2013年职称英语考试综合类C级真题及参考答案

1、 2013年职称英语考试综合类C级试题及参考答案一、词汇选项Theoddthingwasthathedidntrecognizeme.A.strangeB.realC.wholeD.sameHewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attractedTheframeneedstobestrongenoughtosupporttheengine.A.structureB.bottomC.surfaceD.topWefoundshelterfromtherainunderthetrees.A.de

2、fenseB.standingC.protectionD.roomWehavetochangethepublicsperceptionthatmoneyiseverything.A.sightB.beliefC.interestD.pressureItseemedincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.A.rightB.obviousC.unbelievableD.unclearThiswasanunexceptionallybrutalattack.A.cruelB.openC.suddenD.direct“Thereisnootherchoice,

3、”shesaidinaharshvoice.A.firmB.softC.deepD.unkindShegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.A.offensiveB.worriedC.sleepyD.anxiousIgrabbedhisarmandmadehimturntolookatme.A.threwB.seizedC.brokeD.stretchedTrafficreachesitsrushhourbetween8:00and9:00inthemorning.A.borderB.goalC.peakD.levelThatperformancewasprettyimpr

4、essive.A.completelyB.beautifullyC.veryD.equally精选文库 Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.A.foundbychanceB.passedbyC.tookanoticeofD.wokeupItriedtodetachmyselffromtherealityoftheseterribleevents.A.bringB.putC.setD.separateIhavelittleinformationasregardsherfitnessforthepost.A.atB.withC.fromD.

5、about参考答案：ADACBCADABCCADD第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。KickingtheHabitWhatisabadhabit?Themostdefinitionisthatitissomethingthatwedoregularly,almostwithoutthinkingaboutit,andwhichhassomesortofnegativeconsequence.Thiscon

6、sequencecouldaffectthosearoundus,oritcouldaffectuspersonally.Thosewhodenyhavingbadhabitsareprobablylying.Badhabitarepartofwhatmakesushuman.Manyearlyhabits,likesuckingourthumb,arebrokenwhenweareveryyoung.Weareeithertoldtostopdoingitbyourparents,orweconsciouslyorsubconsciouslyobservethatothersdonothav

7、ethesamehabit,andwegraduallygrowoutofit.Itiswhenweintentionallyorunintentionallypickupnewhabitsinourlaterchildhoodorearlyadulthoodthatitbecomesaproblem.Unlesswecanbreakthathabitearlyon,itbecomesapartofourlife,andbecomes“programmed”intoourbrain.Arecentstudyofhumanmemorysuggeststhatnomatterhowhardwetr

8、ytochangeourhabits,itistheoldwaysthattendtowin,especiallyinsituationswherewearerushed,stressedoroverworked.Habitsthatwethoughtwehadgotridofcansuddenlycomeback.Duringthestudyprogramme,theresearchersshowedagroupofvolunteersseveralpictures,andgavethemwordstoassociatewiththem.Theythenshowedthevolunteers

9、thesamepictureagain,andgavethemnewwordstoassociatewiththem.Afewdayslater,thevolunteersweregivenatest.Theresearchersshowedthemthepictures,andtoldthemtorespondwithoneofthewordstheyhadbeengivenforeachone.Itcameasnosurprisethattheiranswersweresplitbetweenthefirstsetofwordsandthesecond.Twoweekslater,they

10、weregiventhesametestagain.Thistime,mostofthem精选文库精选文库 onlygavethefirstsetofwords.Theyappearedtohavecompletelyforgottenthesecondset.Thestudyconfirmsthattheresponseswelearnfirstarethosethatremainstrongestovertime.Wemaytrytochangeoutways,butafterawhile,theresponsethatcomestomindfirstisusuallythefirston

11、ewelearned.Themorethatresponseisused,themoreautomaticitbecomesandtheharderitbecomestorespondinanyotherway.Thestudythereforesuggeststhatovertime,ourbadhabitsalsobecomeautomatic,learnedbehavior.Thisisnotgoodnewsforpeoplewhopickupbadhabitsearlyinlifeandnowwanttochangeorbreakthem.Evenwhenwetrytoputnew,g

12、oodintentionsintopractice,thosepreviouslylearnedhabitsremainstrongerinmoreautomatic,unconsciousformsofmemory.Boysusuallydevelopbadhabitswhentheyareveryyoung.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedWecanonlybreakbadhabitsifotherstellustodoso.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedBadhabitsmayreturnwhenweareunderpressure.A.Righ

13、tB.WrongC.NotmentionedResearchersweresurprisedbytheanswersthatthevolunteersgaveinthefirsttest.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedThevolunteersfoundthetestmoredifficultwhentheydiditthesecondtime.A.RightB.WrongC.NotmentionedThestudysuggeststhatitismoredifficulttorespondtowhatwelearnfirst.A.RightB.WrongC.Notm

14、entionedIfwedevelopbadhabitsearlyinlife,theyarehardertogetridof.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned参考答案：ABABCBA第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。PedestriansOnlyTheconceptoftraffic-freeshoppingareasgoesbackalongtime.DuringtheMid

15、dleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountriestoallowpeopletoshopincomfortand,moreimportantly,safely.Asfarbackas2,000yearsago,roadtrafficwasbannedfromcentralRomeduringthedaytoallowforthefreemovementofthepedestrians（行人），andwasonlyallowedinatnightwhenshopsandmarketshadclosedforthed

16、ay.Inmostothercities,however,pedestrianswereforcedtosharethestreetswithhorses,coachesand,later,withcarsandothermotorizedvehicles.Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetwasborninEuropeinthe1960s,whenbothcitypopulationsandcarownershipincreasedrapidly.Dirtygasesfromcarsandtherisksinvolvedincrossingtheroad

17、werebeginningtomakeshoppinganunpleasantanddangerousexperience.Manybelievedthetimewasrightforexperimentingwithcar-freestreets,andshoppingareasseemedthebestplacetostart.Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.Theybelievedthatsuchamovewouldbebadforbusiness.Theyarguedthatpeoplewouldavoidedstreetsifthe

18、ywereunabletogettothemintheircars.WhenthefirststreetsinEuropewereclosedtotraffic,therewereevennoisydemonstrations,asmanyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.However,researchcarriedoutafterwardsinseveralEuropeancitiesrevealedsomeunexpectedstatistics.InMunich,CologneandHamburg,visitorstoshopping

19、areasincreasedby50percent.OnCopenhagensmainshoppingstreet,shopkeepersreportedsalesincreasesof25-40percent.ShopkeepersinMinneapolis,theUSA,weresoimpressedwhentheylearntthisthattheyevenofferedtopayfortheconstructionandmaintenancecostsoftheirowntraffic-freestreets.Withthearrivalofthetraffic-freeshoppin

20、gstreet,manyshops,especiallythosesellingthingslikeclothes,foodandsmallerluxuryitems,prospered.Unfortunately,itwasntgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances（电器actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.Manyofthesewereforcedtomoveelsewhere,awayfromthecitycentre.Paragraph1_B_Paragraph2_A

21、_Paragraph3_D_Paragraph4_E_AneedforchangeAnideafromancienthistoryPopularityofonlineshoppingFacingprotestfromshopownersIncreaseinsalesandcustomersAnexperimentthatwentwrongTraffic-freeshoppingstreetsfirstdevelopedin_EInthe1960s,dirtygasesfromcarsmadeshopping_D_精选文库精选文库 Shopkeepersmistakenlybelievedtha

22、tcar-freestreetswouldkeepaway_DThearrivalofthetraffic-freeshoppingstreetmademany_F_losetheirbusiness.pedestriansNorthAmericacustomersabadexperienceMiddleEasterncountriesfurnituresellers第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇TheDevelopmentofBalletBalletisadanceformthathas

23、alonghistory.Thefactthatitsurvivestothisdayshowsthatithasadjustedastimeshavechanged.BalletbeganintheroyalcourtsduringtheRenaissance.Atthattimeitbecamecommonforkingsandqueens,aswellasothernobility（贵族），toparticipateinpageantsthatincludedmusic,poetry,anddance.AstheseentertainmentsmovedfromtheItaliancou

24、rtstotheFrenchones,courtladiesbeganparticipatinginthem.Thoughtheirlongdressespreventedmuchmovement,theywereabletoperformelaborate复杂的）walkingpatterns.Itwasnotuntilthe1600sthatwomendancersshortenedtheirskirts,changedtoflatshoes,andbegandoingsomeoftheleapsandturnsperformedbymen.Itwasalsointhe1600sthatp

25、rofessionalballetbegan.KingLouisXIVofFrance,himselfadevoteddancer,foundedtheRoyalAcademyofDance.Thefivebasicfeetpositionsfromwhichallballetstepsbeginwerefinalized.Inthelate1700sanotherimportantchangeoccurred.Balletbegantotellastoryonitsown.Itwasnolongersimplydancetobeperformedbetweenactsofplays.Elab

26、oratewigs（假发）andcostumeswereeliminated.Bytheearly1800sdancerslearnedtoriseontheirtoestomakeitappearthattheywerefloating.ClassicalballetasweknowittodaywasinfluencedprimarilybyRussiandancing.TheRussiansremainedinterestedinballetwhenitdeclinedinotherEuropeancountriesinthemid-1800s.Oneofthemostinfluenti

27、alfiguresoftheearly20thcenturywasSergeiDiaghilev.Hisdancecompany,theBalletsRusses,broughtanewenergyandexcitementtoballet.Oneofhischiefassistants,GeorgeBalanchine,wentontofoundtheNewYorkCityBalletin1948andtoinfluencenewgenerationsofdancers.Thispassagedealsmainlywith.famousnamesinballetRussianballetho

28、wballethasdevelopedwhyballetisnolongerpopularTheword“pageants”inParagraph2means.dancesB.instructionC.royalcourtsD.bigshowsProfessionalballetwasfirstperformedin.FranceB.ItalyC.RussiaD.AmericaWhohadanimportantinfluenceonearlyballet?BalanchineB.LouisXIVC.AntoinetteD.Diaghilevwecanconcludefromthispassag

29、ethatballet.willcontinuetochangeisadyingartiscurrentlyperformedonlyinRussiaisoftenperformedbydancerswithlittletraining参考答案：CDABA第二篇AnExpensiveMistakeIstherewaterontheplanetMars?IstherelifeonMars?WasthereeverlifeonMars?ScientistsfromNASAwantedtoknowtheanswerstothesequestions.Theybuiltaspacecrafttotra

30、velaroundMarsandgetinformation.ThespacecraftwascalledtheMarsClimateOrbiter.TheMarsClimateOrbiterleftforMarsonDecember1998.Thetriptooknineandahalfmonths.Atfirst,everythingwasfine.However,whentheOrbitergotnearMars,somethingterriblehappened.Thespacecraftdidntgototherightplace.ItwenttooclosetoMars.Itwas

31、toohotfortheOrbiterthere.Thespacecraftcouldntfunctioncorrectly.Suddenly,itstoppedsendingmessagestoNASA.TheOrbiterwaslost.Howcouldthisterriblethinghappen?HowdidtheOrbitergetclosertoMarsthanthescientistsplanned?Finally,theyfoundtheanswer.TwoteamsofscientistsworkedtogetherontheOrbiter.OneteamwasinEngla

32、nd,andoneteamwasintheUnitedStates.Thereweremanysimilaritiesinthewaytheyworked,buttherewasoneimportantdifference:Theteamsuseddifferentguidelinesformeasuringthings.TheUnitedStatesteamusedthemetricsystem(公制).TheotherteamusedtheEnglishsystem.Becausetheyuseddifferentsystems,thescientistsmadeamathematical

33、mistake.TheOrbitersorbit(theshapeandpatternofitspath)aroundMarswasnotcorrect.ThescientistsputtheOrbiteronthewrongpath.TheOrbitergottoocloseandtoohot,anditstoppedfunctioning.Whydidntanybodyseethemistakebeforeitwastoolate?Manythingscontributedtotheproblem.OnethingwasthatNASAscientistsandmathematicians

34、wereworkingontwootherspacecraftsatthesametime.Thiswasachallenge,andtheywereverytiredfromworkinglonghours.TheMarsClimateOrbitercost$94milliontobuild.ItalsocostalotofmoneytotrytofindthelostOrbiterinspace.Inaddition,NASAsresearchonthecauseoftheproblemwasveryexpensive.Thiswasntthefirsttimethattwodiffere

35、ntmeasurementsystemscausedmistakesinscientificprojects.However,theMarsClimateOrbiterwasdefinitelythemostexpensivemistakeofall!NASAbuilttheMarsClimateOrbitertogetinformationabout.possiblelifeonMarsthesizeofMarstheshapeofMarstheatmosphereofMarsHowlongdidittaketheOrbitertogetclosetoMars?OneyearLessthan

36、oneyearAbouttwoandahalfyearMorethanthreeyearsWhendidtheOrbitersproblembegin?RightafteritleftforMarsWhenitgotnearMarsRightafteritlandedonMarsD.WhenitreturnedtoEarthWhatcausedtheOrbitersproblem?Scientistsusedwrongguidelinesofmathematics.Scientistsusedwrongbuildingmaterials.Scientistsuseddifferentopera

37、tingsystems.Scientistsuseddifferentmeasurementsystems.WhydidntNASAscientistsidentifytheproblembeforetheOrbiterleftforMars?TheydidntknowtheEnglishsystem.Theyweresureofthesuccessofthetrip.Theydidntgetenoughresearchfunding.D.Theyweretiredfromworkinglonghours.参考答案：ABBDD第三篇OperationMigrationIfyoulookupat

38、theskyintheearlyfallinthenorthernpartofNorthAmerica,youmayseegroupsofbirds.Thesebirdsareflyingsouthtoplaceswheretheycanfindfoodandwarmthforthewinter.Theyaremigrating（迁徙）.Theyoungbirdsusuallylearntomigratefromtheirparents.Theyfollowtheirparentssouth.Inoneunusualcase,however,theyoungbirdsarefollowings

39、omethingverydifferent.Thesebirdsareyoungwhoopingcranes,andtheyarefollowinganairplane!ThewhoopingcraneisthelargestbirdthatisnativetoNorthAmerica.Thesebirdsalmostdisappearedinthe1800s.By1941,therewereonlyabout20cranesalive.Inthe1970s,peoplewereworriedthatthesecreatureswereindangerofdisappearingcomplet

40、ely.Asaresult,theUnitedStatesidentifiedwhoopingcranesasanendangeredspeciesthattheyneededtoprotect.Someresearcherstriedtohelp.Theybegantobreedwhoopingcranesinspecialparkstoincreasethenumberofbirds.Thisplanwassuccessful.Therewerealotofnewbabybirds.Asthebirdsbecameolder,theresearcherswantedtoreturnthem

41、tonature.However,therewasaproblem:Theseyoungbirdsdidnotknowhowtomigrate.Theyneededhumanhelp.In2001,somepeoplehadacreativeidea.TheyformedanorganizationcalledOperationMigration.Thisgroupdecidedtouseverylightairplanes,insteadofbirds,toleadtheyoungwhoopingcranesontheirfirsttripsouth.Theypaintedeachairpl

42、anetolooklikeawhoopingcrane.Eventhepilotsworespecialclothingtomakethemlooklikecranes.Thecranesbegantotrusttheairplanes,andtheplanworked.Today,planesstillleadbirdsacrossapproximately1,200miles(1,931kilometers),fromtheUnitedStates-CanadianbordertotheGulfofMexico.Theyleavethebirdsatdifferentsites.Ifatr

43、ipissuccessful,thebirdscantravelontheirowninthefuture.Then,whenthesebirdsbecomeparents,theywillteachtheiryoungtomigrate.ThepeopleofOperationMigrationthinkthisistheonlywaytomaintainthewhoopingcranepopulation.OperationMigrationworkswithseveralotherorganizationsandgovernmentinstitutes.Together,theyassi

44、sthundredsofcraneseachyear.However,someexpertspredictthatsoon,thiswontbenecessary.ThankstoOperationMigrationanditspartners,thecranepopulationwillcontinuetomigrate.Hopefully,theywontneedhumanhelpanymore.Whoopingcranesmigrateinwinterto.findwarmthandfoodraisebabywhoopingcranesgethumanhelplayeggswhoopin

45、gcranesarenativeto.A.NorthAmericaMexicoSouthAmericathePersianGulfOperationMigrationaimsto.A.teachadultcraneshowtoflybreedcranesinspecialparksleadyoungcranesontheirfirsttripsouthtransportcranestotheNorthThedistancecoveredbytheyoungwhoopingcranesontheirtripsouthis.A.120miles1,931miles1,200miles2,000mi

46、lesIfOperationMigrationissuccessful,whoopingcraneswill.A.learntomigrateontheirownfollowairplanessoutheveryyearliveinCanadaallyearroundbeunabletoflyback参考答案：AACCA第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容讲其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。ADoctorintheHouseBrushingyourteethtwiceadayshouldkeepthed

47、entistaway.Butifagroupofscientificresearchershavetheirwish,itwillmaketherestofyourbodyhealthytoo._F(46)Itisoneofmanygadgets(小装置)proposedbyengineersanddoctorsattheCenterforFutureHealthinNewYorkothersincludeapairofglassesthathelptojogyourmemory,andahomecameradesignedtocheckforcancer.Thedevicesseemfanc

48、iful,butthebasicprinciplesaresimple.Thegadgetsshouldmakeiteasyforpeopletodetectillnesslongbeforeitstrikesandsoseektreatmentfarearlierthannormal._D(47)Inthelongrun,thetechnologymayevenpreventillnessbyencouragingustoleadhealthierlives.Intelligentbandages(绷带)areagoodexample.Powerfulsensorswithintheband

49、agecouldquicklyidentifytinyamountsofbacteriainawoundanddeterminewhichantibiotics(抗生素)wouldworkbest._C_(48)Socksarelongoverdueforamakeover.Inthefuturetheywillbeabletoautomaticallydetecttheamountofpressureinyourfootandalertyouwhenanulcer(溃疡)iscomingup.Alltheprojectsshouldhavefar-reachingimplications,b

50、utthebiggestsingledevelopmentisamelanoma(黑瘤)monitordesignedtogiveearlywarningsofcancer._A_(49)Ifaproblemisfound,thesystemwouldadviseyoutogetacheck-upatyourdoctorssurgery.Ifallthissoundtroublesome,thenhelpisathand._E_(50)AstandardcomputerwouldbeabletounderstandyourvoiceandanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptomsinplainEnglishandinawaywhichwouldcalmyournerves.Thedevicecouldbeusedtotakeapictureofyourbodyeachweek,thencompareitwithpreviousimages.Thatisgoingtobethedifficultpart.Thecutcouldthenbetreatedinsta