宾语补足语的用法 新课标 人教

1、宾语补足语的用法2021/8/8 星期日1英语的五个基本结构S 十 V 主谓结构S 十 V 十 P 主系表结构S 十 V 十 O 主谓宾结构S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 主谓双宾结构S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主谓宾补结构说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语 2021/8/8 星期日21S 十 V 句式He runs quickly他跑得快。2S 十 V 十 P 句式：The story sounds interesting这个故事听起来有趣。3S 十 V 十 O 句式They built a house last year他们去年建了一所房子。4S

2、 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 句式He offered me his seat / his seat to me他把座位让给我。5S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式They found her happy that day他们发现那天她很高兴。I found him out我发现他出去了。They named the boy Charlie他们给这个男孩起名为查理。I saw him come in and go out我见他进来又出去。They felt the car moving fast他们感到汽车行驶得很快。He found the door of study closed to hi

3、m他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。 2021/8/8 星期日3一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1、名词： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny.注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose, find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如： They elected

4、John chairman of the committee.2021/8/8 星期日42、形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. Wed better leave the door open.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有： believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。3、现在分词： Im sorry to have kept you wai

5、ting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：2021/8/8 星期日55、过去分词： He watched the TV set carried out of the room. Last year they had their house rebuilt. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.

6、6此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如： When do you want it back? Why didnt you invite them in? We could hear the children at play outside.4、动词不定式： Nobody could make him change his mind. Would you like me to come along with you? He believed the earth to be a globe.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：2021/8/8 星期日6二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：1、

7、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时，它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系（或称表语关系），若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。试比较： We made him our monitor. (He is our monitor.) You should keep your room clean and tidy. (Your room is clean and tidy.) We could hear the children at play outside. (The children are at play outside.)202

8、1/8/8 星期日7二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：3、当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如： I once heard this song sung in Japanese. (This song was once sung in Japanese.) I didnt want the children taken out in such weather. (The children were taken out in such weather.)2021/8/8 星期日8三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现

9、在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：1、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking.2、只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, b

10、ring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, worry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist, report, bear, wait for / think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。3、既能用现在分词又可用

11、不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, imagine, discover, like, want, understand, hate, get, set, leave等。2021/8/8 星期日9四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号 to 的取舍问题：1、在hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe 等动词后的不定式需省去 to 。2、feel 一词，跟 to be 型不定式带 to；跟

12、to do 型不定式不带 to。3、help 一词后的不定式，可带 to，也可以不带 to。（请参见“动词不定式”一节）2021/8/8 星期日10五、在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，如： I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings. Do you consider it any good trying again? We all thought it a pity that you couldnt joi

13、n us. 注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有： feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider 等。2021/8/8 星期日11Practice2021/8/8 星期日12单句改错The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself understand.We all elected Jason the monitor.The teacher asked us not make so much noise. - What a nice fire

14、 you have in your fireplace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm2021/8/8 星期日135. Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6. He pushed the door opening.7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8. With a lot o

15、f difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.9. When I came in, I found a boy hide behind the door.10. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unfinished.runningopenputtingtohiddenwith2021/8/8 星期日14Tell him _ the window.to shut not B. not to shut C. to

16、 not shut D. not shut2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _

17、 across the enemy line.to risk going B. risking to goC. for risk to go D. risk going单项选择2021/8/8 星期日155. I found the door _ when I got home.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7.

18、I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly- elected president is having a hard time.settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled9. I advised _ at once. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to

19、start 2021/8/8 星期日1610. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _.beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth.pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out12. He managed to make himself_with his_English.understand; brea

20、king B. understand; brokenC. understood; breaking D. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A. expose B. exposed C. to expose D. exposing2021/8/8 星期日172021/8/8 星期日182021/8/8 星期日199、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9

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22、6、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/9/92022/9/909 September 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/2022 4:07:03 AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Sep-220

23、9-Sep-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/202214、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。09 九月 20222022/9/92022/9/92022/9/915、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。九月 222022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/202216、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2022/9/92022/9/909 September 202217、空山新雨后