英语句子成分讲解新市公开课获奖课件

1、英语句子成份解说第1页第1页句子成份定义：构成句子各个部分叫做句子成份。句子成份有主要成份和次要成分；主要成份有主语和谓语；次要成份有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语第2页第2页一、主语（subject）:句子阐明人或事物。表示所说“是谁”或“是什么”。The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a

2、book. (主语从句)The sunHe Twenty yearsSeeingTo seeWhat he needs第3页第3页指出下列句中主语. The teacher is walking into the classroom with two of his students. _ There is an old man coming here. _ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. _ To do todays homework without the teachers help is very diffic

3、ult. _ The teacheran old manThe useful dictionaryTo do todays homework without the teachers help第4页第4页二、谓语（predicate）:阐明主语动作、状态和特性:阐明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。 We study English.Wearestudents. The boy keeps talking .The dog is dead .studyarekeepsis第5页第5页选出句中谓语. I dont like the picture on the wall._ The day

4、s get longer and longer when summer comes._ Do you usually go to school by bus? _ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon._ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?_dont likegetgowill behave第6页第6页 Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. _ What I want to tell you is this. _ We had

5、better send for a doctor._ He is interested in music. _ Whom did you give my book to?_didnt doissend isgive第7页第7页三、表语（predicative）:系动词之后成份，表示主语性质、状态和特性,阐明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样” 。常见系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝、吃来),remain(保持，仍是) feel(感觉) , get, become, turnHe is a teacher. It

6、sounds interesting.Tom looks thin.The food tastes good.The food smells delicious.The door remains open.Now I feel tired.a teacherinterestingthingooddeliciousopentired第8页第8页挑出下列句中表语1 The old man was feeling very tired. 2 The leaves have turned yellow.3 Soon They all became interested in the subject4

7、She was the first to learn about it. 主语谓语表语主语谓语主语主语表语谓语谓语表语表语第9页第9页四、宾语：宾语是动作、行为对象，在句中主要充当动作承受者，在谓语之后（普通皆置于及物动词和介词之后），Theywenttoseeanexhibition yesterday.Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime. Hepretendednottoseeme. Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.Ithink（that）itisfitforhisoffice.an exhibitio

8、nmenot to see melistening to popular musicit is fit for his office第10页第10页 双宾语间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.Pass me the ruler, please !He told Tom the news yesterday .mea bookthe poor mansome moneymethe rulerTom the news第11页第11页挑出下列句中宾语 My brother hasnt done

9、his homework._ People all over the world speak English._ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation._ How many new words did you learn last class?_ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?_ his homeworkEnglish.your pronunciationnew wordsto go swimming第12页第12页 The

10、 old man said he was ill._ They made him monitor of the class._ Go on and you will find the museum on the left._ You will find it useful after you leave school._ They didnt know who Father Christmas really is._he was ill.himthe museum it who Father Christmas really is.第13页第13页五。宾语补足语（宾补） 用来对宾语进行补充和阐

11、明成份.We call him monkey .I find the book interesting .The teacher asked him to clean the classroom after school .He saw some boys playing football in the park .Her mother kept her in the room .定语 定语是用来阐明名词（代词）品质与特性词或一组词。定语是用来修饰名词或代词。monkeyinterestingto clean the classroom after school .playing footba

12、llin the room第14页第14页1.HisfathernamedhimDongming.2.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.3He asked her to take the boy out of school. 4.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomclean.5.Henoticedamanenteringtheroom.Dongmingwhiteto take the boy out of schoolcleanenteringtheroom.第15页第15页六。定语修饰名词或代词词、短语或从句称为定语。 1.Guilinisabeau

13、tiful city. 2. Chinaisadevelopingcountry.3.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom. 4.The bike under the tree is mine .5.The book that I am reading is very interesting .beautifuldevelopingtoentertheclassroom. under the tree I am reading第16页第16页1.TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname. 2. There are fo

14、rty students in our class . 3. Themandownstairswastryingtosleep .4.He was the last to leave the room .5.Do you know the girl with long hair ?familyforty ourdownstairsto leave the roomwith long hair第17页第17页6.The boys playing football are in Class2.7.The trees planted last year are growing well now.8.

15、I have an idea to do it well. (不定式)You should do everything that I do. playing footballplanted last yearto do it wellthat I dot第18页第18页七、状语：用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词, 或 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。I will go there tomorrow.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.The meat went bad because of the hot we

16、ather.He studies hard to learn English well.第19页第19页He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam.I like some of you very much.If you study hard, you will pass exam.He goes to school by bike.Though he is young, he can do it well.第20页第20页 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard th

17、e noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.on her faceEvery nightwhen he was eleven.too fast.第21页第21页 With the medicine box under her arm, Miss li hurried off . She loves the library because she loves books I am afraid that if you

18、ve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed uncle wang to see the other machine With the medicine box under her armbecause she loves books if youve lost itto see the other machine 第22页第22页1.He is running.2. I have seen the movie.3. The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.4.She seemed angry.5. My father bought me a beautiful present.主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语宾语间接宾语直接宾语主语谓语表语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语第23页第23页6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？ 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补7.Will you tell us an exciting stor