2022-2023学年高二英语同步备课Unit1 People of Achievement Reading and thinking练习解析版

1、1.1 Reading and Thinking基础知识自测I .单词拼写1 .Artemisinin is a c treatment for malaria.答案：crucial2.In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the o of discovering anew treatment for malaria.答案：objective.Tu Youyous team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and e 280,000 plants for the

2、ir medical properties.答案：evaluated.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she found a s that worked.答案：substance.The team members even i on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.答案:insisted.Every man in this village is now c to defend their country.答案：committed.

3、While working there,out of a strong p for knowledge,he continued to study.答案：passionn fact,Einstein often e people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.答案：encountered.Apart from his r achievements,what does the passage tell us about Einsteins life? 答案：remarkable.Will y

4、ou please s up the main idea of the article?答案:sum.单句语法填空l.Mei Lanfang played a key role bringing Beijing Opera to the world.3.设空承接上句介绍toxic 一词的来源，故E项“这个词来源于希腊语中的loxikon，意指，箭上的 毒药二符合语境。4根据空前一句According to Oxfords research,we are using toxicto describe everything from chemicals to relationship.”可知,G项

5、“我们常使用这个词来描述深层次的东西，但通常是无伤大 雅的”符合语境。5根据空前引用诗人鲁米的话“话要说的更有道理，而不是提高音量。毕竟是雨水滋润花朵生长, 而不是雷鸣”可知，作者鼓励我们提高所用文字的力量，故D项“当我们的文字有力量时会有好 事发生”，符合语境。答案：in解析：句意:梅兰芳在把京剧带给世界方面起着重要作用。play a key role in在(方面)起重要作用。.He is still (wide)remembered for his skill,his kindness and his deep love for his country.答案：widely解析：句意:他因

6、为他的技巧、他的善良和他对国家深深的爱依旧被人们广泛铭记。修饰动词用副词。.(2019全国卷 I 改编)(嫉妒的)as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinstein9s studies show unpleasant (consequent).答案：consequences解析：句意:虽然酷酷的孩子们似乎让人羡慕，但是Prinstein博士的研究说明了不好的结果。.(2019全国卷 I 改编)The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by (analyze)things like the fo

7、rce of a users typing and the time between key presses. 答案：analyzing解析:句意:通过分析用户打字的力度和敲击按键的间隔时间，该键盘就能给用户提供一道强有力的平安防护。介词后用doingot is indeed an honour for Chinas (science)research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.答案:scientific解析：句意:这对中国的科学研究和中药的传播于世确实是一种荣耀。修饰名词用形容词。.There is nothing

8、we can do to help Linda.Her circumstances are our control. 答案：beyond解析：句意:我们帮不了琳达。她的情况超出了我们的控制。beyond control超出控制。.They found a (medicine)text suggesting using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat malaria.答案:medical 解析：句意:他们找到一篇医学文本建议使用青蒿提取物治疗疟疾。修饰名词用形容词。.The medicine was tested on malaria patie

9、nts,most of recovered.答案：whom 解析：句意:这个药用在疟疾病人身上测试，大局部患者康复了。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词为人且在主句中做宾语，用whom。.According Tu Youyou,the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.according to 根据。答案：to according to 根据。.The result is an interesting story of a man driven to (success)and driven to make perfect products

10、.答案：succeed 解析：句意:结果是关于一个人的有趣的故事，他被驱使着成功，被驱使着创造出完美的产品。不定式符号to后用动词原形。III.翻译句子L家庭基础对孩子的开展至关重要。答案：The family base was crucial to childrens development.你必须成认我们生活在一个开展中的社会。答案：You have to acknowledge that we live in a developing society.显然，没有人注意到这个新的变化。答案：Apparently no one paid attention to the new change

11、.结果，我们不得不给菜浇水。答案：As a consequence,we have to water vegetables.请用一句话总结文章大意。答案 ：Please sum up the main point of the text in one sentence.M课文语法填空Tu Youyou,a committed and patient (science),was born in Ningbo and 2(graduate)from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1967,the Chinese government for

12、med a team with the objective of 3 (discover)a new treatment for malaria and Tu Youyou was among the 4 (one)researchers chosen, 5 the beginning,she went to Hainan to study malaria patients.In 1969,she became the head of the project in Beijing.Tus team tested a 6 (collect)of dried wormwood leaves but

13、 found no effect.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she found a substance7 worked.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted ontesting the medicine on 8 (they)to make sure that it was safe.This 9 (succeed)proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine.lt is indeed 10 honour

14、for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.1.2.3.4. 5. 6.7. 8. 9.10.答案 ：1 .scientist 2.graduated 3.discovering 4.first 5.In 6.collection 7.that/which8.themselves 9.success lO.an解析：1 句意:屠呦呦是一个尽心尽力且有耐心的科学家。scientist科学家。2.1955年发生的事用一般过去时。.介词of后用动名词。.定冠词the后用序数词。.此

15、处为固定短语,in the beginning开始。.冠词后用名词。.定语从句中缺主语，先行词为事物,故用关系代词that/which0.由句意可知，此处用反身代词themselveso.指示代词This后用名词。.此处表泛指，在honour前用ano学科素养提升【.阅读理解（2019 山东济宁高一期考）At seventy-three,Marcia Pollocks father was a man of great independence and pride.The kids called himPoppy”, a name that everybody used.Poppy lived

16、 in his old neighborhood and he had a part-time job at a local（药房）.AfterMarcias mother died,Poppy firmly refused Marcia and Jacks invitation to come and live with them.He was stubborn about not crowding their little house,about not becoming a burden.In fact,he was always helpful.The kids loved him b

17、ecause he listened to them and because he always brought them something.He also brought special gifts to Marcia and J ack,never arriving empty-handed.And so it was with shock and bewilderment （迷惑）that Marcia went to see Poppy in the hospital that summer after he had fallen down in the street.The doc

18、tor said that Poppy had been living on coffee and doughnuts.Later that day,the pharmacist （?lyrp）told Marcia/He has practically no money at all-just the government cheque and what little he makes here. Yet I myself saw him spend most of his last cheque on your little boys bicycle.”She became steen w

19、ith Poppy.Youre fbolish,PoppyJshe said.I have my pride JPoppy answered/Talse pride/5 she（斥责）back at him.During autumn,Poppy didnt come around as often as he had in the past,but when he did,he would still arrive with little gifts in hand.ThenJust before the holidays,Poppy told Marcia that he couldnt

20、visit them at Christmas because he would watch the store,but Marcia knew the shop was not open at Christmas.She felt worried and called Poppy,telling him that he was one of them and that they all loved him.Half an hour before the turkey went on the table on Christmas Day,Poppy came.The kids rushed t

21、o him and gave him more hugs and kisses than he had ever had before.Poppy held out his arms to Marcia,and his hands were empty-yet never had they been more filled.Which is Poppys reason for not living with his daughter? A.He had a part-time job.B.IIe was stubborn sometimes.C.He liked living independ

22、ently.D.He didnt want to become a burden to her.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“He was stubborn about not crowding their little house,about not becoming a burden.（他倔强地不去挤他们的小房子，不想成为他们的负担。）可知,Poppy不 和他女儿生活在一起的原因是他不想成为她的负担，应选D。.Why was Marcia puzzled after hearing the doctors words?A.She didnt know who had knocke

23、d Poppy down.B.She thought Poppy had enough money for living. C. She wondered how to take care of him later.D.She thought the doctor didnt know his living conditions.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“He also brought special gifts to Marcia and Jack,never arriving empty-handed.和第四段中“Later that day,the pharmacist t

24、old Marcia/He has practically no money at all-just the government cheque and what little he makes here.Yet I myself saw him spend most of his last cheque on your little boys bicycle. 可知,Marcia 认为自己的父亲有足 够的钱生活,但当她得知父亲根本没有钱的时候，她很困惑，应选B。.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “stem” in Para

25、graph 5?A .Patient.B. Angry.C.Respectful.D.Afraid.答案：B解析：词义猜想题。根据第五段中“False pride, the hurled back at him.（“错误的骄傲，”她斥责 他。）可知stern表示她对Poppy“很生气二stern意为“生气的patient有耐心的;angry生气 的;respectful尊敬的;afraid害怕的。应选B。.Why does the author say that Poppy9s hands were filled at last?A.Poppy learned that he was love

26、d.B.Poppy had brought enough gifts before.C.Poppy still held his independence and pride.D.Poppy had found reasons for Marcias rudeness.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中She felt worried and called Poppy,telling him that he was one of them and that they all loved him.（她很担忧，给Poppy打了 ，告诉他他是他们中的一员，他 们都爰他。）推断出，作者说Popp

27、y的手最后被占满了是因为Poppy拥抱了女儿而且知道他被 家人爰着，应选AoB（2019辽宁抚顺高一联考）In New York,Ma Yun witnessed the Alibaba Group opening on the New York stock exchange with the largest initial public offering（IPO 首次公开募股）in American history.“Alibaba,the worlds largest Internet commerce company makes China equal to the US in the

28、rapidly increasing global competition for technological innovation 创新）and economictransformation/9 commented the South China Morning Post.It has also made Ma Yun Chinas richest man with a fortune of around $25 billion （153 billion yuan）,reported Reuters.Its reported that Mas rags-to-riches journey i

29、s just as spectacular as his Internet empire.Ma failed the national college entrance exams twice before he was finally in Hangzhou Normal University on his third attempt and failed in finding a suitable job several times. Also,Mr Ma is a big believer in perseverance,which was proved in his English s

30、tudy experience.Howeverjt was his vision and goals that launched his career.During a short trip to the US as an interpreter in 1995,Ma first experienced the Internet.He believed in the Internets business potential when few other Chinese people did.He started Alibaba in his Hangzhou apartment,with 17

31、 friends and $60,000 of funds. At the time,when e-commerce was unheard of in China.I called myself a blind man riding on the back of blind tigers Jhe once said,according to The Guardian.His unusual ideas earned him the nickname “Crazy Jack Ma”.Indeed,Ma is different.Although he is very thin and abou

32、t 160cm tall/Ma is yet animated and fbrceful/said The Guardian .He is funny,creative,and a co 力（弓 | 人）主目的）speaker.”Ma told Time magazine that he was old for the Internet.He started to slow down and looked around. According to The Wall Street JournalAdL plans to open a tai chi club with the actor Jet

33、 Li,build an entrepreneur（）umversity in Hangzhou and continue to work on several environmentalprojects.What made him into e-commerce industry?A.His English learning experience.B.His foresight and ambitions.C.His belief in perseverance.D.His 17 friends and $60,000 of funds.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“However,

34、it was his vision and goals that launched his career.5, 以及第五段内容可推断,是马云的远见卓识使他开始了电子商务的历程。.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?A.Ma is a blind man riding on a blind tiger.B.Ma had no confidence in his business future.C.Ma knew little about e-commerce.D.Ma had not enough money at that

35、 time.答案：C解析：句意理解题。根据画线句子的字面意思以及上文“when e-commerce was unheard of inChina”可推断，马云当时对电子商务几乎不了解。.Whats the personality of Ma Yun according to the passage?A.Funny and competitive.Determined and creative.C.Rich and different.D.Attractive and believable.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容并结合马云的创业经历可知，马云很有决心和毅力，并且很有创造性

36、。.Whats the best title of the passage?A.The Development of Alibaba GroupB.Ma Yuns Personal LifeC.Ma Yuns Crazy SuccessD.E-commerce in China答案：C解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述马云如何获得成功的故事，因此C项最具概括性。II .七选五（2020山东临沂高一质检）This is an exciting time of year for a vocabulary lover, 1 .The word is not necessary new.But it is

37、 trending on the Oxford English icoQ/7（OED）site,as well as on social media and the Internet.2 .It saw an increase of 45% on the OED site this year.Arguably,it is a far more fascinating word than previous winner youthquakechiefly because “toxicTeflects how single words can expand and change in meaning over time.“Toxic” originated in the mid-1600s as the Latin word6toxicus9a deriuGive（派生词）of “toxicum_3.The word remained as something very literal until the 20th century.With the emergence of “toxic wastewe became aware of the importance of the word as it related to our envi