黎贇-考研英语写作课件

1、2012考研英语写作三峡大学科技学院 黎贇 Roma was not built in one day!2022/9/102前 言Introduction1.为什么你的作文写不好？2.考研英语作文的题目类型 3.应对考研英语写作的高分策略2022/9/103写不好作文 1.不会写考试时拿到一篇文章不知如何下手，不知如何提笔进行写作。主要是存在以下两个原因：一是考生的确无话可说；二是心里虽然有话，但是拿捏不准该写哪句为妙。于是思前想后、犹豫不决，始终不敢提笔进行写作。 2.写不好拿到作文题，没有明确的写作思路，不按套路出牌；或是简单汉语逻辑思维写作，不符合英语写作标准，没有文采。原因在于：第一是

2、平时没有养成良好的写作习惯；第二对于英语写作的句式特点以及整体文章结构框架不了解。第三，过分依赖和迷信“万能”的套用模式，句型僵化，缺乏活力和亮点。2022/9/104近年来考研英语写作分为两类：小作文、大作文。小作文一般给出作文内容要点，以求职信、申请信，道歉信和感谢信等为命题题材，内容简单明确，不需要复杂华丽的文采修饰。大作文类型，从文体上看，可以划分为说明文和议论文，从选题范围上看，大都是目前人们最为关注的问题，反映了当前社会的热门话题或可以用热门话题来透视的哲理性问题。通过对近些年的真题分析；从出题形式上看，在平稳种逐渐趋于多样化，写作题目易于理解，无论以文字的形式还是以图表、图画的形

3、式出现都浅显易懂。考研英语写作题目类型2022/9/105高分策略文 章A Composition词 汇vocabulary句 式Sentence Structure段 落Paragraph2022/9/106词汇层面1.图形的种类及相关表达2.数据的种类及相关表达3.数据的变化及相关表达4.表衔接的语言5.各类话题重点词汇6.其他必背经典表达2022/9/107 （泛指）图形 Graph,chart,diagram,illustration 饼图，圆形图 pie chart, pie graph 条形图，柱形图 bar chart,column chart, histogram 直线图，曲线

4、图 line chart, curve chart 表格图 table 流程图，过程图 flow chart, sequence diagram 树形图 tree diagram 直线 the straight line 虚线 the dotted line 轮廓，外形 outline图形种类及相关表达2022/9/1010分布，区别distribute在同一时期during the same period不相等的unequally明显趋势Noticeable trend一些较大的变化significant changes轻微的Slight缓慢的slow渐进的gradual稳固的steady急

5、剧的steep戏剧性的，生动的dramatic迅速的rapid表程度数据的变化及相关表达（二）2022/9/1011 表衔接的语言（一）表列举表举例 in the first (second) place, to begin with, last but not least for one thing, first of allfor example, for instance，such as, a case in point, to illustrate, as a proof表增补in addition, furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from

6、, then ,whats more, to put it another way, all the same, likewise表对照unlike, in contrast (with, to),whereas, on the other hand, instead of, nonetheless, nevertheless, by contrast, on the contrary, otherwise, the opposite of2022/9/1012 表结果 therefore, as a result, consequently, accordingly, so, thus, o

7、n the account, hence, in this way, as a consequence 表结论 to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, on the whole, in the last analysis(归根结底), in a word, all in brief, in short, in sum, to conclude, to be brief, all in all, the long and the short of it(总而言之） 表时间 in the meantime, by the ti

8、me(到的时候), from now on presently,formerly, meanwhille,after a while, so far, since, by now 表原因 owing to, result from, due to, on account of, on the ground of, as a result of, by reason of, because (of) 表重复as I have said/mentioned/discussed, as has been noted/pointed out,as is mentioned above 表衔接的语言 （

9、二）2022/9/1016自然/生态/环境词汇过度开垦：excessive reclamation生态失衡：disruption of ecological balance适者生存：the survival of the fittest节能措施：energy-saving measures能源危机：energy crisis减少城市噪音：to abate the city noises取之不竭，用之不尽的：inexhaustible能源多样化：to diversify energy sources缓解对环境的压力：to ease environment pressure污染防治和控制：poll

10、ution prevention and control2022/9/1017社会/生活/其他词汇安居工程：Housing Project for low-incoming families春运：transport during the Spring Festival挪用公款：to embezzle public funds划时代的事件：epoch-making event各级政府部门：governments at all levels绳之以法：to bring somebody to justice优惠政策：a favorable policy腐败现象：corruption phenomen

11、on实事求是，脚踏实地：to come down with both feet给以高度重视：to attach high importance to社会保障体系：social security system2022/9/1018其他必背经典表达（一）就而论：As far asis concerned众所周知：As everybody know/It is well-known that俗话说：As the saying goes可以肯定地说：It can be said with certainty that人们普遍认为：It is generally recognized that毫不夸张地

12、说：It is hardly too much to say that必须承认/强调/指出:It must be admitted/emphasized/pointed out that.对此事的另一种考虑是：Another special consideration here is that由可看出：As seen fromthat就此我们同意：As this point we agree that2022/9/1019其他必背经典表达（二）然而，困难在于：However, the difficulty lies in不论怎样：However that may be从广义/狭义上说：In a

13、 broad/narrow sense就此而论：From this point of view因此，我们断言：Hence, we conclude that而且我们认为：Further, we hold opinion that可以肯定：It may be confirmed that因此，我们有理由相信：Therefore, we have the reason to believe that所以我们懂得：Thus we are given to understand that为此：With this end in view2022/9/1023图表作文通用句式（一）1. The table

14、 shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto 该表格描述了从年至年间数量的变化。2. The bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram depicts/illustrate/reveals that 该柱状图/圆形图/树形图展示/描述/揭示了3. The number ofremained steady, stable from (month, year) to (month, year) (月，年）至（月，年）的数量基本不变。4. The number sharply went up to数字急剧上

15、升至图表作文通用句式（二）5. The figures peaked at/bottomed outin 数目在达到顶点/跌至低谷6. There is an upward trend in the number of 数字呈上升趋势。7. From the bar chart, it can be clearly seen that 从图表看，可以清晰地发现8. There is a sharp contrast between 在之间有明显的对比。9. According to the graph above, a safe prediction could be 从上图中可以得出一个准确

16、的预言。2022/9/10242022/9/1025话题作文通用句式（一）1. Thanks to Chinas reform and opening -up policy,has witnessed great economic and social progress in the past two decades. 由于中国的改革开放 政策，在过去二十年里见证了巨大的社会经济进步。 2. With the rapid (marked, amazing, eye-catching, remarkable, fantastic) development (progress, growth, a

17、dvance, improvement) of economy (society, industry, living standard), great changes have taken place in 随着经济（社会，工业，生活水平）快速的（显著的，惊人的，令人瞩目的，卓越的）发展（进步，增长，提高），发生了巨大变化。2022/9/1026话题作文通用句式（二）3. We are now entering a brand new era. The 21st century is a time of advanced scientific and technological knowled

18、ge. 我们正在进入一个崭新的时代，21世纪是先进科技知识的时代。 4. With the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention. 随着日益迅速的经济全球化和城市化，更多的问题受到我们的关注。5. A recent report released by the government has caused nation-wide repercussions (echoes).政府最近发布的一份报告在全国引起了反响。话题作文通用句式

19、（三）6. Nowadays more and more people begin to realize (be aware of, notice) the importance (significance, seriousness) of the problem of education (pollution, unemployment). 现在越来越多的人开始认识到（注意到）教育（污染，失业）问题的重要性（意义，严重性）。7. We often find ourselves caught (involved) in a dilemma whether we should reach for

20、 the bears paw or for the sharks fin 我们常常发现自己陷入一个进退维谷的境地：是取熊掌还是鱼翅2022/9/10272022/9/1028正文段通用句式 （一）1. Obviously,like anything else, have more than one face. While they are indispensable to mankind, they also bring us serious problems.显然，就像任何事情一样，也是多方面的。当它们对人类来说是必不可少的时候，它们同样也给我们带来了严重的问题。2. As the prov

21、erb goes: “ Every coin has its two sides.”is no exception. 正如谚语所说“每个硬币都有两面”，也不例外。3. The social and economic advances, the quickening of living tempo and the ever increasing competition are deemed as the main contribution to社会经济的进步、生活节奏的加快和日益激烈的竞争对起了重要作用。2022/9/1029正文段通用句式 （二）4. It will have (exercis

22、e, exert, produce, bring about) a decisive (profound, far-reaching, disastrous, unfavorable) effect (influence, impact) on 这将对产生（带来）决定性的（意义深远的、灾难性的、不利的）后果（效果、影响）。5. Though it has brought mankind merits, some undesirable side-effects have gradually come to the surface. 尽管它给人类带来了好处，但一些副作用也渐渐表现出来。6. Ob

23、viously, it has its drawbacks (disadvantages, negative effects) as well as merits ( advantages, positive effects). 显然，它既拥有优点（长处、积极的作用），也有弊端（短处，消极的作用）。正文段通用句式 （三）7. The side-effects ofhave produced on us can be boiled down to three major ones.对我们产生的副作用归纳起来主要有三个。8. It demonstrates a universal law that

24、一个很好的例证就是9. The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that 让我印象深刻的最显著的特点是10. There is considerable evidence in favor of有相当多的证据支持 2022/9/10302022/9/1031结尾段通用句式1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely arrive at (draw, come to, reach)the conclusion that从以上所讨论的来看，我们可以得出以下的结论2. Ta

25、king into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the moral that 全盘考虑所有的因素，我们可以得出这样的教训3. To conclude my essay, I would like to quote an old saying “”我想引用一句古语 “”来结束我的文章。4. It is urgent(important, necessary) that appropriate (effective, proper) actions (measures, steps, methods) be taken

26、to end (correct, improve)采取适当的（有效的，合适的）措施（行动，步骤，方法）去消除（纠正，改进)是迫切的（重要的，必要的）。2022/9/1034应用文段落框架应用文申请信求职信投诉信建议信推荐信2022/9/1035申请信开头：1. I would like to apply for admission to your college 2. Im writing to apply for the scholarship that 3. Your advertisement makes me unable to wait to write this applicati

27、on for the post because I think I have the qualifications you are seeking.结尾：1. Looking forward to your favorable reply. 2. I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my applications. 3. If any scholarships are available, I would appreciate it if you would send me the necessary appl

28、ication forms. 4. I hope my academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.2022/9/1036求职信开头：1. I (have)learned fromthat there is a vacancy for you are employingI am wrting this letter to submit my application forIn reply your advertisement in, I beg to apply for

29、the post of in your company.I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of you have advertised on 结尾：1. Enclosed is my resume for further information. 2. I would be very grateful if you grant me a personal interview. 3. I hope I may be pleased to attend for an i

30、nterview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.2022/9/1037投诉信开头：1. Im writing to inform you that Im dissatisfied with 2. I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid the I have to make a complaint about 3. Im writing to express my disappointment/dissatisfaction/

31、concern about/with中间：1. The reason for my complaint lie upon the following points. 2. The reasons why Im angry are as follows.结尾：1. I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible. 2. I trust you will take my complaint seriously and 3. I must have you fully understand that without a satisfying solution, I will reserve my right to take legal action. 希望你完全明白，要是没有满意的解决方案，我将采取必要的法律手段。2022/9/1038建