高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists单元课件 新人教必修5

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Unit 1 Great Scientists2021/8/11 星期三2Do you know?Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?ArchimedesCharles Darwin2021/8/11 星期三3Who invented the first stea

2、m engine?Thomas NewcomenWho used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Gregor Mendel2021/8/11 星期三4Who discovered radium?Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his pa

3、inting of people?Maries CurieThomas EdisonLeonardo da Vinci2021/8/11 星期三5Who invented a lamp to keep miner safe underground?Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Who put forward a theory about black holes?Sir Humphrey DavyZhang HengStephen Hawking2021/8/11 星期

4、三6Who is the father of super hybrid rice?Yuan LongpingDo you know who defeated “King Cholera”?John Snow2021/8/11 星期三7John Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he defeated “King Cholera”.Do you know what kind of disease is cholera?It is a kind of terrible disease caused by dr

5、inking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.2021/8/11 星期三8Lets get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “King Cholera” in 1854 in London in this reading passage: John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”2021/8/11 星期三9What happened in 1854?How many peopl

6、e died in 10 days?Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?Cholera outbreak hit London.500These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.Task 1:Skim and Scan2021/8/11 星期三10Task 2: Read and answer1 Why couldnt the cholera be und

7、er control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. Separating those who suffered cholera from those who di

8、dnt D. Both A and B4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?2021/8/11 星期三111 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals

9、.2021/8/11 星期三123 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. both A and B2021/8/11 星期三134 To preve

10、nt the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do? Suggested that the source of all water supplies be examine. Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.2021/8/11 星期三14John Snow Defea

11、ts “King Cholera”The passage is written as a report of an experiment and there are 7 steps:1.Find a problem:(发现问题)2.Make up a question:(形成研究主题)3.Think of a method:(找出研究方法)4.Collect results:(收集材料)5.Analyse results:(分析材料)6.Repeat if necessary:(必要时重新分析)7.Draw a conclusion:(得出结论)2021/8/11 星期三15Mind Map

12、of the textJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera Paragraph 2: Two theory Find a Problem: What cause the cholera?Make a question: Which is right?Paragraph 3-5: Study of the breakout in 1854 2021/8/11 星期三16Paragraph 3: Study of the breakout in 1854 Think of

13、 a method: Test two theoryCollect the result: Mark the deathAnalyse the result: Reason for death and no deathParagraph 4: Study of the breakout in 1854 Paragraph 5: Study of the breakout in 1854 Analyse the result: Find the resource of the water Repeat if necessary: Find more evidence.Draw a conclus

14、ion: Cholera was spread by germ Polluted water carried cholera2021/8/11 星期三17Paragraph 6: Prevention of Cholera John Snow defeat King Cholera2021/8/11 星期三18Read the passage again and finish Ex. 1(Page 3). (in 8 minutes)John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”2021/8/11 星期三19Scientific Reportby John SnowThe p

15、roblemThe causeIdea 1:Idea 2:The methodNobody knew the cause of the serious disease of choleraa strange cloud of gas found its victimspeople absorbed the disease with mealsCollect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correct2021/8/11 星期三20The resultsIdea 1 or 2? Why?The co

16、nclusionHe found the cause of cholera was the polluted waterIdea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried choleraHe defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water 2021/8/11 星期三21Retell the passage according to below:John Snow was a well-known

17、 _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the poll

18、uted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.2021/8/11 星期三22Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find

19、 the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that th

20、e _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealing (in 5 minutes)2021/8/11 星期三23Do you know? 发明蒸汽机的并不是瓦特，他是改进纽可门的蒸气机并发明出双动作，使世界进入“蒸气时代”的，使他成为第一次工业革命中的名气最大的发明家。2021/8/11 星期三2418

21、65年，修士孟德尔在一个会议上报告了他通过长达八年的实验研究和他所统计的多达两万一千多件样本的实验结果，利用豌豆实验发现了植物的遗传规律，但是孟道尔的理论超出了当时人们能够接受的水平。35年后，三国科学家几乎是同时发现了植物遗传的规律。而当他们准备发表论文，去查阅文献时，又不约而同地发现，早在35年前孟德尔就发现这样的规律了。他们三个人在发表论文时，都提到了孟德尔的文章，称自己的工作是证实了孟德尔的定律。这就是生物学史上的有名的“孟德尔定律的再发现”。2021/8/11 星期三25英国化学家、诗人汉弗莱戴维。1778年出生。他小时聪明、淘气，不喜欢读书，喜欢玩乐。他不到20岁时，父亲去世。为了

22、养家糊口，他到当地一位医生那当学徒，从此接触并喜欢上化学，因为觉得自己知识浅薄，他就自订计划发奋用功，凭着他的天资和勤奋，很快掌握了七种语言和不少科学知识，并最终成为了英国皇家学会的主席。1798年戴维的名声随着他对笑气的发现而传遍了整个英国。他还带病专门研究火焰，发明了矿用安全灯（1816），这种灯一直到今天仍叫戴维灯，曾挽救了成千上万名矿工的生命。2021/8/11 星期三26Language points2021/8/11 星期三27Language Points 2021/8/11 星期三28Find the phrases in the passage.1、提出 2、传染病3、科学研

23、究4、得出结论5、分析结果6、对产生兴趣7、被传染的人8、信仰9、查清楚10、调查11、水源12、使慢下来13、另外14、把和联系起来15、死于16、毫无疑问地17、阻止做18、处理2021/8/11 星期三29put forwardinfectious diseasesscientific research draw a conclusionanalyze the resultsget interested in the affected people believe in find out 1、提出 2、传染病3、科学研究4、得出结论5、分析结果6、对产生兴趣7、被传染的人8、信仰9、查清

24、楚2021/8/11 星期三30look into the source of water slow down in addition linkto die of with certaintypreventfrom deal with 10、调查11、水源12、使慢下来13、另外14、把和联系起来15、死于16、毫无疑问地17、阻止做18、处理2021/8/11 星期三31 Language Points1.discover & inventdiscover v. “ 发现“,被探索或被揭示物老早就客观存在着.Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于14

25、92年发现了美洲.Who discovered radium? 谁发现了镭?invent v. “发明”,指的是发明原先不存在的东西.Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机?2.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?2021/8/11 星期三32the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做.的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= S

26、he showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法.the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.I dont like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式. 与way相关的短语:by the way 顺便说 by way of 通过的方法lose ones way 迷路 no way (俚语) 没门,别想feel ones way 摸黑走,谨慎从事on ones way to在去的路上in this way=

27、by this means=with this method用这种方法2021/8/11 星期三333.Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?put forward(1) to offer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等)(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名May I put your name forward as our monitor?我能否提名你当我们的班长?put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来;记入名单;put on 穿上;戴上;增

28、加 put off 耽误;延期put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火) put up 建立;建造put up with 忍受 You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ the books when youve finished with them.A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off2021/8/11 星期三341. put forward 提出put down put off put away put on put out 放下，记下推迟，延期放好穿上， 上演扑灭

29、Ex. Fill in the blanks.The manager _ a good idea to solve the problem.Tom, could you please _ toys and books ? They are everywhere.3. The big fire was _ an hour later. 4. The match has _ because of the rain. 5. Time was up for the test. So all the students _ their pens and turned in their papers.6.

30、The man _ his best hat and went to the station.put forwardput awayput outbeen put offput downput on2021/8/11 星期三354.This was the most deadly disease of its day.die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.)deadly adj. 1.dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的;致命的 a deadly disease/weapon 2. highly effective against st

31、h. or someone 强有力的;致命的 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论3. aiming to kill or destroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的: a deadly enemy不共戴天的敌人adv. 1. Very极度;非常;十分: deadly serious 十分认真 2. like death 死一般地: deadly pale 死一般苍白2021/8/11 星期三362. attend1) 专心 , 处理 attend to sth. 2）照顾 attend to sb. / sth3) 治疗，护理, 照料attend (on ) sb. 4）出席，参加 at

32、tend a meeting attend school (入学）He attended to his business.If you go out , who will attend to the baby?I didnt attend his wedding on Sunday because I was too busy.他专心于他的事务。如果你出去，谁照顾婴儿呢？星期天我没出席他的婚礼因为太忙了。2021/8/11 星期三37Exercises 她岁就上学了。一位好医生在医院里给我看病。你能马上处理这件事吗？She attended school at the age of five.

33、A good doctor attended (on) me in hospital.Can you attend to this matter right away ?2021/8/11 星期三383. ease v . 减轻，舒缓This medicine can ease pain.The relationship between these two countries has eased. 这种药能镇痛缓解痛楚。两国的关系已经得到缓和。 ease ones mind = put sb. at (ones) ease 使某人安心 她说的话使大家安下心来。 What she said ea

34、sed everyones mind. What she said put everyone at ease.2021/8/11 星期三395.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动.意为“患霍乱的”.如:The book written by Luxun is very popular.expose v.to make visible 暴露 “expose .to.”He exposes his skin to the

35、sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.(2)to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of 揭露;揭发He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.I threatened to expose him ( to the police).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.2021/8/11 星期三40expose to 使易受,使受 expose a fraud 揭穿骗局expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下The disc, in the studio, sounded fantastic at the part

36、y that night.A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded2021/8/11 星期三415. cure v. / n. 治愈, 治疗 This kind of medicine cant cure him of his headache.He went to the city for a cure in a famous hospital.这种药治不了他的头痛。他到城里一家有名的医院治疗。v. n. 科学家们在寻找一种治疗禽流感的方法。 Scientists are searching for a met

37、hod to cure bird flu. 2021/8/11 星期三426. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有大批惊慌的老百姓病死.every time是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”,如:Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.immediately, the moment, directly, i

38、nstantly 等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一就”,如:I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他.I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了.2021/8/11 星期三436. controlv. 统治，控制He tried to control his anger. 他尽量控制自己的愤怒。n. 统治，控制 , 掌握 in control of指导；支配He was in control of the car.他负责这辆小汽车。under the

39、control of 被控制着( go ) out of control 失控 他的钱是由他妻子掌管的。 那辆车失去控制撞在墙上。His money is under the control of his wife.The car went out of control and hit the wall. 2021/8/11 星期三447.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着.(Suggest 用法参考P43.4,并完成相关的练习)8.absorb

40、 v. 吸收(液体);承受;承担 (费用等)Use the cloth to absorb the spilled ink. 吸干撒的墨水We will not absorb these charges.我们不能承担这些费用.absorbin/by.吸引注意 I was absorbed in a book and didnt hear you call.专心看书2021/8/11 星期三45absorbinto吸收The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大

41、公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。2021/8/11 星期三468. severe = serious 严厉的，严格的 = very harmful 剧烈的 be severe with = be strict with 对要求严格His severe looks frightened me. 他的严厉表情使我恐慌。He has a severe pain in his leg. 他的脚痛得厉害。 他对自己要求很严格。 He is very severe with himself. 2021/8/11 星期三479. valuable a. 贵重的，重要的，有用的be valuable to sb

42、. 对某人有价值be valuable for sth. 对有用value n. 价值valuable = of great value 他给我们提供了宝贵的信息。这本书对我的学习很有价值。 电脑对储存资料很有用。He provided us with valuable information. This book is valuable to me in my studies. This book is of great value to me in my studies.Computer is valuable for storing information.2021/8/11 星期三48

43、10. blame 责备，指责，归咎于blame sb. (for sth. )blame sth. on sb.They blamed him for everything . 他们样样事都指责他。He blamed it on me. 他怪我不好。 警察把这个事故的责任归咎那个司机。他把比赛失败归咎于自己。The police blamed the accident on the driver. He blamed himself for the loss of the match.2021/8/11 星期三4911. handlen. 把手， 柄v. 操作， 处理，管理， 拿the ha

44、ndle of the doorhandle the businesshandle an argument handle the food 门的把手管理业务处理一场争论拿食物2021/8/11 星期三5012. in addition 除此之外，另外，并且in addition to = besides 除此之外还有In addition to English , he has to study a second foreign language. 除了英语之外，他还必须学习第二外语。In addition , I work for the computer computer in my sp

45、are time. 此外，我还在业余时间要电脑公司工作。 She can sing songs in English _ in Japanese. The doctor found another way of curing the cancer _. in addition toin addition2021/8/11 星期三5113. linkto 把与连接/ 联系Scientists have linked smoking to cancer. 科学家已经把吸烟与癌症联系起来。 这条铁路把上海和北京连接起来。 The railway links Shanghai to Beijing.

46、2021/8/11 星期三5214. announce 宣布，发表， 告知显示， 预告/ 示The government announced its new economic policies. 政府发布了新的经济政策。The strong wind announced the coming of a big storm. 强风预示着一场大风暴的来临。这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。 The news was announced to the public on TV.2021/8/11 星期三53Choose the right one for the blanks.believe in, de

47、al with , preventfrom , with certainty, die of , in addition , look intoThe police are _ all the records of the man._, the course also provides practical experience.He _ him and let him handle all his business. The government is doing something to _ the polluted water.The old man _ hunger and cold.

48、You should _ your child _ going out at night.He was the first to work out the problem _. looking intoIn additionbelieved indeal withdied ofprevent fromwith certainty2021/8/11 星期三54P42.Using Words And Expressions1. In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living

49、conditions in the nineteenth century _ people _ serious illnesses. The reports of many doctors _ illness _ drinking polluted water. However, one hundred years ago people did not connect a disease to the environment. So they did not _ the companies that supplied dirty water. The doctors found that th

50、e dirtier the water, the more _ the illness. It was only later when people began to _ the water and _ its quality that they_ the idea that cholera was _ from the air. It was only when everybody began to attack the dirty conditions that cholera was _ and was not a problem any more.exposeexaminesevere

51、blame tolinktoabsorbedrejectedtestdefeated12021/8/11 星期三55Great scientistsReading & Writing2021/8/11 星期三56Warming upDo you know what is the center of the solar system?2021/8/11 星期三57Fast readingListen to the tape, and find out the answers to the questions.1. What did Copernicus think was the center

52、of the solar system?2.When did Copernicus publish his theory?Reading Copernicus Revolutionary Theory2021/8/11 星期三58Careful readingWhy didnt Copernicus publish his theory before he died?2021/8/11 星期三59P7. 1.Use the reading to help you draw the two theories of the universe.Before Copernicus theoryA di

53、agram showing the solar system with the earth at its centreShowing Copernicus theoryA diagram showing the solar system with the sun at its centre2021/8/11 星期三60 Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer (1473-1543). Born in Torun, he began his university studies in Krakow in 1491, where he studied

54、 canon law and Latin and Greek classics. However he also had an interest in mathematics and astronomy. After obtaining his degree of Doctor of Canon Law (教会法规博士学位)in Italy in 1503, Copernicus returned home to Warmia in Poland to serve as Canon (=priest) . In 1530, Copernicus completed his great work

55、 De Revolutionibus (天体运行论).Copernicus knew that these findings would lead him into trouble with the Roman Catholic Church (罗马天主教教徒), so he was2021/8/11 星期三61in no hurry to publish his theory. He only published it as he lay dying in 1543. Though Copernicus did not live to hear of its extraordinary im

56、pact, the book which first suggested that the Sun, not the Earth, is the centre of the universe is now recognized as one of the most influential scientific works of all time. Adapted from http:/www.library.rdg.ac.uk/colls/special/featureditem/copernicus/2021/8/11 星期三621. Surf the Internet and get mo

57、re information about Copernicus. /Literature/Biographies/Science/Copernicus.htm2. RevisionHomework2021/8/11 星期三63Listening (P5)1. Qian Xuesen first studied to be an engineer.2. In America he began to work on space rockets so that he was able to develop a space programme when he came back to China.3.

58、 When Qian Xuesen returned to China he sep up a Space Institute to begin training people in how to design and build rockets.2021/8/11 星期三644. In China he has been honoured as “the father of the space programme”.5. Steve Smith suggested putting Qian Xuesens picture on Mars when the first Chinese astr

59、onaut lands there.2021/8/11 星期三65 GrammarThe Past Participle2021/8/11 星期三66Translate the following phrases, and try to find out what the items relate to.一片碎玻璃开水一枚用过的邮票 一箱埋起来的硬币穿破的鞋子 一台损坏了的计算机结论：以上的短语都带有过去分词，这些过去分词都是充当定语，而且我们都可以用过去分词作表语的形式来改写以上短语。a broken piece of glassboiled watera used stampa burie

60、d box of coinsa damaged computerwornout shoes2021/8/11 星期三67 Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Past Participle Past Participle as the Attribute as the predicative terrified people 1.reserved seats 2.polluted water 3.a crowded room 4.a pleased winner 5.people who are terrifie