(完整)2019年高考英语全国1卷(附答案)

1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语全国I卷（全卷共12页）-（适用地区：河北、河南、山西、山东、江西、安徽、湖北、湖南、广东、福建）注意事项：律.一1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。_2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。线圭h3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。密_第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）2-做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试姓一卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。-第一节

2、（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）班二-听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项E-中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有丄0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅车_读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。线封例：Howmuchistheshirt密.B.C.答案是C。_1.WheredoesthisconversationtakeplaceInaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.r-2.WhatdoesJackwanttodoC.15years.C.Disappointed.C.Retirefromwork.C.Businessadministra

3、tion.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakersColleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversationShemightwantaticket.Sheislookingfortheman.Shehasanextraticket.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白

4、读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness10years.B.13years.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJamessituationA.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。WhathasKatesmotherdecidedtodoA.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.WhatdidKatesmotherstudyatcollegeA.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.WhatisKatesattitudetowardhermother

5、sdecisionA.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听第8段材料，回答第至13题。WhatisthemandoingChairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjobA.Herwidereading.B.Herleadersguidance.C.Herfriendshelp.WhowillMarytalkaboutnextA.Herteacher.B.Herfather.C.Hermother.听第9段材料

6、，回答第14至17题。WhydoesthemanseldomdoexerciseA.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydoA.Hesanathlete.B.Hesaresearcher.C.Hesajournalist.WhydoesthewomanspeakofastudyA.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.Howmuchtimewillthemanp

7、robablyspendexercisingweeklyA.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。WhatdidthescientistsdototheroadTheyrepairedit.Theypaintedit.TheyblockeditWhyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurfaceA.Itswarm.B.Itsbrown.C.Itssmooth.WhatisthepurposeofthescientistsexperimentTokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.

8、Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANeedaJobThisSummerTheprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastu

9、dentGotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.W

10、hoiseligible:Youth1518yearsoldinselectcommunities（社区）.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged1529,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipY

11、outhRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacr

12、osstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompanyItrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.Itallowsonetowork

13、inthenaturalenvironment.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram-18.-24.-29.-17.WhichprogramfavorsthedisabledA.JobsforYouth.SummerCompany.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.ForCanaanElementaryssecondgradeinPatchogue,.,todayi

14、sspeechday,andrightnowitsChrisPalaezsturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthesnervous.Kmheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould.should.Christripsonthe-Id,apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley

15、,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.Votefor.me.Exceptforsomestumbles,.Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupon

16、toread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.Ittakesalotforanystudent,Whaleyexplains,especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,Idontknow,butIwantto

17、know/Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.Boasti

18、ngaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,Whaleysays,isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.WhatmadeChrisnervousTellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordstumblesinparagraph2refertoImproperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D

19、.Sillyjokes.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaleysprojectisto.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsassessstudentspublicspeakingskillspreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsinspirestudentsloveforpoliticsWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacherA.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.Asdataandidentitytheft

20、becomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物狐！量）technologieslikefingerprintscanstokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartk

21、eyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,andbyextension

22、,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedtoregardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypethew

23、ordtouchfourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarke

24、tinthenearfuture.WhydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboardToreducepressureonkeys.ToimproveaccuracyintypingToreplacethepasswordsystem.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.WhatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossibleComputersaremucheasiertooperate.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.Typingpatterns

25、varyfrompersontoperson.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.WhatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboardA.Itllbeenvironment-friendly.C.Itllbemadeofplastics.WhereisthistextmostlikelyfromA.Adiary.B.AguidebookItllreachconsumerssoonItllhelpspeeduptyping.Anovel.D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementarysch

26、ool（小学）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-explo

27、redsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikablesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenth

28、eresthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinsteinsstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,aremostlikelytoengage（从事）indangerousandrisk

29、ybehavior.Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）.Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedth

30、atwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,opennesscarryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinstein

31、cametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,hesaid.WhatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschoolA.Unkind.B.Lon

32、ely.C.Generous.D.Cool.isthesecondparagraphmainlyaboutTheclassificationofthepopular.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.WhatdidDr.PrinsteinsstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkidsTheyappearedtobeaggressive.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.Theyenjoyedth

33、ehigheststatus.Theyperformedwellacademically.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextBeNiceYouWontFinishLastTheHighertheStatus,theBetterBetheBestYouCanMakeItMoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYouWeallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto

34、gooutandgetsomefreshair.Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.32Iftheairyourebreathingiscleanwhichitwouldbeifyoureawayfromthesmogofcitiesthentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowi

35、ngevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（治愈）.38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabetterm

36、ood（情绪）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.迪Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesunsrayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminDbutstillprotectyours

37、kinputonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthatsplentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbadaysworthofVitaminD.Freshaircleansourlungs.SowhatareyouwaitingforC.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.evidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems（生态系统）inthespaceAnothersidebenef

38、itofgettingfreshairissunlight.ButisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaidJustasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyy

39、earabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43_ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,Im44abouttheplaceotherdestinationsaredescribedaspurernaturalexperiences.However,Isoon4

40、5thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isntreachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualpl

41、acesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,_54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（砾石）,s

42、tonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeaceIfoundtheoppositetobetrue.41.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring42.A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reporters43.A.positionB.age

43、C.faceD.name44.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy45.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate46.A.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stones47.A.remoteB.quietC.allD.clean48.A.newB.specialC.significantD.necessary49.A.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingaway50.A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight51.A.stu

44、diedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded52.A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose53.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials54.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.givingwayto55.A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits56.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add57.A.villageB.desertC.roadD.lake58.A.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.Consequ

45、entlyD.Finally59.A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificial60.A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,

46、andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62_（poor）studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64

47、（perform）consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65（report）increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66（believe）thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70（be）stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间