高中英语专题 Unit 1 Section Ⅲ　Grammar-限制性定语从句

1、 Section Grammar限制性定语从句语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.There was not much (that) we could do when it was raining.2.That is all that works.3.Who is the girl that he gave the flower to？4.The lady I wrote the poem for was my sister.5.This is the great writer to whom our teacher was referring.6.He received the e

2、mail (that) he was looking forward to.1.例句1先行词much和例句2先行词all后用that，不用which，作定语从句的宾语时可以省略。2.例句3、4中关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，用to或for，无关系代词时，也要用to或for。3.例句5中介词置于从句之首，关系代词whom之前。4.例句6中定语从句的谓语动词如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，

3、主句的意思仍然清晰完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。Do you know the girl who just came in?你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？(若把从句去掉，则不明白是哪个女孩)The old woman，who lives on her own，has a cat for company.这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。(若把从句去掉，仍然知道是哪个老妇人)即时训练1单句语法填空My house，_ I bought last year，has got a lovely garden.The boy _ br

4、oke the window is called Tom.一、只用that不用which的情况1先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。Do you have_ you want to say for yourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗？2先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only，the very (恰恰，正好)，the last，all，no，few，little，any等修饰时。This is one of _football games_ I have

5、ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。This is _ thing _we can do now.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。3先行词既有人又有物时。_ you told me about are admired by us all.你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。4当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时。Shanghai is no longer _it used to be.上海不再是过去的那座城市了。5当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。_ is the person_ is standing at the gate?站在门口的那

6、个人是谁？即时训练2单句语法填空He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels_ filled his bus.Here is the book about _ I told you yesterday.This is the best way _ is to be used against pollution.二、只用which不用that的情况1引导非限制性定语从句。Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，_，of course，made the o

7、thers envy him.海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然使其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。 2关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前。This is the house _ Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。3引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。The result was not the same as they had expected，_ was rather disappointing.结果与当初预料的不一样，这令人很失望。即时训练3单句语法填空Tom came back，_ made us very hap

8、py.The house in _I used to live has become a shoe shop.三、 宜用who不宜用that的情况1当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，ones，anyone。_ does that must be mad.谁那样做都一定是疯了。2当先行词是I，you，he，they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。_doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。3当先行词为指人的those时。_have good manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到

9、人们的高度尊重。4在there be结构中，先行词是指人的名词时。_ wants to see you.有一个年轻人想见你。即时训练4单句语法填空Do you know the ones _ moved here recently?They _live longest will see most.Those _ were once for him have turned against him.四、关系代词作介词的宾语关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom或whose。

10、介词的选用(1)根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。Do you still remember the days during which we worked together?你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗？(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。The social problem about which the two sides are debating with each other is a very serious one.(debate with sb.ab

11、out.就与某人展开辩论)双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是很严重的一个问题。名师点津关系代词作间接宾语时，用to或for。The girl that Tom_ the dictionary _ is very pretty.汤姆给她字典的那个姑娘很可爱。I know the boy whom you _ a white hat_.我认识你给他买白帽子那个男孩。(3)根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。Water is of great importance，_ people can not liv

12、e.水是很重要的，没有它人们就无法生存。This is the book _ you have talked to me.这是你曾经给我谈起的那本书。This is the book _there is a map of China.这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。名师点津有些以介词结尾的短语动词，如look for，look after，send for，call on，come across，long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。The doctor_ you _ has not come yet.你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。This is the baby _ you w

13、ill _这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。即时训练5单句语法填空His brother，_whom I went to the park，took a lot of pictures there.English is one of the most interesting subjects_which Im interested.He broke his glasses，_ which he cant see anything.五、关系代词的省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。The man (_-) you saw just now is our manager.你刚才见到的那个人是我们

14、的经理。Is there anything (_) I can do for you?有什么我能为你效劳的吗？即时训练6请用正确的关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词This is the most interesting story (_) I have ever read.He often helps the students _ he thinks are not quick at their study.Who was the woman (_) you were talking with?单句语法填空1This is the student _ whom I bought a book.2This is the ship _ which I went to Shanghai.3Is this the car for _ you paid a high price?4This is the pilot with _ my father has worked for ten years.5What is the first American film _ you have seen?6All _can be done has been done.7She described in her com