(非)限制性定语从句-巩固提升-

1、(非)限制性定语从句-巩固提升-(3)(非)限制性定语从句-巩固提升-(3)一、定语从句的定义： 用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形容词的作用。eg: 1. Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning? 2.The day is not far off when we will make a trip to Britain.定语从句归纳总结一、定语从句的定义：定语从句归纳总结二、关系代词和关系副词的作

2、用：1、充当成分2、替代作用3、连接作用eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This is the house where he was born. 3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：三、关系副词when, where, why的用法 关系副词与介词+关系代词的转换When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for +which 1.Do you s

3、till remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory where(in which)my father once worked. 3.This is the reason why(for which) he was late.三、关系副词when, where, why的用法 1. Look at the girl _ is singing so beautifully.2. Do you know the woman to _ our teacher i

4、s talking?3. Jim is the boy _ hat is red.4. He gave me a pen _ he bought last week.5. Mary has read all the books _ I lent her.who/thatwhomwhosethat / whichthat 关系代词在定语从句中代替先行词 做主语、宾语、表语或定语。先行词做主 宾表, 是人时用 _, _ 或 _； 是物时用 _ 或 _。先行词作定 语, 表示“ 的”时, 用 _。 who whom that which that whose1. Look at the girl _

5、 6. Is it the reason _ you were late?7. October 1st is the date _ China celebrates its National Day.8. We walked in a garden _ many trees and flowers had been planted.9. This is the island _ I lived for two years.10. 2001-2005 are the years _ I studied in the university.whywhenwherewherewhen 关系副词在定语

6、从句中代替先行 词做状语。先行词作原因状语时用 _；作地点状语时用 _； 作时间状语时, 用 _。whywherewhen6. Is it the reason _ you 11. He is the man _ _ you can believe.12. He gave me some books _ _ I am not very familiar. 13. This is the reason _ _ he was late. 14. I will never go to the restaurant again _ _ I was treated badly.15. 2008 is t

7、he year _ _ the Olympic Games were held in Beijing.in whomwith whichfor whichat whichin which “介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句时, 介词的选择要看与定语从句中_, _的搭配, 以及与_的搭配。 介词后的关系代词只能是_ 或_先行词动词形容词whomwhich11. He is the man _ _ you(非)限制性定语从句-巩固提升-(3)* 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写

8、时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如：a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there? 站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b) Toronto is a city (that) I ve always wanted to visit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。* 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1限制性定语从句是先2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关

9、系词不可省略。如：a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London. 昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些限制性定语从句和非限制性定

10、语从句的区别不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开。用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开。 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别不用逗号“ ，”与通常译成主句的并列句译成先行词的定语：“的 ” 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别4. 不用why, 只用 for which 通常译成主句的并列句译成先行词的定语：“的 ” 限制性定一、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 引导。1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天

11、买的。 2. I like the book which/that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。 一、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that二、在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关 系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。 2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. 这本书会给你提供所有

12、你需要的资料， 它在任何一家书店都能买到。 (非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语，无论指人还是指物都不能省略。) 二、在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关三、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导, 要用for which代替why。1. I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有 去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why/for which I didnt attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。 (限制性定语从

13、句“the reason why.”是常见搭配。) 三、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,四.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which/as引导。eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。John said hed been work

14、ing in the office for an hour,_ was true.which四.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短1.He missed the show, which was a great pity.2.He invited me to dinner, which made me happy.3.As everyone knows, China is a country with a long history. 正如大家所知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。4.She is a teacher, as is clear from her manner.她

15、是位教师，这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。A.非限制性定从中 which/as可指整个主句的意思；但as引导的定从可位于句首或句中，which却不可以位于句首；B. which/as可指整个主句，常翻译成“这件事”， as还可有“正如”的意思； C. as位于句中时后的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。1.He missed the show, which waD. 若定从的先行词有the same, such或被其修饰则用as；e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they starte

16、d. Such books as you bought are useful. There are such good books that I like them very much. E. 另如：as is known to all, as you know (suchthat是状从)D. 若定从的先行词有the same, such或被(su PracticeAlice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.2. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was mo

17、re than we could expect. 3. _ is expected, the England team won the football match.Aswhich/aswhich PracticeAlice received an inv4. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.5. _ we can see, the smoke came from the little dustbin.whichAsNow lets do some exercie!4. It rained hard

18、 yesterday, _ By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that By serving others, a perso Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒) him. (

19、2014天津) A. who B. that C. what D. which Helen was much kinder to he Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which Carol said the work would be在 all/ some/ one/ both/ neither/ none/ any/ either/ any of which / whom。1. I am doing different

20、 types of exercises, all of _are quite helpful to my health.2. Many people, some of _are not overweight, are going on diets.3. There are 54 students in my class, three of _come from US.介词 + 关系代词whichwhomwhom在 all/ some/ one/ both/ neithe Last week，only two people came to look at the house， _ wanted

21、to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom Last week，only two people The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that The factory produces half a It is reported that two schools, _ a

22、re being built in my hometown，will open next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which It is reported that two schoThe English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. (2014全国 改编) A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which高考链接The English play

23、 _ my sThere were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that高考链接There were dirty marks on her I have many friends, some _ are businessmen. A. A. why B. from which C. who of D. of whom 高考链接 I have many friends, some _ Great changes have taken place in tha

24、t school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. when B. which C. what D. that 高考链接 Great changes have taken pla Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. （2015浙江） A. which B. that C. this D. it高考链接 Jim passed the driving test,1. Yesterday M

25、r. Li finally bought his own house, _ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that 2. My brothers purse, _ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus. A. there B. which C. in which D. that 单选1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bo3. The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful. A. in which B. which C. in that D. that4. The reason _ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.