烧烫伤的程度划分-中英文

1、烧烫伤的程度划分I度烧烫伤红斑性烧伤：伤及皮肤表皮，表现为受伤处皮肤轻度红、肿、热、痛，感觉过敏，无水泡 ；3-7天愈合，不留瘢痕。二、1浅II度烧烫伤水疱性烧伤：伤及真皮乳头层，水疱较大，疱壁厚，基地潮湿，表现为受伤处皮肤 疼痛剧烈、感觉过敏，有水泡 ；水泡拨离后可见创面均匀发红、潮湿、水肿明显；2周愈合，不留瘢痕，可有色素沉着。2.深II度烧烫伤：伤及真皮深层，创面水疱较小、疱壁厚，去皮后基地红白相间，可见网状血管栓塞。表现为受伤皮肤痛觉较迟钝，可有或无水泡，基底苍白，间有红色斑点；拔毛时可感觉疼痛；3-4周痊愈，留有瘢痕。三、III度烧烫伤焦痂性烧伤：伤及皮肤全层，达肌肉或骨骼层，皮肤感

2、觉消失，无弹性，干燥，无水泡， 蜡白、焦黄或碳化；拔毛时无疼痛。严重的烧伤不仅损伤皮肤，还可深达肌肉、骨骼甚至引起全身变化如休克感 染等。愈合慢，愈合后疤痕增生。Burn ClassificationNote: The list below shows 4 burn degrees. While most of the public does not recognize the 4 th degree, it is the correct term. The table below, with 3 degrees, is also correct. Both are acceptable.De

3、termining burn depth is important. Things to consider are temperature, mechanism, duration of contact, blood flow to skin, and anatomic location. Epidermal depth varies with body surface, which can offer varying degrees of thermal protection. Older adults and young children also have thinner skin.Fi

4、rst degree:Includes only the outer layer of skin, the epidermisSkin is usually red and very painfulEquivalent to superficial sunburn without blistersDry in appearanceHealing occurs in 3-5 days, injured epithelium peels away from the healthy skinHospitalization is for pain control and maybe fluid imb

5、alanceSecond degree: Can be classified as partial or full thickness.Partial thicknessBlisters can be presentInvolve the entire epidermis and upper layers of the dermisWound will be pink, red in color, painful and wet appearingWound will blanch when pressure is appliedShould heal in several weeks (10

6、-21 days) without grafting , scarring is usually minimalFull thicknessCan be red or white in appearance, but will appear dry.Involves the destruction of the entire epidermis and most of the dermisSensation can be present, but diminishedBlanching is sluggish or absentFull thickness will most likely n

7、eed excision & skin grafting to healThird degree:All layers of the skin are destroyedExtends into the subcutaneous tissuesAreas can appear, black or white and will be dryCan appear leathery in textureWill not blanch when pressure is appliedNo painFouth degree: Full thickness that extends into muscle

8、 and bone.FirstSecond(Superficial or Deep)Third (Full Thickness)Depth now deep the turn国EpitheliumEpithelium ana top aspects of 1tie dermisEpithelium and dermisHow the wound looksNo blisters：; dry pinkMoist oozing blisters: Moist, white, pink to redLeather/. Cry, ro elasticity: ciianed appearanceCau

9、sesSuntjum, scald, flasti flameScalds, flash bums, chemicalsContact with flame, h ot surface, hot liqu ids. chemical, electricLevel of Pain (sensationPainful, tender, and soreVery painfulVery little pain, or no painHealing TimeTwa to five days; peelingSuperficial: five to 21 days.Dsp: 21T5 daysSmall

10、 are3s matake months 1aheal; large reas ne&d grafting.ScarringNo scarri ns: ma-y have discolorationMinimal to no scarring; may have discolorationScarring present2nd 口少白&Bun1st。电旭电Purn3rd 2nd 口少白&Bun1st。电旭电Purn3rd 白色曰 PurrAnatomy of Skin:The Skin-EpidermisNerve -Dermis-Subcutaneous TissueCapillariesS

11、weat GlandSweat GlandMuscle Fat, Collagen, Fibroblasts一“，汗腺导管汗孔立毛肌脂肪细胞ThermalChemical匚 IcctricEjIKadiolcq calTypes of Bum InjuryFldsh - Exp a$ians ofnEuial gas, propai巳 gas口inw dndcthr namnd&ie I quids lit&nse fwmtfu a tar； brif DariDd of time. Clothing is prst&ctiw u，l二匕 itname - Exposure to proior

12、cecjncense neat House Tres, improper use otfiammaoie liquids, auiomobie ccicenls, ignited c-othinc from st jves7heaters.Scalds - Scrns caused b. htliqu ds. V.aler, cil. areaEe.tsr. oil. Water atVO dearees F, creales a deep burn in 3nutt 156 dtgre&E Fwill cusettiesame injur) in 1 second 冶 16D de5rjnt

13、 brfw#d) CiirLiTifpraitiql hurn4 9rkiiIH rwi需。Euspicinn ofnon-Arciriemtaltrauma Tar nseds to b removed emgrwman acnesive render solution or petroi&um 口aseowessingsContact - Rosclitan hoimotals. pin二tics. gla;e of coals. Can bo vciy doop.Caused by strono adds or alkali substances They contnueto cause

14、 damaoe urtllthe agent Is inactvdtcd. /MKal sjtsancss usuall) cauoE more severs injury since they eact will the I pid5 in tie ski i.Caused by either AC crDS Rirant Curre nt follows tht path Df least r* $ istwn 匚 9 and causes injury in are 弱 omertnan re contaa/enuy site Tne csnnot :ejuatjedircmtne ex

15、tnaiinpjryaiore. Hi;n 也常gm 1,000 volt&. law vcliage 1,000 t/otta and lightening. Eiectfiul ourrs arc ihirmal ourna from wry high 旭atCdJted Dy dlJlid tkild orgdi nn araJidLciii. Tne. nidy need 幻 nave soirie Lpe of Ue urn Lairiindliun da 11 etc Mop Tie injjr；.烧伤的致伤原因1,热力热水、蒸汽、火焰2,化学物质强酸、强碱3,电4,放射线烧伤的病

16、理生理分期8h到达高峰，48h开始回吸收，此期易发生低容量1,休克期：伤后48-72h8h到达高峰，48h开始回吸收，此期易发生低容量2,感染期：72h后-皮肤生理屏障被破坏。创面、渗液黎宇细菌生长繁殖，产生毒素。感染烧伤创面脓毒症。3,修复期：伤后5-8天开始-I度烧伤，3-7天自行修复。浅II度烧伤，2周愈合，有色素沉着。深II度烧伤,3-4周愈合，留有瘢痕。III度烧伤，靠皮肤移植修复，留有瘢痕，影响功能。临床表现和诊断1,烧伤面积：手掌法：伤员本人五指并拢的手掌面积为体表总面积的1%,五指自然分开的手掌面积为1.25%,适用于小面积烧伤的评估。2,九分法:新九分法标准断面税儿童直税发邰3%头商面部3骄lx戒=9%g%T12-总捌哧苗部3%即上臂8两上腕双前背弓%2xg=|8%18%覆于1%里干前面口%航肥需面无3此9沦2T克21%k m1/6双臂3%双大龌21*两下腋双卜腱】3艇门。兆41%=4日旺4日加-12-羊群双球足7%汰L至因/那面烟相叶枝上1而下触邛时机小，成根盛年小讨辖烧伤的严重程度：根据烧伤深度与面积判断轻度烧伤：n 0面积9%中度烧伤：II 面