被动语态各种时态构成表

1、被动语态各种时态构成表：TENSE被动语态bedodoesamisare+donewill+dowill be +doneamisare+doingamisare+being+d waswerewaswere+done现在完成havehas+donehavehas+been+dohad+donehad+been+donewaswere+doingwaswere+being+d情态动词情态动词 +do情态动词一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变例：、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.动被：The forei

2、gn guests were given a warm welcome by thechildren.孩们子热烈地欢迎外宾。、动主：People regard him as brilliant.动被：He is regarded as brilliant by people.人们认为他很有才 华。1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people werekilled and twelve were injured.12、直言不讳的人才是真正 诚实的人。A person w

3、ho is truly honest is called a straight arrow.3、有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。A note was passed up to the speaker.4、 John被选为班长而代替了亨利。John was elected president of the class instead of Harry.5、这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。The soldier was killed, but the train was saved.6、他被认为很聪明但不诚实 。He was thought to be clever but dishonest.7、美

4、国的第一个 动物园是 1874年建立的。The first zoological garden in the United States was established in1874.8、 多数环境污染问题的存在，是因为过去没有采取适当的保护措施。Most environmental problems exist because adequate measuresforpreventing them were not taken in the past.2完成时态 have/had done，被动将been加中间。例：1、我们已经在夜校里断断 续续地学了三年英 语了。主 动 ：We have

5、studied English for 3 years off and on at thespare-time school.被 动 ：English has been studied for 3 years off and on at thespare-time school.(have随新主语变为 has)2、到去年年底我 们已生产出一百台拖拉机。主动: They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.被动: 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year.3、到去年

6、年底他们已建造了三艘船。主动：They had build three ships by last December.被动：By last December three ships had been built by them.4、人们把装满垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。主动：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets.被动: Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets.5、他们已提醒我 们要注意老鼠。3主动：They have warned us to be

7、 careful of rats.被动：We have been warned to be careful of rats.练习：1、今天是 Judy的新婚日，她刚刚和鲍勃结婚。Today is Judys wedding, she has just been married to Danel.2、演讲委员会已宣布了 这些讲演的题目。The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecturecommittee.3、当我回来 时，发现我的车被弄走了。我问他们为啥这 么于。他们告诉我说因为我把车于停在 禁止停车的禁区。My c

8、ar had been towed away when I came back.一般将来 shall (will) do ，被动变 do为be done即由 shall do或will do 变为 shall done或will be done。例：1、过年我市将建立几座大型现代化的发电厂。主动 : We shall build several big modern power plants in our citynext year.被动：Several big modern power plants will be built in our city next4year.(shall do中

9、的 shall要随新主 语变为 will, do 为be done.)2、过年九月我将送我次子去 读书。王动：I shall send my second boy to school next September.被动：My second boy will be sent to school next September.3、他们将问你许多怪题。主动：They will ask you a lot of strange questions.被动: You will be asked a lot of strange questions.被动句中的 by引出的宾语，一般说来，如果是人称代词你、我

10、、他等，均可省略，someone no one不由 by来引出。如果是名词不能省略，但当今英语也都可省略了。1、中国人民在将来将 进行更多的空 间探索。主动：The Chinese people will make more space explorations in thefuture.被动：More space explorations will be made in the future by theChinese people.2、通常是昼夜供 电，明天白天将停电。Usually, the electricity is on for 24 hours. But tomorrow it

11、will be5cut off in the day time.3、电池使用一段 时间后，应该更换。After a period of use, the batteries should be changed.4、这机器不能再用了。The machine will not be used again。将来进行无被动：shall（will ）be doing现在完成进行同：have（has）been doing即将来进行时表示动作在将来某一 时刻或某个 阶段正在进行；现在完成进行时表示某一行 为发生在过去，延续到现在，将续续下去，两种时态不能用被 动语态。1、今晚你将做什么 ?（将来进行时)Wh

12、at will you be doing this evening?2、 1980年以来，我一直住在鞍山。 (现在完成进行时)I have been living in Anshan Since 19803、你学英语多久了 ?(现在完成进行时)How long have you been studying English?4、由于大雾，我们已经在机场等了一整天了。 (现在完成进行时)We have been waiting at the airport all daybecause of the thick fog.6【现、过进行be doing ，被动be加being done】即现在进行时

13、或过去进行时都是be的人称、时和数的形式加 doing。而被动态则是be加上being done的形式，being是不变的。现在进行时和过去进行时的被动态是被动态个的重点，容易搞错。例如：1、工人们正在维修东北工学院主楼。主动：The workers are repairing the main building of the NortheastEngineering Institute.被动：The main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute isbeing repaired by the workers.2、委员会的委员们正在考

14、虑那个棘手的 问题 .The nasty question is being considered by the committee members.3、他们在计划修建另一座跨 线桥 。The buildong of another fly-over is being planned.【情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。】带情态动词和助动词等的被动态如何处理比较复杂。要随新的主语来变化，这些词如can, could；will, would; shall, should; may, might;must; ought to; need需要；have to不得不；be going to; to

15、 be to; used to;seem to; happen to等。例如：71、我们必须把这个记在心里。主动: We must keep this in mind.被动：This must be kept in mind.2、我们可以把电冰箱放在那个地方。主动：We can put the refrigerator in that place. (refrigerator=freezer.)被动：The refrigerator can be put in that place.3、我们不能再用那台洗衣机了。主动：We shall not use the washing machine a

16、gain. 被动：The washing machine will not be used again. 原来的谓语 shall use被动态中随新主 语变为 will 4、我们将采取更多的措施来防止腐蚀。主动: We shall take more measures to prevent corrosion.被动: More measures will be taken to prevent corrosion. (shall变will)5、这一切得认真解决。All this has to be solved with great care.6、展览会将明日开放。The exhibition

17、 is to be opened tomorrow.may加不定式的完成体或完成进行体表示 可能 ，主要用于肯定8句，决不能用在疑问句中。而can与不定式的完成体或完成 进行体连用表示 可能，只用于否定句和疑 问句，不用于肯定句。但如果can或may的过去式即 could与might与不定式完成体或完成 进行体搭配 时，可用于各种结构。肯，否，陈，疑均可。It cant have been lost in the post, can it?它不可能在 邮局丢失的吧：(反意疑问句)否定助后加 not，疑问一助置主前在否定句的被 动态中，否定副词 not-定加在第一助 动词之后，不放在别的助动词之

18、后。同样在疑问句的被 动态中，第一助动词置于主语之前。例：为什么不采取些措施来 结束罢工呢 ?Why has(一助 ) not anything been(二助 ) done to end the strike? not必须放在第一助 动词 has之后，第 -助动词 has必须放在主 语anything之前。决不可写成 : why has fot been anything done to end thestrike?或why has been not anything done to end the strike?1、我们将不在课堂上作练习 。The exercises will not b

19、e done in class.2、用什么别的途径能 获得火星的 资料呢 2In what other way could(一助 ) information about Mars be(二助 )9abtained?3、他为何入狱的?Why had he been imprisoned?4、需要告诉他吗?Need she be told about it?5、没人刷新你的记录 。Your record has never been equalled.主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前凡主语恰好是一个疑 问词或由疑问词来修饰主语时，后面要用陈述语序。例: 卫星上可以扔下何物 ?What(主语) cou

20、ld be dropped from a satellite?1、正在采取什么措施来 发展这门新科学 ?What measures(主语) are being taken to develop this new science?2、需要哪种装置来使控制系 统简化?What kind of device(主语 ) is needed to make the control systemsimple?3、采取了什么措施来改 进这些技术的?10what has been done to improve the techniques?应指出的是有的学生把 We study diligently 和Sh

21、e could see herself clearly in the mirror. 都硬行 变成被 动了 , 殊不知不及物 动词通常是没有被 动态 的。关于不及物 动词 反身代 词动词 ，同源宾语动词 系词感官使役动词 ，短语动词的被动态。【有些动词可以带双宾语】在用于被 动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为 主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在 谓语后面；直接宾语变为 主语时，直接宾语前通常加上介词for/to在记者招待会上人 们问了他很多 问题He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.他们在幼儿园被教 给很多东西。They

22、are taught a lot of things in the kindergartens.作为生日礼物他收到了一个新MP4。A new MP4 was given to him as birthday present/gift.He gave me abook. Abook was given to me by him.He showed me aticket.Aticket was shown to me by him.11My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for meby my father.【特别提醒】有些动

23、词后跟不带to的不定式作 宾补，但改为被动结构后要加上“ to。”例如We heard him sing in his room just now.-He was heard to sing in his room just now.刚才听到他在房 间中唱歌。make somebody do something somebody+be +made to dosomethingsee somebody dosomething somebody+be +seen to do somethingThe boss made the little boy do heavy work. Thelittle

24、 boy wasmade to do heavy work by the boss.【不用被动语态的情况】不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束 ), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit,spread, stand12break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物 动词；raise, seat是及物动词 。(错) The price has been risen.(对) The price h