中职英语语法分词作状语讲解课件

1、分 词 有关 用 法现在分词与过去分词区别：区别现在分词 ( )过去分词 ( )主动、正在进行被动、已经完成a film 动人的电影 a mother 受感动的妈妈(主动)(被动)a leaf 一片飘落的树叶a leaf 一片落叶 (正在进行)(已经完成)movingmoved1.move2. fallfalling fallen她现在好累.这工作累人.She is very .The work is .tiredtiring这就是那只吓人的老虎.这就是受了惊吓的女孩. （ frighten）This is the tiger.This is the girl.frighteningfrigh

2、tened Can you translate? spoken English ；( ) iced beer ( )；cooked food ( ); fried chips ( );一、动词-ed形式作定语 表示何种意义?英语口语冰冻啤酒熟食炸土豆条Think about:前置的过去分词作用相当于?形容词被动与完成 但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。 1. The tall man is a returned student 高个子

3、的那个人是个归国留学生。 2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。zxxk (1)前置定语 单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。 The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。 (=the people who were excited) Lost time can never be found again 虚度的时光, 无法挽回。 (=time which is lost) (2)后置定语 单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。

4、1. Everything used should be marked 所有用过的东西应该做好标记。 2. Among the people invited were some ladies 被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students 剩下的书是给我的学生的。 动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight) 2. Th

5、e meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 高考题2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language

6、came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower th

7、an prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buyingzxxk 5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。When we

8、 heard of it, we were deeply moved当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。 二、动词-ed形式作表语 常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)； astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)； experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的)； lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)； disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)； interested

9、(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)； surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等 作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 Cleaning women in big cities usually get

10、 _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay2) As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed高考题3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 过去分词作宾补I fou

11、nd our school changed a lot.I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.动作已经完成。被动.红色字体作什么语法成分？.表示？.表示？三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语 1.表“希望，要求”的动词以如下结构出现： want, wish, expect, like, orderOur headteacher ordered the classroom clean.2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see, hear, feel watch, notice, findWe heard Class6 praise(表扬) by the headmaste

12、r yesterday.People found the water in Oujiang River polluting.I want the homework hand by Friday.下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。handedcleanedpraisedpolluted+sth. donesth (to be) done3.使役动词make, get, have, keep +sth. doneI want to get my cell phone to repair tomorrow.4.介词短语作宾补 with, without + sth. done.Do

13、you know the teacher with his hair cutting short?They left without their homework finish.finishedcutrepaired1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed高考题2) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machi

14、ne she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repairedSummary:分词作前置定语相当于形容词,作后置定语可变为定语从句.作表语表示主语的状态或思想感情.作宾补分四类:1):感觉和心理状态 2)使役动词3)表示希望、要求、命 令等动词4) “with+宾语+宾补”过去分词做状语Warming up What clauses do you know?1.When it rains, Ill go to school by bus.时间状语从句2.As the day was fi

15、ne, they decided to go on a trip.原因状语从句3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along?条件 状 语从句4.Although they did heavy work that day, they were all in high spirits.让步状 语从句 A.现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teache

16、r, the students stood up. *现在分词动作的发出者是( )句子主语2018613 1.2.After they had finished their homework, they went home.Having finished their homework, they went home.2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.Being ill, he couldnt go to school.*现在分词短语 作原因状语3.If you work harder at English, you will make

17、greater progress.Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.*现在分词短语 作条件状语4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.*Feeling very tired, they kept running. 现在分词短语 作让步状语5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句)*The children came into the classroom

18、, laughing and talking. *现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并说明其功能B.过去分词作状语学与练1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.*Asked why she did it, she began to cry.*从句的动词用的是被动语态2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the

19、 poor boy. *Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语3.If I am given more time, Ill catch up with you.*Given more time, Ill catch up with you.*过去分词短语作条件状语4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight.*Defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Alth

20、ough defeated many times, they continued to fight.*过去分词短语作让步状语*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词前可加上适当连词*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦”) =Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.*When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.六.分词短语作状语须注意的问题:练习

21、: 判断正误并改正1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.() *现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出2.Seen from the top of the hill, we can see Binggu Town.()*Seen from the top of the hill, Binggu Town can be seen clearly.*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受5.The teacher came into the classroom, following by six students. ()The

22、 teacher came into the classroom, followed by six students. *过去分词的动作由主语承受,而现在分词的动作有主语发出.6.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.()=Although he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. When the earth is seen from space, the eart

23、h looks blue.二、探究与体验： 请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。表示原因表示伴随情况表示让步Deeply moved, the children began to cry.As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.She walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the

24、enemy, he refused to let out the secret.Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.Observe1. Seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. 2. Moved by the film, he started crying.3. Heated, water changes into steam.4. Defeated again, he didnt lose heart. 5. The professor went into