold a childrens wildlife photography competition this year on the theme of My Planet Earth, which aims to explore the

2、 wonderful wildlife living in our neighbourhood.The competition is for children aged 4 through 11 who live or go to school in and around Headington and an exhibition of our favourite photos will be shown at Headington Festival on 6th June.There are two age categories （类另U）, A winner and two runners-

3、up will be chosen in each category:4-7-year-olds8-11-year-oldsTHE PRIZESWe have exciting prizes for winners and runners-up:Winner in each category receives a family ticket to the Science Oxford Centre.Runners-up will receive book tokens （券）.All the photographs included in the festival exhibition wil

4、l also be shown at the Science Oxford Centre.THE RULESFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification （不合格）.Wildlife doesnt include pets.We request one photographic entry per person.Your photograph must be taken in or around Headington.finding a farmer with 60.he wanted to partner. This time

5、as a landowner, he looked for a（n） 61.（suit） farmer to give the land new life with a vegetable operation. In exchange, he offered a free 30-year land lease （租期）and below-market rent on half of a two-family house he was in the process of building on the property. Eugene designed the arrangement 62.（h

6、e） to empower a young farmer by providing the opportunity to farm worry-free and for a long time.Eugene found his match 63.Jack Whettam and Melissa Phillips, a family from California 64.（seek） an opportunity to farm in the Hudson Valley. The family 65.（start） Hidden Acre Farm on the property in earl

7、y 2019 and the farmers were helped to connect to market opportunities in New York City.第四局部写作（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（总分值15分）假定你是李华，你校将举办英文演讲比赛，主题为“How to solve world hunger”，请写一篇演讲稿参赛。注意：写作词数应为80左右。第二节（总分值25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Physical activity, recreation （娱乐）and time spent outdoors are important p

8、arts of a healthy lifestyle. Not only do recreational activities provide great exercise, but they also have the potential to start activities that can help you center on yourself, clear your mind or get close to friends and family. Time spent outside is always well spent. From the physical benefits

9、to the mood-boosting （提升情绪的）and mental advantages, weve rounded up all the reasons why recreational activities are great for your mind, body and soul.When you think of exercising, you probably picture lifting weights in a gym.Many recreational activities, however, are also great forms of exercise. E

10、ssentially, recreational activities are outdoor pastimes （消遣）that you pursue mainly for your own enjoyment - to relax, get fresh air, exercise and live in the moment. Hiking, skiing and boating, for example, are enjoyable activities, and they also benefit the heart. Its important not to ignore the p

11、hysical benefits of outdoor recreation.In addition to the physical benefits, recreational activities can also do wonders for your mental health. Time spent outdoors has been shown to reduce stress. Outdoor activities can boost your mood as well. Getting outside and doing what you love resets you for

12、 the day. Sunshine, vitamin D and fresh air are actually recommended as part of a healthy routine.Another amazing benefit of recreational activities is the social interaction that often comes along with joining in them. While there are plenty of activities you can do alone, theres also a lot you can

13、 do with or around people. In todays climate of social distancing, outdoor recreational activities have been lifelines for people to connect and spend time together safely. Going on a hike with someone or driving a car on mountain roads is a great way to connect. Not only are you getting all the phy

14、sical and emotional benefits of being outdoors, but youre also experiencing an emotional connection.参考答案听力1-20略21-25 BDCAC26-30 DCCBB31-35 ACDBB36-40 EBGAF41-45 BCACD46-50 DCACB51-55 BDADAmore57. to create58. the59. previously60. whomsuitable62. himself63, with64. seeking65. started 写作第一节One possibl

15、e version:Good afternoon, everybody!In a world where we try our best to produce enough food to feed everyone, hundreds of millions of people still go to bed on an empty stomach each night. What can we do to solve world hunger?First, reduce food waste. Avoid buying too much. Second, donate food. The

16、donations have a great impact on world hunger. Last but not least, help farmers. Supporting and training them may be the best possible solution.If everyone joins the fight against world hunger, the world will become a better place to live in.第二节One possible version:Physical activity, recreation and

17、spending time outdoors benefit people in many aspects.（要/点 1） Recreational activities can be organized in many enjoyable forms and are of benefit to the human body.（要点 2） Also, recreational activities help improve mental health in many ways, such as reducing stress and lifting spirits.（要点 3） Whats m

18、ore, recreational activities encourage social interaction, which helps build up an emotional connection.（要点 4）局部解析 阅读第一节A篇主题语境：人与自我生活本文是应用文。文章为一那么摄影竞赛参赛指南。Bo 细节理解题。由文中的 The competition is for children aged 4 through 11 who live or go to school in and around Headington 可知,该竞赛面向 4 至 11 岁的 儿童举办。Do 细节理解

19、题。由 THE PRIZES 局部中的 Winner in each category receives a family ticket to the Science Oxford Centre可知，获胜者将得到一张牛津科学中 心的家庭票。Co 细节理解题。由 THE RULES 局部中的 Wildlife doesnt include pets 可 知，参赛者的作品应与野生动物有关，不包括宠物。B篇主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化本文是记叙文。文章是对美国著名植物遗传学家George Shull的生平介绍。Ao词义猜想题。由第一段中的Being needed on the farm和it

20、was supplemented by intense home study可知，家里的农场需要Shull帮助，因此他 早年接受的正规教育时辍时续。off and on为固定表达，意为“偶尔；断断续 续”。Co 细节理解题。由第一段中的 by 1892, he was teaching public school, and later attending Antioch College 和第二段中的 In 1901, he graduated from Antioch 可知，Shull从Antioch学院毕业之前就已经有在公立学校教书的经验了。Do 细节理解题。由第三段中的 when he c

21、rossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields 可知， Shull培育玉米的方法是将自花授粉的纯种玉米杂交，其杂交后代产生了意想不 到的生长优势和很高的产量。Co写作手法题。通读全文，根据文中出现的时间点1874、1892、1901、 1904、1905、1915、1942可知，本文是按照时间顺序写作的。【补充说明】格雷戈尔孟德尔(Gregor Mendel),奥地利帝国生物学家，是遗传学的奠基 人，被

22、称为“现代遗传学之父”，于1865年发现遗传定律。C篇主题语境：人与自我生活本文是记叙文。文章讲述了农场经营者Eduardo Rivera致力于改变当地农业现 状的故事。Co 推理判断题。由第二段中的 I never needed anything, honestly. We had our animals, we had fruit, and we had water 及 I just grew up very lucky 可知, Rivera 觉得自己在农场长大很幸运。由此可推断，他对小时候在农场的生活感到很满 足。Bo 细节理解题。由第四段中的 He rents the land fro

23、m a local farmer 及 Rivera 所说的 There are a lot of Latinos farming, but. not a lot of us own land 可矢口, Rivera及许多其他拉丁美洲人没有属于自己的土地，只能向当地的农场主租 借。Bo 细节理解题。由第六段中的 His 10-year plan includes opening a farm-to-table restaurant that specializes in Mexican food 可知，Rivera 计划将来开 一家墨西哥风味的餐厅。Ao 推理判断题。由第三段中的 He now

24、hopes to change the face of farming by providing organic produce for low-income Latinos 及最后一段中 Rivera 所说的 I want to put money into infrastructure to be able to do things year-round 和 There*s a farmer in Detroit Lakes who grows peaches in a greenhouse 可推断，Rivera 计戈U在 拥有自己的土地后进行基础设施建设，效仿他人建造温室来解决冬季种植问

25、 题，这可以帮助他改变当地农业的现状。D篇主题语境：人与自然自然生态本文是说明文。研究发现体型大的大黄蜂会花更多时间来记住含花蜜多的花 朵。Co 段落大意题。由第二段中的 They will slowly fly around the flower, and then fly away from it, looking back at its location. They will remember the flower and the views all around it可知，本段主要介绍大黄蜂是如何记住含花蜜多的花朵的 位置的。Do 细节理解题。由第三段中的 When the conce

26、ntration was greater, the larger bees spent more time circling the flowers and making learning flights. When the concentration was smaller, the length of time the bees spent looking at the flower and flying around it dropped可知，人工花糖溶液浓度越高，大黄蜂花在记住该花位 置上的时间越长。该段中的solution意为“溶液”。Bo 推理判断题。最后一段中的 Large bu

27、mblebees are able to carry larger loads and explore further from the nest than smaller ones 和 Smaller bees often take on more tasks inside the nest说明蜂的体型大小决定着它们在群体生活中的主要职 责。Bo题。本文主要介绍了研究发现体型大的大黄蜂会花更多时间来 记住含花蜜多的花朵的位置。文章主题与大自然相关。第二节主题语境：人与自我生活本文是说明文。文章就经营休闲农场给出几点建议。Eo空前介绍了休闲农场；空后讲述的是你刚开始经营休闲农场时可能会遇 到的

28、问题以及对策。由此可推断，本空所讲内容应与开始经营农场及可能遇到 的问题相关，E项符合语境。Bo 由本段中的 Start small 及 If you start with just one or two . a lower rate of failure可知，你刚开始经营休闲农场时，应该从小做起，先尝试种植一两种作 物。所有选项中，只有B项符合语境。Go 由本段中的 Dont try to be profitable 及 Remember that you got into hobby farming for the fun of it可知，本段讲述的是你不要靠自己的休闲农场赚钱，因 为这不

29、是你经营休闲农场的初衷。由此可推断，本空所讲内容应该与“利润”或 “乐趣”相关，应选G项。Ao本段讲述的是与其他农民交流。由空前的Talk to other farmers和there are probably other people who share similar goals 及空后的 Consider joining a group that shares tips, tools, and other resources 可知，A 项符合语境。A 项中的 them 指 代 other people who share similar goals, 且 connect with 与 T

30、alk to 及 joining 均与 交流有关。Fo本段讲述的是在你的休闲农场里你可以依据自己的喜好试验各种作物。 结合空前的Be flexible with your choices及空后所给实例可知，F项符合语境， 该项中的free与本段中的flexible同义。本空内容起承上启下的作用。语言运用第一节主题语境：人与自然自然生态本文是说明文。作者通过自己的经历介绍了园艺如何教孩子成长。Bo由上文中的helping out in the garden as children可知，这里是作者描述小 时候他在花园里跟爷爷一起劳作的情形爷爷种植剑兰茎块，他在爷爷身旁 往土里放胡萝卜种子。故pla

31、nt符合语境。Co 由上文中的 good memories of helping out in the garden 以及下文介绍园艺 教孩子成长可知，garden是本文关键词。由本句中的In todays busy world可 知，本句内容与上文形成比照关系，指出在当今快节奏的生活中，拥有一个花 园看上去更像是个工程，这里是说园艺生活并不那么容易。应选garden。Ao由下文介绍园艺教孩子成长以及本句中but一词的转折可知，虽然如今 拥有一个花园更像是一个工程，但一小块土地却能提供许多学习的机会。故 rich （丰富的）符合语境。plot在此处作名词，意为“小块土地”。Co由下文介绍园艺在

32、情感、体力、数学能力等方面令孩子成长可知，孩子 可以从花园劳作的过程中在多方面“受益（benefit）Do 由常识和下文中的 Help him、teach him work on Talk to him 可知,作 者这里是说在花园里劳作时，家长要给予孩子一定的帮助，这样他们才能有所 收获。故effort （努力）符合语境。Do 由本句中的 preschoolers learn to be responsible and patient 和 as it grows into a plant可知，孩子只有在经历过“细心照看（caring for） ”一粒种子直到它长 成一株植物的过程，才能懂得责任

33、与耐心。Co孩子观察到一粒种子是如何长成漂亮的植物的，这个过程带给人的应该 是一种成就感和满足感。故self-satisfaction （自我满足）符合语境。另外，根据 上文中的From an emotional standpoint也可知，本句内容与上文提及的责任感和 耐心都是与人的内心感受相关的。Ao根据常识可知，简单的挖种（劳动）对人的身体成长也是有帮助的。故 helps符合语境。Co本空所在局部承接上文内容，说明在户外从事园艺劳作对孩子体能方面 的帮助是自然而然形成的。故naturally （自然地）符合语境。Bo 由下文列举的 Help him to make a chart. te

34、ach him to predict. work on basic math concepts . Talk to him about the principle of cause and 可知，画图 表、预测变化、学习数学基本概念和了解因果关系都与教育相关。本段中作者 介绍的是园艺经历在教育方面带给孩子的成长。故educational符合语境。chart 此处有“图表”之意。Bo 由本句中的 make a chart of his plants、predict、each week 可矢口，这里是 说帮助孩子预测植物每周的生长“变化（change）Do由本句中的basic math conce

35、pts可知，数学概念应该是与测量、计算有 关。故measuring符合语境。Ao 由本句中的 as he waters the seeds and they later sprout 可知，种子被浇灌 然后才能发芽表达的是一种因果关系。故effect符合语境。the principle of cause and effect是固定表达，意为“因果原理”。Do 由本句中的 from sowing seeds to growing plants to harvesting flowers and veggies可知，经历播种、种植和收获后，生命完整的周期就“展现（unfolds） ” 在了孩子面前

36、。本句中的wear on指“（时间）慢慢过去”。Ao 下文中的 Believe me, the memories of planting flowers next to Mom are sure to be sweet是对本空内容的解释，说明从事园艺活动是一种可以把人们紧密“联 系（connect） ”起来的不错的方法。第二节主题语境：人与社会社会服务本文是记叙文。来自纽约市的Eugene Kwak用他自己的方式帮助农民。moreo考查副词的比拟级。由语境及设空处后的than his New York City routine可知，这里表达的是比拟意义，故填much的比拟级形式more。to

37、createo考杳固定搭配。use . to do sth.用做某事。the。考查定冠词。with the help of在的帮助下。previouslyo考查副词。设空处作状语，意为“先前”，故填previously。whomo考查关系代词。设空处所在局部为“with +关系词”引导的限制性定语 从句，修饰名词farmer,且设空处在从句中作宾语，故填whom。suitableo考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作前置定语修饰farmer,用形容 词，意为“合适的”,故填suitableohimselfo考查代词。由语境可知，此处是说Eugene“他自己”设计了（农场 的）布局安排，故填hims

38、elf。witho考查介词。match with与匹配。match此处用作名词。seekingo考查动词-ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语，修饰说明family的情况，故填seekingstarted o考查一般过去时。由时间状语in early 2019可知，此处描述的动作 发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填startedoYour photograph should be taken on a digital camera, tablet or phone.When you are emailing your competition picture to us, please writ

39、e a very brief description of it. For exampleA bird I found in my back garden. Your description will help our judges to understand why you took the picture.Tell us your name, age, and address - and what school you go to.Choose the one you are most proud of and email it to us at by 20th May.What do w

40、e know about the competition?It will take place on 19th April.It is open to children aged 4-11.It centres on wildlife protection.It is only for school children in Headington.What will the winners get?A new digital camera.A copy of the best pictures.A book about wild animals.A family ticket to the Sc

41、ience Oxford Centre.Which of the following will result in disqualification?Emailing one photographic entry.Emailing your picture on 6th May.Emailing a picture of your pet dog.Emailing your picture with a description of it.BGeorge Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowle

42、dge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and oe. However, it was supplemented （增补）by intense home study so that by 1892, he was teaching public school, and later attending Antioch College.In 1901, he graduated from Antioc

43、h and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany （植物学）and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U.S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry as

44、a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph.D. thesis （论文）.And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.He began working on corn in 190

45、5. Following Gregor MendeFs example, Shull obtained pure-bred （纯种的）lines of corn through self-pollination. The pure-bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He i

46、mmediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Geneti

47、cs is still one of the top international science journals.Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.What does the underlined part “off and on in paragraph 1 mean?Not regularly.Very formally.Very excellently.Not surprisingly.What do w

48、e know about Shull before graduating from Antioch?He had begun his work on corn.He had passed a Civil Service exam.He had had some experience of teaching.He had examined the plants of Chesapeake Bay.What was so special about ShulFs method of corn breeding?It was first published in Genetics.It comple

49、tely relied on self-pollination.It was mainly widely accepted in Ohio.It focused on crossing pure-bred lines.How does the author mainly develop the text?By giving examples.By making comparisons.By following time order.By presenting a scientific study.CEduardo Rivera learned how to farm from his gran

50、dfather, who grew black beans, peaches, carrots and tomatoes in Zacatecas, Mexico. His playground was the farm 一 the chickens, the animals, the crops - and now, while he is living in Stillwater, Minnesota, its still the same.“As a kid, I didn!t really have much in terms of possession （拥有）of toys or

51、a television/ he says. Your playground was outside. I never needed anything, honestly. We had our animals, we had fruit, and we had water. I just grew up very lucky.”When he was 10, Rivera and his family moved to Arizona. He farmed in Arizona and moved to Minnesota six years ago. He now hopes to cha

52、nge the face of farming by providing organic produce for low-income Latinos.Rivera runs Sin Fronteras, a 3%-acre farm which he started in 2014. He rents the land from a local farmer. There are a lot of Latinos farming, but. not a lot of us own land J Rivera says.About 60 percent of Sin Fronteras bus

53、iness is wholesale; Rivera delivers to restaurants and food co-ops twice a week. The rest is sold through a community- supported agriculture program and at farmers* markets.Riveras five-year business plan calls for him to own his own farm. His 10-year plan includes opening a farm-to-table restaurant

54、 that specializes in Mexican food.“Not having any infrastructure （基石出设施）or money, Ill have to grow for four years to achieve the numbers and then ask fbr a loan to buy my farm/9 he says. Pm going to rent one more year, and then I hope to be able to buy my own place. I dont see myself doing anything

55、else.”Once he owns his land, Rivera says he will be able to grow in the winter, too. I want to put money into infrastructure to be able to do things year-round, he says. “Theres a farmer in Detroit Lakes who grows peaches in a greenhouse. There*re a lot of things you could be doing in the winter too

56、.”How does Rivera feel about his childhood years on the farm?Encouraged.Regretful.Satisfied.Ashamed.What problem does Rivera face now?His farm needs more hands.He doesnt have his own land.His produce doesnt sell well.He can only grow one or two crops.What is Riveras plan?To rent more land.To open a

57、restaurant.To raise the prices of vegetables.To teach local people about farming.What is important to Rivera for changing the face of farming?Building greenhouses.Introducing foreign fruit.Joining another modern farm.Developing new farming methods.Bigger bumblebees （大黄蜂）spend time learning the locat

58、ions of the most nectar-rich （花蜜多的）flowers, so they can easily find them again, new research finds. Smaller bees, on the other hand, arent quite as choosy in their flower selection.After drinking from a flower, bumblebees decide if its worth visiting again. If the flower is rich in nectar, bumblebee

59、s will perform what are known as learning flights to study the location around the flowers. They will slowly fly around the flower, and then fly away from it, looking back at its location. They will remember the flower and the views all around it. On their next trip, the bees match what they see wit

60、h the views they have already memorized. This takes them back to the flowers location.For the study, researchers set up an experiment in a greenhouse where they could watch bees visit artificial flowers containing varying concentrations （不同浓度）of sugar solutions. The flowers had sugar solutions rangi