高中英语 专题二代词课件

1、2021/8/11 星期三1代词高考对代词的考察呈现出两大特点：1.旧的热点仍在，如对不定代词的考察，新的考察热点在逐步形成，如，对it的考察。2.加强在特定的语境中对代词与其他相关语法的综合考察。突破方法：首先从整体上把握代词的知识，如代词种类的划分：（1）人称代词（2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词。（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）相互代词2021/8/11 星期三2（6）不定代词（7）疑问代词（8）连接代词（名词性从句）（9）关系代词（定语从句）其次，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定代词间的用法区别。一、人称代词1.当说话者不清楚或不必要知道说话对象的性别时，可以用it来表

2、示。Its a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?2021/8/11 星期三32.人称代词有时也可用作名词Its not a she; its a he.3.人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。-Glad to meet you. -Me,too.4.代词they(不分性别）代表已提到过的一些人或事物。The browns phoned. Theyre coming roundthis evening.2021/8/11 星期三4-Susan ,go and join your sistercleaning the yard.-Why me? John

3、 is sitting there doing nothing.2021/8/11 星期三5人称代词格一单二单三（单数）一复二复三复主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem2021/8/11 星期三6物主代词物主代词人称一单二单三（单）一复二复三复形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourhishersitsoursyourstheirs2021/8/11 星期三71.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能做名词或动名词的定语。This is our classroom.His father is an

4、engineer.Would you mind my opening the window?Our country is a developing country.2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可单独做主语、宾语、表语。此外，名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用，2021/8/11 星期三8构成双重所有格，即：a/an/this/that/these/those/some/any/several/no/each/every/such/another/which+名词+of+名词性物主代词。This is her coat. Mine is over there.Some f

5、riends of mine will attend my birthdayparty.That car of hers is always breaking down.I know each brother of his.2021/8/11 星期三9 反 身 代 词一单二单 三（单）一复二复三复my-selfyour-selfhim-selfher-selfitselfour-selvesyour-selvesthem-selves2021/8/11 星期三10三、反身代词1.反身代词基本用法：1）宾语 Tom taught himself Chinese.(动宾） The boy is o

6、ld enough to take care of himself.(介宾）2）表语 She is not quite herself today.3)同位语 I myself can repair the bike.2021/8/11 星期三112.含有反身代词的惯用语（1）与介词连用Youll have to see if he has gone to the school for yourself.(亲自）The computer can shut off of itself.(=naturally自动地）Jim is not bad in himself, but he is a li

7、ttle shy.(本质地）2021/8/11 星期三12One would rather have a bedroomto oneself.(=for ones own private use; not to be shared独自享用）One cant play tennis by oneself.(=alone,without help单独地、独自地）He was beside himself with joy when he heard he had passed the exam.(=almost mad with anger/excitement,etc.由于气愤、激动等而发狂、忘

8、形）2021/8/11 星期三13（2）与代词连用enjoy yourself! (=Have a good time!)behave yourself.(=be polite; show good manners) 使举止良好absent oneself 缺课、缺勤devote oneself to 专心于；献身于apply oneself to 专心致志于adapt oneself to 适应于make oneself at home 不要客气2021/8/11 星期三14seat oneself(=sit) 坐say/talk/tell/think to oneself 暗自（在心中），

9、自言自语He is always boasting himself.(自夸）A moment later, he came to himself.(=regain self-control or consciousness，恢复自制力、知觉；苏醒过来）When he woke up, he found himself in hospital.(find oneself 发现自己不知不觉来到）help oneself to 别客气，请自便，随便取用2021/8/11 星期三15四、疑问代词 who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ever), which(ever), what

10、(ever)2021/8/11 星期三16四、疑问代词1.what,who的区别what 问职业、地位； who问姓名或身份。-Who is that man? -He is her husband.-What was the man over there?-He was a doctor.2021/8/11 星期三172.what,which的区别which 是在已知范围内进行选择，后面可跟of短语；what是在未知范围内进行选择，后面不可跟of短语。Which (of the animals) is bigger, an elephantor a horse?(有范围）What do yo

11、u want to read?(无范围）2021/8/11 星期三183.whatever,whichever,whoeverWhatever,whichever,whoever分别为what,which,who的强调形式，相当于what/which/who on earth (in the world) 到底（究竟）什么/哪一个/谁Whatever do you want?Whoever gave you the book?2021/8/11 星期三194.What的习惯用法 what is the population/the distance/the price of the book/

12、 your address/ your attitude/the height/weight/the depth/length/width/size? 2021/8/11 星期三20不定代词一、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法都任何都不两者两者或三者以上botheitherneitherallanynone2021/8/11 星期三21-Youre always working. Come on,lets go shopping.All you ever want to do is going shopping.-Theres coffee and tea

13、; You can have either.I had to buy all these books because I didntknow which one was the best.2021/8/11 星期三22二、none, nothing, nobody(no one)的用法区别1.none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念，常回答how many, how much引导的疑问句。no one只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答who引导的疑问句；nothing只能指物，且表泛指概念，常回答what引导的疑问句。-How much money do you have? -None.-What

14、 are you doing now? -Nothing.2021/8/11 星期三232.none往往与前面的some/any/every+名词连用; nothing往往与前面的something/anything/everything连用；no one/nobody往往与前面someone/somebody/everyone/everybody/anyone/anybody连用。If I had some money, I would lend him some,but unfortunately, I had none.2021/8/11 星期三243.none后面可跟of短语，而som

15、ething/anything/everything/nothing和someone/anyone/everyone/no one却不能。As we were asleep, none of us heard the sound.None of them knew about the plan becauseit was kept a secret.三、any, every的区别2021/8/11 星期三25any+名词表示“（三个或三个以上）”即：这个或那个或那个；every+名词表示 “三个或三个以上中的）每一个”，即：这个和那个和那个。not any表示全部否定，而notevery+名词

16、表部分否定。I have many books here, and you can take any one.Every student has to take the examination.=All the students have to take the examination.2021/8/11 星期三26四、every, each的区别each强调“个体”，可做代词和形容词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”；every强调“全体”，只能做定语，指“三个或三个以上”。each做同位语时，不影响谓语动词的数，不可用not each表部分否定。Each of my children goe

17、s to a different school.He had a cut on each foot.主语定语2021/8/11 星期三27each可做主、宾、定、同Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars.=The tickets cost 10 dollars each.=The tickets each cost 10 dollars.五、全部否定和部分否定all ,both, everyone,everybody,everything以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；no one, none,nobody, nothing, notany以及no+名词都

18、表示全部否定；但当not出现在含有全部肯定的不定代词的句子中，不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后都表示部分否定。此外not与总括性副词 主语同位语同位语2021/8/11 星期三28如everywhere,always,wholly,altogether等连用时也表示部分否定。-One weeks time has been wasted.-I cant believe we did all that work for nothing.2021/8/11 星期三29六、one, another, the other, some, others, the others一个/一些另外一个/一些剩余

19、一个/一些单数复数onesomeanother othersthe otherthe others2021/8/11 星期三30注意下列句子Would you please make it some other day? (=another day)He will stay here for another 3 days. (= 3 more days) 3.He has no other close friends like John.改日他还要在这里呆三天。他再也没有像John那样的好朋友了。2021/8/11 星期三31此外，the other后只能加单数名词或复数名词，不可加不可数名词

20、；但另外一个短语the rest of(剩余的）后可以加复数名词，还可以加不可数名词；副词else只能放在不定代词或特殊疑问词后。I work on the other side of town.-I like this one? -What about the other ones?How would you like to spend the rest of the day?2021/8/11 星期三32七、one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those1.one用来替代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an+单数名词；2.ones用来替代前面出

21、现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；3.the one用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that替代（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）。4.the ones用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those替代（尤其在有后置定语的情况下）。5.that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the+单数/不可数名词。2021/8/11 星期三33Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuablepresent, one(=a present) thatI had never seen.Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents,one

22、s(=many presents) that I had never seen.The book on the desk is better than that/theone(=the book) under the desk.The books on the desk are better than those/the ones(=the books) under the desk.2021/8/11 星期三34We needed a new cupboard for thekitchen. So Peter made one(= acupboard) from some wood we h

23、ad.(广西）Weve been looking at houses but havenot found one(=a house) we like yet.My most famous relative of all, the one(=the relative) who really left his mark on America,was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather.2021/8/11 星期三35八、many, much, few, little, a few, a little多少加复数名词加不可数名词manyfewmuchlittle2021/8

24、/11 星期三36肯定否定加复数名词加不可数名词a few几个few 少a little一点儿little少2021/8/11 星期三37Theres little cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the cornerstore and get some?九、与复合不定代词构成的习惯句型1.He is nothing but a clerk.他只是一个职员。2.He is anything but a clerk.他绝不是一名职员。3.He is someone/something/ not anybody.他是个重要人物、出色的人

25、物/普普通通的人。2021/8/11 星期三38He is something of a doctor. She has saved many lives.她可以说是一位出色的医生，她已救了很多人的命。十、it的用 法（一）、指代时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past two now.(指时间）It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.(距离）It was very cold in the room.A lovely day, isnt it?(天气）2021/8/11 星期三39二、指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重

26、要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。It is a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?(不明性别）-Who is knocking at the door?-Its me.-Ive broken a plate.-It(=Breaking the plate) doesnt matter.(前面所提到过的事情）2021/8/11 星期三40The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work beforethey can move in.三、it可以用做形式主语或形式宾语，而

27、把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。He found it easy to learn a foreign languagewell.We think it no good reading in bed.I think it necessary that we have the meeting.2021/8/11 星期三41It is no use trying to persuade him.It is well known that China has the largestpopulation in the world.四、it 用在不能直接跟宾语

28、从句的动词，尤其是表示好恶的动词，如：enjoy, like,love,dislike, resent, hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to(务必）后，即这些动词后面的宾语从句前要加it。2021/8/11 星期三42I take it that you dont agree with me.(我的理解是）I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.I cant help it if he is always late.I will appreciate it if you

29、 can help me.Please see to it that (make sure that) youbring enough money when you go out.You can count on it that he is very smart.你就相信吧，他非常聪明。As someone puts it, practice makes perfect.像某人说的那样，熟能生巧。2021/8/11 星期三43-Do you like _here?-Oh, yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice

30、.this B. these C. that D. itI prefer a flat in Inverness to_ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms.A. one B. that C. it D. thisDA(it指代谈话双方心里都明白的事情或情况。E.g. I cant stand it.)(one代替泛指的单数名词，以避免重复。）2021/8/11 星期三44-Which of the two computer gamesdid you prefer?-Actually I didnt like_.(08,卷I,30)Bot

31、h of them B. either of themC. None of them D. neither of them B根据句子中所暗含的two computer games,可以知道这里表示“两者之一”，要用either,而none表示“三者或三者以上”。2021/8/11 星期三45The two girls are getting on verywell and share_ with each other.(08安徽）little B. much C. some D. noneMake sure youve got the passports and tickets and_ b

32、efore you leave.(08山东）something B. anything C. everything D. nothingBC考查代词的用法。注意在具体的语境中不定代词的用法，little“几乎没有”,some一些，none没有，均不符合句子的意思2021/8/11 星期三46考查不定代词的用法。everything强调包括the passports和tickets在内的所有东西。而something,anything, nothing,均不符合句子的意思。2021/8/11 星期三4708年高考(08全国卷I 30) Which of the two computer game

33、s did you prefer? Actually I didnt like _.A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of themB2021/8/11 星期三48(08全国卷I 33) The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. A. which B. what C. that D. the oneC2021/8/11 星期三49(08上海春卷 26) Many f

34、ast-growing countries are less concerned with protecting _against climate change. A. one B. oneself C. them D. themselves D2021/8/11 星期三50(08上海卷26) Do you want tea or coffee? _, I really dont mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. or C2021/8/11 星期三51(08天津卷 05)To know more about the British Museum, yo

35、u can use the Internet to go to the library, or _. A. neither B. some C. all D. bothD2021/8/11 星期三52(08重庆卷 24)-Could we see each other at 3 oclock this afternoon? -Sorry, lets make it_ time. A. others B. the other C. another D. otherC2021/8/11 星期三53(08辽宁卷 26)Could you tell me how to get to Victoria

36、Street?Victoria Street? _ is where the Grand Theatre is.A. Such B. ThereC. ThatD. ThisC2021/8/11 星期三54(08山东卷 27)Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave.A. something B. anythingC. everything D. nothingC2021/8/11 星期三55(08江西卷23)Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ aft

37、er an injury?A. himself B. him C. itself D. itC2021/8/11 星期三56(08安徽卷21) The two girls are getting on very well and share _ with each other. A. little B. much C. some D noneB2021/8/11 星期三57(08浙江卷09)Id like some more cheese. Sorry, theres _ left. A. some B. none C. a little D. fewB2021/8/11 星期三58(08湖南

38、卷21) Our neighbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. A. us, it B. us, itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it B2021/8/11 星期三59(08四川卷11)The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _ four percent. A. any other B. the other C. another D. otherC2021/8/1

39、1 星期三60(08福建卷21) How do you find your new classmates? Most of them are kind, but _ is so good to me as Bruce.A. none B. no one C. every one D. some one A2021/8/11 星期三6109年高考题归纳1.One of the most important questions theyhad to consider was_ of public health.(09全国I,33)what B. this C. that D. which2.Cha

40、rles was alone at home, with_looking after him.(09全国II,7)A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no oneCD2021/8/11 星期三623.The CDs are on sale! Buy one and youget_ completely free.(09全国II,12)other B. others C. one D. ones4.Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with specialneed

41、s often carries with_ extra stress.(09北京，35) A. it B. them C. one D. himCA2021/8/11 星期三635.I was born New Orleans,Louisiana,a city_name will create a picture of beautifultrees and green grass in our mind.(湖南，26)A. which B. of which C. that D. whose6.Over the past 20 years, the Internet has helped ch

42、ange our world in_way or another for the better.(09重庆，22)A.any B. one C. every D. eitherDB2021/8/11 星期三647._is the power of TV that it canmake a person suddenly famous.(09辽宁，28)A.such B.This C.That D.So8.-Ive read another book this week.-Well, maybe_ is not how much youread but what you read that co

43、unts.(09浙江，4)A. this B. that C. there D. itAD2021/8/11 星期三659.I like this house with a beautifulgarden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_.(09四川，3)A.one B.it C. this D. that10.News came from the school office_Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.(09四川，7)A. which B. what C. tha

44、t D. whereBC2021/8/11 星期三6611.Nine in ten parents said therewere significant differences in theirapproach to educating their children compared with_ of their parents.(09江苏，35)A. those B. one C. both D. that12.I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face_day like that.(0

45、9山东，23)A. other B. another C. the other D. othersDB2021/8/11 星期三6713.Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer_ of them.(09陕西，10)other B. any C. none D. someB2021/8/11 星期三682010年高考对代词的考查（10福建）22. When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me?A. everything B. anythin

46、g C. something D. nothingC考点：考查不定代词的辨析解析：句子的意思是当你向Mr. John介绍我的时候，你可以为我说一些好话吗? A. everything 所有的；B. anything 任何事；D nothing 什么也没有 C. something表示一些，某些2021/8/11 星期三69（10上海）27. If our parents do everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on _ A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves考点：本题考查反身代词解析

47、：主语为we，因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选D。2021/8/11 星期三70（10安徽）21. You are a team star! Working with_ is really your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other考点：本题考查不定代词的用法。解析：句意为“你是球队明星！与他人合作必须是你喜欢做的事。”习语“ones cup of tea”意为“the type of thing or person that you like”。2021/8/11

48、星期三71（10山东）32. Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one考点：本题考查代词的用法。解析：句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。句中you can learn even at an early age是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句，that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。2021/8/11 星期三72（10天津）6. in my life impres

49、sed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something考点：考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：我一生中什么都没有我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻。解析：nothing用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。2021/8/11 星期三73（陕西）12. The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.

50、A. that B. this C. it D. one 考点：考查代词。解析：所填词用于比较状语从句中，指代句子的主语cost，即指代不可数名词，用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物；it指代“同一物”；one指代“同类中的一个”之意。2021/8/11 星期三74（10四川）7. On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. A. him B. his C. me D. mine考点：考查代词。解析： take a photo of sb意为给某人照相，此处应用人称代词的宾格。正确答案为C。2021/8

51、/11 星期三75（10全国）12. Neither side is prepared to talk to _unless we can smooth things over between them. A. others B. the other C. another D. one other考点：不定代词考查。解析： Neither含有“两者都不”之意，一方对应另一方，故用the other指“两者中的另一个”。2021/8/11 星期三76（10重庆）23. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found

52、 of them again. A. neitherB. eitherC. eachD. all考点：考查代词。解析：由“his temper and health”可以排除C项和D项，由后面的never表否定，选either，never either是全部否定，相当于neither 。2021/8/11 星期三7725. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions had used the products. A. whoever B. whoC. whichever D. which考点：考查关系代词。解

53、析：这儿_ used the products。是个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，并且指人，所以用whoever. 2021/8/11 星期三78（10江西）34 Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name, not case number. A of B as C by D with考点：考察介词解析：方式方法可以用by也可以用with, by+ n(方式), with+修饰词+ n(工具). 2021/8/11 星期三79（10浙江）14 thats important is that you are doing your best and

54、 moving in the right direction. AOneBAllCEverything DAnything考点：本题考查不定代词。解析：分析四个选项的意思，根据语境：重要的是你正在努力并且朝着正确的方向前行。从而判断此处选择all意思最合适。2021/8/11 星期三80（10全国）14.The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it解析：考查It的用法。It的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语，it在这里代指后面的真正宾语to h

55、ave a holiday。2021/8/11 星期三81（10辽宁）33.The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that countryA so B. much C. that D. it 句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在哪个国家很难找到工作。解析：考查it的用法。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构做made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处要用it做形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。2021/8/11 星期三822011高

56、考代词考查（2011全国II）11. I got this bicycle for_: My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.everything B. somethingC. anything D. nothing考查不定代词。根据 “My friend gave it to me”可知，我免费得到了这辆自行车，因此用nothing, for nothing表示 “免费，不花钱”。2021/8/11 星期三83（2011安徽）22. Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below

57、 her knees and made _almost an overcoat for her. them B. herC. itself D. herself考查代词。句意：令人惊奇的是，苏珊漂亮的头发垂到了膝盖以下，几乎成为了她的外套。此处， itself指的是“头发本身”。2021/8/11 星期三84（2011湖南）24. I knew that _would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.something B. anythingC. everything D. nothing考查代词。句意：我知道没有什么能阻止他。他是不会放弃当导演的想法的。nothing 意为“没有什么”，符合句意。2021/8/11 星期三85（2011陕西）16 .-Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear?-_one?Other B. EveryC. Another D. More考查不定代词。“亲爱的，从厨房给我拿一块巧克力来好吗？”“还要一块”。other后面应该接不可数名词或复数名词（前面出现the或any,其后可接单数可数名词）。