英语国家概况每章新版考题

1、第一章 Land and People 考题I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts:1. The British Isles are made up of_ A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland 2. There are

2、 three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_ A. Britain, Scotland and Wales B. England, Scotland and Wales C. Britain, Scotland and Ireland D. England, Scotland and Ireland 3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries_ A. that have a large number

3、of British immigrants B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars C. that speak English as their native language D. that were once colonies of Britain 4 About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the worlds people a

4、nd _of the worlds land area. A. one third B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two fifths 答案： Key: 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. 1949, Dublin Chapter 1 land and people 1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, t

5、he United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth? The British Isles, Great Britain and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country, while the official name is the United Kingdom, but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonw

6、ealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain? Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel i

7、n the south and the North Sea in the east. 3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland? The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. 4. Does Britain have a favorable climate? Why? Yes, it has a favorable climate, because it

8、 has a maritime type of climate-winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature, too. 5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which part of Britain has the most

9、rainfall and which part is the driest? The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three:1) The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;2) The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate;3) The North Atlantic Dr

10、ift, a warm current, passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them. The northwestern part has the most rainfall, while the south-eastern corner is the driest. 6. Describe the distribution of Britains population. Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated, with an

11、average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed, with 90%of the population in urban areas, 10% in rural areas. Geographically, most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people, 47 million live in England; 14 million live in London and Southeaster

12、n England. 7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland? The three natural zones in Scotland are: the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands, and the southern Uplands. 8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish? The ancestors of the English are

13、 Anglo-Saxons, while the Scots, Welsh and rash are Celts. 9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England? How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive? The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable, generous and fri

14、endly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry, music, singing and art and in this way they keep the

15、 Welsh language and Welsh culture alive. 10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland? Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominant

16、 group, while the latter are seeking more social, political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland第二章Origins of the Nation Arrival and settlement of the Celts Basis of modern English race: the Anglo

17、-Saxons The Viking and Danish invasions King Alfred and his contributions The Norman Conquest and its consequences1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _. A. the Iberian B. the Danes C. the Celts D. the AngloSaxons 2 the Celts religion was _. A. Christianity B. Druidism C. Norman belief D. R

18、oman Catholic 3 the AngloSaxons brought _ religion to Britain. A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic 4 The AngloSaxons established _ system, whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army. A. salve B. feudal C. manorial采邑制度 D. Capitalistic 5. The AngloSaxons

19、 created the _ to advise the king, the basis of the Privy Council. A. Synod B. Witan议会C. Whit by D. Shirt court 6. _ was known as “the father of the British navy. A. Edward B. Balfe C. Canute D. Harold I 7. Christmas Day _, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey. A. 1056 B. 1066 C.1006 D. 106

20、0 8. The Celts may originally have come from eastern and central Europe, now _. A. France, Belgium and Spain B. France, Spain and southern Italy C. France, Belgium and southern Germany D. France, Spain and southern Germany 9. By the middle of the ninth century, _ posed a threat to the Saxon kingdom

21、of Essex. A. the Vikings and the Danes B. the Vikings and the Jutes C. the Jutes and the Danes D .the Danes and the Vikings (是不是和A一样呀？) 10. The battle of Hastings witnessed the death of _ in October, 1066. A. Edward B. Testing C. Harold D. Harridan 11. In 597, _ was the first Archbishop of Canterbur

22、y. A. Agricola B. Constantine C. St. Augustine D. Gregory I 12. The Saxons were originally from _. A. northern Holland B.northern Germany C. south Norway D. south Germany 13. The Celts began to arrive about _BC and kept coming until the arrival of the Roman. A.400 B. 500 C.600 D.700 14The Celts came

23、 to Britain in _main waves. A two B three C four D five 15. _laid the foundations of English state. A Celts B the Anglo-Saxons C the Romans D the Normans 16. Alfred the Great was the King of _. A Sussex B Wessex C Essex D Mercia 17. On the Christmas Day of 1066, _was crowned king of England. A. Edwa

24、rd B Harold C Edgar D William 18. When Edward, the Confessor died, the Witan chose _as English King. A Duke William B Edith C Harold D Testing 19. Of the following four kings, _ died most tragically. A King Edward B King Egbert C King Harold D King Alfred 20. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought aga

25、inst Williams army on Senlac field near _. A London B Normandy C Stanford D Hastings 21. From which of the following languages was the suffix-caster or-orchestra in English place names borrowed? A Danish B Welsh C Latin D German 22. The Witan, the basis of the Privy Council was created by_. A the Ce

26、lts B the AngloSaxons C the Normans D the Romans 答案： 选择 1c. 2B. 3D. 4C. 5B 6B. 7B 8 C 9 A 10 C 11 C 12 B 13D 14B 15B 16C 17D 18C 19C 20D 21C 22B 简答 1 How did the Celts invade Britain? The Celts invaded Britain in three waves: the Gaels, the Brythons and the Belgae.2 How did the AngloSaxons invade En

27、gland? The AngloSaxons invaded into Britain in three waves: Jutes, Saxon and Anglos. 3 Who began to invade England from the end of the 8th century? By the end of the 8th century, the Norwegian Vikings and the Danes Denmark began to invade England. 4 What is the significance of the Norman Conquest? T

28、he Norman Conquest ended the English history of being invaded. 5 Who formally brought Christianity to Britain? And when? Christianity was brought to Britain by St.Augustine in 597. 名词解释 1. Heptarch I t is a collective name for the seven AngloSaxon kingdoms from the 7th century to the 9th century. Th

29、ey are Kent, Essex, Sussex, Essex, East Anglia, Mercia and North Umbria. After the 9th century, the seven kingdoms were conquered one after another by the invading Danes. 2. Alfred the Great He was king of Essex, one of the seven AngloSaxon kingdoms. It was he who led the AngloSaxons to fight agains

30、t the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime, but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introduced a legal system. He is known as “the father of the British navy. 3. William the conqueror He was also known as William, Duk

31、e of Normandy In 1066, he led the Normans to cross the English Channel and conquered England .He became 第三章 Shaping of the Nation练习题一 1. Under Williams rule, the- were at the bottom of the feudal system. A. barons B. freemen C. villains D. lawyers 2. William replaced the Witan, the council of the An

32、glo-Saxon king, with- A. the Grand Council B. the House of Lords C. the House of Corranons D. Parliament 3. William II was known as William- because of his red complexion. A. Rufus B. the Conqueror C. the Confessor D. the Unready 4. Henry II was the first king of the -dynasty. A. Windsor B. Tudor C.

33、 Malcolm D. Plantagenet 5. In Henry II s reign, a- law was gradually established in place of the customs of the manor. A. local B. private C. civil D. common 6. The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of- in 1164 to increase the jurisdiction of the civil courts. A. Labourers B. Clare

34、ndon C. Oxford D. Cambridge 7. The Great Charter was signed in and had- clauses. A.1251, 63 B.1251, 73 C.1215, 63 D.1215, 73 8. In 1265- summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament. A. Henry B.the Pope C. Barons D. Simon de Montfort 9. The Hundred Years war started in-

35、 and was ended in , in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of- , A .1337 , 1453, Flanders B .1337 , 1453, Calais C.1346, 1453, Argencourt D.1346, 1453, Brest 10. In 1351, the English government issued a Statute of- , which made it a crime for peasants to a

36、sk for more wages . A. Oxford B. Clarendon C. Labourers D. Magna Carta I. Answers: 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.D 9.B 10.C III 1.Domesday Book It is a book compiled by a group of clerks under the sponsorship of King William the First in 1086. The book was in fact a property record. It was the result of a gener

37、al survey of England. It recorded the extent, value, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It was one of the important measures adopted by William I to establish the full feudal system in England. Today, it is kept in the Public Records Office in London. 2.lollards:罗拉德派 they were poor pri

38、ests and traveling preachers who were john wyclifs followers.they played an important role in the mental preparations for the peasant uprising of 1381.they preaching the equality of men before god. 3.Joan of arc:圣女贞德 she was a national heroine of France during the hundred years war,she successfully

39、led the france to drive the English out of France. 4.The Black Death It is a modern name given to the dearly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread through Europe in the fourteenth century particularly in 1348-1349. It came without warning, and without any cue. In England, it killed almost half

40、of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. 1. What was feudalism like in England under the rule of William the Conqueror? Under the rule of William the Conqueror, the feudal system in England was completely established. According to this system, the king owned all the land

41、personally. William gave his barons large estates in return for military services and a proportion of the lands produce. These estates were scattered all over the king. Then, the barons parceled out land to the lesser nobles, knights and freemen, also in return for goods and services. At the bottom

42、of the feudal scale were the serfs. One peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king. 2. What were the contents and the significance of the Great charter? Contents: no tax should be ma

43、de without the approval of the Grand Council; no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; the Church should possess all its rights, together with freedom of elections; London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges,

44、and there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. It was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the power of the king. 3. Why and how did the English Parliament come into

45、being? Henry IIIs many measures was brought matters between he and barons to a head. And the barons force the king to swear and accept the Provisions of Oxford. Simon de Montfort summoned in 1265 the Great Council to meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each country and two burgesses

46、from each town, a metting which has been seen as that the earliest parliament. 4. What do you know about Wat Tylers Uprising? The uprising broke out in Kent and Essex in 1381 and was led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw. Tyler led the mared villagers to occupy London. The king was forced to accept their

47、demands. Most of the rebels dispersed and went home, while Tyler and other leader stayed on for more rights. Tyler was killed at a meeting with the king, who suppressed the Uprising brutally. Although the Uprising failed, it had great importance in English history. It directed against the rich clerg

48、y, the lawyers and the landowners. It effectively blew the serfdom, and a new class of yeomen farmers emerged, paving the way for the development of capitalism.第三章 Shaping of the Nation练习题二 选择题 1 The Domesday Book was completed in_. A. 1085 B. 1086 C.1087 D.1088 2. When William died in Normandy in 1

49、087 he left Normandy to _,and England to_. A. William Rufus; Robert B. Robert ;Henry C. Robert; William Rufus D. Henry; Robert 3. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land. A. the Archbishop of Canterbury B the

50、 barons C the church D the king 4. The barons forced the king of Henry 3 and his son Prince Edward to swear to accept the _. A . Provisions of Oxford. B Provisions of York C Provisions of Westminster D provisions of Canterbury 5 . Magna Carta was signed in _ at a conference at _. A. 1066; Runnymede

51、B. 1215; Windsor C. 1215; Oxford D. 1215; 6. According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of_. A. the Witan B the king C the Grand Council D the Commons 7 In 1265 Simon summoned the Great Council to meet together with two knights from each county and two _ from each town. A bu

52、rgesses B. bishops C. clergymen D. yeomen 8 The Hundred Years War lasted from _to_. A. 1337;1450 B. 1337;1453 C. 1330; 1453 D. 1337;1455 9 Domesday Book was compiled during the rule of _. A William I B William II C Henry II D King Stephen 10 The Black Death swept through England in the summer of _wi

53、thout warning. A 1374 B 1348 C 1349 D 1350 11 After the Hundred Years War, power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ambitious_. A bishops B Merchants C nobles D royal family members 12 The causes of the Hundred Years War were partly _and Partly _. A. political; military B political;

54、 economic C territorial; religious D territorial; economic 13 The Hundred Years War could be devided into _outstanding stages. A two B three C four D five 14 Under Williams rule, the_ were at the bottom of the feudal system. A. barons B. freemen C. villeins D. lawyers 15 William replaced the Witan,

55、the council of the Anglo-Saxon king, with _ A. the Grand Council B. the House of Lords C. the House of Corranons D. Parliament 16 William II was known as William _ because of his red complexion. A. Rufus B. the Conqueror C. the Confessor D. the Unready 17 Henry II was the first king of the _dynasty.

56、 A. Windsor B. Tudor C. Malcolm D. Plantagenet 18 In Henry II s reign, a _ law was gradually established in place of the customs of the manor. A. local B. private C. civil D. common 19 The Great Council of Henry II drew up the Constitutions of _in 1164 to increase the jurisdiction of the civil court

57、s. A. Labourers B. Clarendon C. Oxford D. Cambridge 20 The Great Charter was signed in _ and had_ clauses. A.1251, 63 B.1251, 73 C.1215, 63 D.1215, 73 21 In 1265 _summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament. A. Henry B.the Pope C. Barons D. Simon de Montfort 22 The Hun

58、dred Years war started in_ and was ended in_, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of _, A .1337 , 1453, Flanders B .1337 , 1453, Calais C.1346, 1453, Argencourt D.1346, 1453, Brest 23 In 1351, the English government issued a Statute of_ , which made it

59、a crime for peasants to ask for more wages . A. Oxford B. Clarendon C. Labourers D. Magna Carta 答案： B 答案： C 答案：D 答案： A 答案： D 答案：C 答案： A 答案： B 答案：A 答案：B 答案： C 答案：D 答案：B 答案：C 答案：A 答案：A 答案：D 答案：D 答案：B 答案：C 答案：D 答案：B 答案: C 一句话解释 1 Which system was completely established under William in English ? 答：The

60、feudal system was completely established under William in English. 2 What book was Domesday Book? 答：This book was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085, and stated the extents, value, the population , state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. 3 Whats the role of Simons Parlia