上海市嘉定区2018届高三下学期教学质量调研(二模)英语试题(无听力)

1、精细；挑选;精细；挑选;2018嘉定区高考英语二模2018.4GrammarandVocabularySectionAStephenHawking:SciencesBrightestStarHisfamilyreleasedastatementintheearlyhoursofWednesdaymorningconfirminghisdeathathomeinCambridge.HawkingshildrenLucy,RobertandTim,saidinastatement:“Wearedeeplysaddenedthatourbelovedfatherpassedawaytoday.Hew

2、asagreatscientistandanextraordinaryman(21)worklegacywillliveonformanyyears.”Forfellowscienstsandlovedones,itwasHawkingsintuitioandwickedsenseofhumormarkedhimoutasmuchasthefierceintellectthat,coupledwithhisillness,cametosyunboundedpossibilitiesofthehumanmind.HawkingwasdriventoWagner,butnotthebottle,h

3、enhe(24)(diagnose)withmotorneuronediseasein1963attheageof21.Doctorsexpectedhim(25)(live)foronlytwomoreyButHawkinghadaformofthediseasethatprogressedmoreslowlythanusual.Hesurvivedformorehalfacentury.Hawkingonceestimatedheworkedonly1,000hoursduringhisthreeundergraduateyearsat0 xfor(Inhisfinals,hecamecl

4、ose(26)afirst-andsecond-classdegree.(27)(convince)tha-seenasadifficultstudent,hetoldhisexaminersthatiftheygavehimafirsthewouldmovetoCatopursuehisphD.Awardasecondandhethreatenedtostay.Theyoptedforafirst.Thosewholiveintheshadowofdeathareoftenthosewholivemost.ForHawking,theearlydiagnosisofhisterminaldi

5、sease,and(28)(witness)thedeathfromleukemiaofaboyheknewhospital,arousedafreshsenseofpurpose.“(29)therewasacloudhangingovermyfuture,Itomysurprise,thatIwasenjoyinglifeinthepresentmorethanbefore.Ibegantomakeprogresswresearch,”heoncesaid.Takinguphiscareerinearnest,hedeclared:“Mygoalissimple.Itisaundersta

6、ndingoftheuniverse,whyitis(30)yittiexandswhtall.”SectionBanalysisB.usuallyC.assuresD.poursE.developmentF.necessaryG.cloudyH.absentI.cultivateJ.allowK.extremelyHeiskindlyTheothereveningatadancingclubayoungmanintroducedmetoMr.andMrs.F.ScottFitzgeralandScottseemedtohavechangedalotfromthefirsttimeImethi

7、matPrinceton,whenhewasaneaundergraduateryingiisbestto_31_himselfintoagreatauthor.Hdsstiltryingiardtobeagreatauthor.Heisatworknowonanovelwhichhiswife_32_meisffaaisbSitlerofhaParadibetlikemostofouryoungernovelistshefindsit_33_toproduceacertainnumberofshortstories-thewheelsgoaround.ThetVegetablehisplay

8、,didnotreceiveaManhattanpresentationseemstohavedisappointedratherthandiscouragedhim.Heisstill_34_light-hearted.Ihavealwaysconsideredhimthemostbrilliantofouryoungernovelists.Notoneofthemcant(hisstyle,northesuperbqualityof讽i刺)satfediasyettoputtheminanovelwithcarefulnessofconceptionand_35_ofcharacter.H

9、ecanbecomealmostanykindofwriterthathispeculiarlyrescharacterwill36.BorninSt.Paul,heattendedPrinceton,servedintheArmy,wrotehisfirstnovelinatrainingachievedfameandfortune,marriedaSoutherngirl,hasachildandlivesinNewYork.Atheart,heofthekindliestoftheyoungerwriters.ArtistrymeansagreatdealtoF.ScottFizgera

10、ld,andintobestworkhe_37_greatefforts.Hedemandsthisintheworkofothers,andwhenhedoesnotfindcriticizeswithpassionateearnestness.Ihaveknownhim,afterreadingnavyoungfelbowk,totakewhatmusthavebeenhoursoftimetowritehimalengthy,careful_38_.Justwhathewillwriteinthefutureremains_39_.Withafirmerreputationthantha

11、toftheyoungpeople,heyetseemstometohaveachievedratherlessthanRobertNathanandrathermorethaStephenVincentBenet,CyrilHume.Hiscomingnovelshouldmeanadefinitepredictionforfutureworistobehopedthatfromitwillbe_40_theseeminglyunavoidablemoderngirls.ReadingComprehensionSectionAStandardsforSchools:DevelopingOrg

12、anizationalAccount绩效ity(Qualityteachingdependsonnotjustteachersknowledgeandskillsbutontheenvironmentinwtheywork.Schoolsneedtoofferacoherentcurriculumfocusedonhigher-orderthinkingandperform:acrosssubjectareasandgrades,timeforteacherstowork_41_withstudentstoaccomplishchallegoals,opportunitiesforteache

13、rstoplanwithandlearnfromoneanother,andregularoccasionstotheoutcomesoftheir_42_.Ifschoolsaretobecomemoreresponsibletheymust,likeotherprofessionairganizationm,keevaluationandassessmentpartoftheireverydaylives.Justashospitalshavestandingcommittees(thatmeetregularly。lookatevaluatioiiataanddiscussthe_43_

14、ofeachaspectoftheirwork-apracticreinforcedytheinccreditati评定)requirements-schoolsmusthaveregulaioccasionstoexaminetheirpracticeandeffectiveness.AsRichardRothsteiiandcolleaguedescribeinGradingEducation:GettingAccountabilitRightschool-levelaccountabilitycanbesupportedbyschool_44_,likethosecommoninmany

15、othernati(inwhichtrainedexpertsevaluateschoolsbyspendingseveraldaysvisitingclassrooms,_45_samplstudentwork,andinterviewingstudentsabouttheirunderstandingandtheirexperiences,_46_lookobjectivdatasuchastestscoresgraduationates,ndsoon.Insomecases,principalaccompanytheinspectorsintoclassroomsandareaskedf

16、ortheirownevaluationsofthelessons.Inthisway,theareabletomake_47_abouttheinstructionaddsupervisoryompetence能力)forprincipalAsdescribedearlier,inspectorsmayalsoplayaroleinensuringthe_48_andcomparabilityofscho(assessments(asinEnglandandAustralia),aswellasschoolsinternalassessmentandevaluationp(asinHongK

17、ong).Inmostcountriesinspectionsystems,schoolsareratedonthequalityofinstructionandotheandsupportaswellasstudents_49_andprogressonawiderangeofaspects,includingandgoibeyondacademicsubjectareas,suchasextra-curriculparsonalandsocial_50_,theacquisitioofworkplaceskillsandthe_51_towhichstudentsareencouraged

18、toadoptsafepracticesanda_52_lifestylSchoolsareratedastowhethertheypassinspectionjeedmodestimprovements,orrequireseriousinterventio介入)，andtheyreceiveextensivfeedbackonwhattheinspectorbothsawand_53_.Reportsarepubliclyposted.Schoolsrequiringinterventionarethengivenmoreexpert_54_support,andareplacedonam

19、orefrequentscheduleofvisits.Thosethatpersistentlyfailtopassplacedunderlocalgovernmentcontrolandcouldbe_55_iftheyarenotimproved.placedunderlocalgovernmentcontrol41.A.occasionallyB.closelyC.strictlyD.peacefully42.A.challengesB.competenceC.curriculumD.practices43.A.effectivenessB.faultsC.progressD.requ

20、irements44.A.instructionB.protectionC.inspectionD.consideration45.A.takingB.improvingC.examiningD.copying46.A.asfarasB.ratherthanC.otherthanD.aswellas47.A.judgmentsB.decisionsC.inquiriesD.suggestions48.A.quantityB.qualityC.instructionD.support49.A.educationB.performanceC.attentionD.interest50.A.resp

21、onsibilityB.structureC.resourcesD.benefits51.A.frequencyB.consistenceC.satisfactionD.extent52.A.comparableB.healthyC.differentD.unique53.A.appreciatedB.criticizedC.recommendedD.rewarded54.A.attentionB.programsC.evaluationD.explanations55.A.setdownB.putdownC.closeddownD.pulleddownSectionB(A)EyeScanTe

22、chnologyComestoSchoolsABCNews:ParentswhowanttopickuptheiikidsatschoolinoneNewJerseydistricibwcansubmittoi虹s膜)scans,asthetechnologythathelpskeepournationsairportsandhotelssafebemakeitswayfurtherintoAmericanlives.Whenpickingupachildtheadultprovidesadriverlicenseandthensubmitstceyescan.Iftheirisimageca

23、merarecognizeshisorheeyes,thedoorclicksopen.TheFreeholdBoroughSchoolDistrictlaunchedthishigh-techsecuritysystemonMondaywithfundingfromtheDepartmentofJusticeaspartofastudyonthesystemseffectivene，anWhenpickingupachildtheadultprovidesadriverlicenseandthensubmitstceyescan.Iftheirisimagecamerarecognizesh

24、isorheeyes,thedoorclicksopen.Asmanyasfouradultscanbeauthorizedtopickupeachchildinthedistrict,butinordertobeauthorizedtocomeintosch(rtheywillbeaskedtoregistewiththedistrictirssrecognitionsecuritymdvisitomanagementsystem.Atthispoint,theNewJerseyprogramisnotamust.Ifsomeonetriestoslipinbehindanauthorize

25、dperson,thesystemcausesanalarmandredflaslightsinthefrontoffice.Theentireprocesstakesjustseconds.ThiskindoftechnologyisalreadyatworkinairportsaroundthecountrylikeOrlandoInternatiAirport,wheretheprogramhasbeeninoperationsinceJuly.Ithas12,000subscriberswhopay$79.9theconvenienceofsubmittingtoirisscansra

26、therthangoingthroughlengthysecuritychecks.Anirisscanissaidtobemoreaccuratethanafingerprintbecauseitrecords40?uniquedetailmorethantheseventotwentyfourietailthatareanalyzedinfingerprintThechancesofbeingmisidentifiedbyanirisscanareaboutonein1.2millionandjustonein1.44trillionifyouscanPhilMeara,theFreeho

27、ldDistrictofficial,saidthatalthoughitwasexpensive,theprogramwouschoolsacrossthecountrymoveintoanewfrontieimchildprotection.“Thidsallpartofalargeremphasis,hereinNewJersey,onschoolsafety,”hesaedth“Wechholbecausewewerelookingforatypicalslightlyurbanschooltolaunchthesystem.”Mearaappliedfora$369,000grant

28、onbehalfoftheschooldistrictandhadtheeyescannersinsintwogrammarschoolsandonemiddleschool.Sofar,300ofthenearly1,500individualsavailableupastudentfromschoolhaveregisteredfortheeyescansystem.WhydoestheFreeholdBoroughSchoolDistrictadopttheeyescansecuritysystem?Toensuretheschoolsafetyandefficiencyofpickin

29、gupchildren.ToencouragemorestudentstoregisterinNewJerseyurbanschools.Totesttheeffectivenessofschoolsecurityandmanagementsystem.Tocollecttheinformationofthechildrenandtheirbelovedparents.Whatmakestheeyesansystemmoreaccuratethanthefingerprintsystem?Processingthedataoftheauthorizedpeoplefaster.Identify

30、ingthedataoftheadultstopickupchildren.Submittingthedataoftheauthorizedpeopleconveniently.Providingfarmoreuniquedetailsoftheauthorizedones.HowdoesPhilMearahelptoprotectthesafetyofchildren?Byaskingpeopletoregisterwiththesecuritysystem.Byapplyingforgranttoinstalleyescannersinschools.Byaskingthedepartme

31、ntofjusticetofundthisprogram.ByturningtoOrlandoInternationalAirportforhelp.Theeyescansystemcanbebestdescribedas.safeandcheapB.portableandusefulC.smartandaccurateD.popularandhelpfulSeniorManagerMajorGiftFundraising&SpecialProjectsBlindVeteransUKisthenationalcharityhelpingblindex-servicemenandwomenlea

32、dindependeiandfulfillinglives.Weofferblindveteransaccesstothehighestqualityofservicestohelptheilifebeyondsightloss.WehaveanexcitingopportunityforaninnovativeandresourcefulindividualourPartnershipsteambasedatourheadquartersinLondon.TheteamfocusesonsecuringdonationsfrHNWIs,TrustsandCompanies.Thisrolef

33、ocusesonsecuringsupportfromHNWIs.Thespecialprojectsaspectoftherolerelatetoannualactivitithatofferanopportunityodeveloprelationshiwsththetargetaudience.46,00046,000PermanentPermanentLondonClosingdatefs11:59PMon19March2018Wearelookingforanexperiencedindividualwithasoundtrackrecordinthefollowingareas:I

34、dentifyingprospectswiththecapacityandtendencytosupportDevelopingandimplementingcultivationandmarketingstrategiesManagingadocumentofcurrentaswellasprospectivemajordonorsPlanninganddrivingpeertopeerfundraisingOrganizingpromotioneventsDeliveringagainstapersonaltargetandteamtargetsThesuccessfulCandidate

35、willalsohavesomepeoplemanagementexperienceandanexpertinmajorgiftfundraisingprocesseswillbeconsideredaspriority.Inreturnforyourtalent,weoffercompetitiveconditionsofserviceandaconduciveenvironmeiapply,pleasesendyouruptodateCVandSupportingStatementofnotmorethan500wordstoRecruitment.Ldn.cuktliningiowyou

36、rskillsandexperiencemeetthepersonspecification.Interviewdate:Weekstartingfrom26March2018PleasenoteonlyapplicantswhosubmitaCVwithasupportingstatementwillbeconsidered.Duetothehighnumberofenquiriesindapplicationsereceiveforourvacancieswedontacknowledgeeachone-ifyouhaventheardfromuswithinaweekoftheclosi

37、ngdate,pleaseassumewewontbeinvitingyouforaninterview.Youare,ofcourse,welcometotryagainifasuitableup.Weareunabletoprovidefeedbacktocandidatesnotshortlistedforinterview.Thepassageismainlywrittento.invitepeopletojointhefundraisingB.eveneJstherightpersontobeSeniorManagerC.informtheblindveteransofmoneyse

38、D.victtracttheinterestofpotentialdonorsAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?Theapplicationfailsifoneisntinformedbefore26March.Theapplicationshouldincludealengthypersonalstatement.Alltheapplicantswillreceiveaninvitationbeforeinterview.Theapplicantsshouldsendhisapplicationwhenheisf

39、ree.Whatexperienceismostlikelytohelpacandidatestandout?A.Peoplemanagementexperience.B.Annulactivitiesexperience.C.Peertopeerfundraisingexperience.D.Large-scalefundraisingexperience.(C)Asbusinessesandgovernmentshavestruggledtounderstandtheso-caldoirnlbertwfeansroughly1980and2000一onefrequentconclusior

40、hasbeenthattheyhaveauniqueloveofcitiesAdeep-seatepreferencfornightifemdsubways,thethinkingoes,hasdriveitheprosperitofurbancoresacrosstheU.S.overthelastdecade-plus.Buttheremountingevidencethatmillennialsloveofcitiewasonlyapassingfling放纵).Millennialsdontlovecitiesanymorethanpreviousgenerations.Thelate

41、stargumentcomesfromDowellMyers,anurbanplanningprofessoratUSC.Astheyage,saMyers,millennialspresenceincities,will“beevaporatingthroughourfingers,ifwedontmaplansnow.”Thatsbecausemillennialspreferenceforcitieswillffmdeiasahdybecamemoreestablishedintheircareers.Itaboutmorethanaging,though.DemographerWill

42、iamFreyhasbeenarguingforyearsthatmillennialshavebecomestuckincitiesbythe2008downturnandthefollowingslowrecovery,w:jobprospectsanddecliningwagesmakingitharderforthemtoaffordtobuyhomesinsuburbia.Myers,too,saysobservershavedonfmgpeoplespresenceincitieswithapreferenceforcitieSurveydatashowsthatmoremille

43、nnialswouldliketobelivinginthesuburbsthanactuallyare.Bunormalcareerandfamilycyclesmovingyoungpeoplefromcitiesintosuburbanhouseshavebecome,iiMyerswordsapluggedupdrai”Butunemploymenthasfinallyreturnedtohealthylows(thoughparticipationratesandwagesarelargelydepressing),whichMyerssaysshouldfinallyincreas

44、emobilityformillennials.Othertrendsamongmillennials,supposedlymattersoflifestylepreference,havealreadyturnedhavebeendrivenmostlybyeconomics.Whatwasonceconsideredtheirbroadpreferenceforpublictramayhavealwaysbeenanow-reversinginabilitytoaffordcars.Evendecades-longtrendstowardsmarrlaterhavebeenstressed

45、astodaysyoungpeoplestruggleforfinancialstability.Investorarealreadytakingtheideathatmillennialwillreturntooldbehaviorpatternseriously,puttingnoremoneyintoautomanufactureranddevelopersButurbanlifestyleuptoandincludingtrendybars,arentjustmodern一theyreapartofwhatpowersacityseconomicengines,bringintoget

46、hertoexplorenewideas,createcompanies,andbuildcareers.Fromthe1960stothe1990s,wesawthatsuburbanizatioalsomeansaneconomicandsocialhollowingoutforcities.Nowthattheeconomicrestrictionsarecomingofftodaysyoungcityres:citiesthatwanttostayvibranthavetofigureouthowtocoauvdntleethegirowingfamiesstickaround.Ove

47、rthelastdecade,whatisthoughttohaveensuredtheprosperityofthecity?A.Fasteconomicdevelopment.B.Around-the-clockclubservices.C.Convenientpublictransport.D.Well-establishedcareers.WhyareMillennialsabouttoleavecity?Itistooexpensiveforthemtobuyapartmentincities.Theyfinditdifficultfortoseekagoodjobincities.

48、Itiseasiertogetmarriedmovingtothesuburban.Theyaremoreconfidentwiththeireconomicsituation.WhatdoestheauthormeanquotingMyarplug“dupdrinCpara5)?Millennialsarereluctanttoleaveattractivecities.Millennialsarestoppedfrommovingtothesuburbs.Millennialsareunwillingtobecutofffromthesuburban.Millennialsareafrai

49、dofanothereconomicdecline.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesuburbanization?A.signofstablefinance.B.Agrowthofhealthissues.C.Aconflictofnewideas.D.Alossofmodernlife.sportsandtheaontrolledtrade.re.rtheearth.counts.SectionCsportsandtheaontrolledtrade.re.rtheearth.counts.Someexpertsthinkthatthewealthgainedfro

50、mtradeallowedforsuchleisureinExpertsbelievethatakingandmostlyafemalepriestruledthegovernmentandcInancientGreekmyths,Minoansocietywasquiteprosperousandhighlycivilized.ThepalacethatEvansunearthedacenturyagowasthefirstproofofMinoancultuMinoanculturedidntexistbeforeuntilArthurEvansdiscoveredthepalaceund

51、eAlthoughnotyetdecoded,writtenscriptonclaytabletsappearstolisttradeacTheMinoans:AForgottenPeopleThefirsadvancedcultureinancientGreecewastheMinoancultureForthousandsofyears,knowledgeofthesepeoplesurvivedonlyinGreekmyths.Inttteenfcatry,lrchaeologistsbegantounearthruins.ThisinspiredArthurEvanstobegindi

52、ggingontheislandofCretenearmainlandGreeadiginKbossos,Evansfoundanancien!palace.ExpertsthinkthatitwasthepalacofKingMinos,acentralfigureinmanyGreekmyths.67Withhisteam,heuncoveredavaststructure,variedworksofart,andmanyhieroglyjrecords,Thesefinds,togetherwithlaterfinds,compriseallthatexpertsknowaboutMin

53、oancultureFromtheevidenceexpertsgathered,itisclearthattheMinoanswereaheadoftheirtime.TheKnossoswasfivefloorshighwithhundredsofrooms.BuildingsthroughouttheancientcityhadplumlandflushtoiletS.tonepavementlinedthesurfaces)ftheroads.InadditiontheMinoanspossessedahighlydevelopednavalfleetforlongdistancetr

54、ade.68Theserecordsconfirmthecentralofcommerceinculture.ExpertanalysisoftheevidencealsooffersinsightintosomeaspectsofMinoansociety.69_RuinsandartworksuggestthatpeopleofallclassesenjoyedahighdegreeofsocialandgenderequaReligiousiconsshowthatMinoansworshipedbulls,thenaturalworld,andmanyfemalegods.Anunus

55、ualfeatureofMinoansculturewasthepursuitofleisureinterests.SportandvisualarcentraioMinoanlifeBoxingandbulljumping,asportinwhichplayersjumpedoverlivebullswerepopularAlthoughbulljumpingmayhaveservedsomerituajburpose,expertsbelievethatitwasdonemostlyforfun.Similarly,althoughsomeworksofartshowedpolitical

56、andreligiousthemes,otherwservedonlyaspleasantr装饰品).70TheMinoansmettheirdemiseafteraseriesofnaturaldisasters.Expertsbelievethatgroupfr(Greekmainlandcapitalizedontheseeventsandlookedovertheisland.SummaryWritingTheConflictoftheOrdersThetypesofpeoplewhoservedasofficiaisitheRomangovernmentchangedovertime

57、.Thesechangesstemmedfromtheattemptsofcommonpeopletomorerights.ThestrugglesbecameknownastheConflictoftheOrders.IntheearlyrepublicRomansweredividedintotwoclasses)fpeople:patricianandplebeians.Patricianswerepowerfullandownerswhocontrolledthegovernment.Asnobles,theyinheritedtheirpPlebeianswhomadeupmosto

58、fthepopulationweremainlyfarmersandworkers.Formanyyears,plebeian由adfewrights.heycouldvote,buttheywerebarredfromholdingmostpublicoffices.PlebeianscouldnotevenknowRomanlawsbecauselawswerenotwrittendown.Incourt,ajudgestateandappliedthelaw,butonlypatriciansservedasjudges.Overtime,plebeiansincreasedtheirp

59、owerthroughdemandandstrikes.Theygainedtherighttothearmy,holdgovernmentofficeformtheiiownassembly,andelectleadersInoneoftheiigreatestvictories,theyforcedthegovernmenttowritedownthelawsoftheRomanRepublic.Inabout450,B.theRomansengravedtheirlawsontabletscalledtheTwelveTables.ThelawswereplacedintheForithechiefpublicsquare,foralltoview.Thefirstplebeianswereappointedtothegovernmentinthelate400sB.C.After342B.C.,aplealwaysheldoneoftheconsulpos