2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit3DiverseCultures课件新人教版必修第三册

1、UNIT 3DIVERSE CULTURES核心单词阅读词汇1.gumbo n.秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)2.nachos n.pl.墨西哥玉米片3.chip n.(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片4.cheese n.干酪；奶酪5.spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的6.ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的7.downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心8.graffiti n.(pl.)涂鸦；胡写乱画9.china n.瓷；瓷器10.jazz n.爵士乐11.bar n.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子12.diagram n.简图；图解；图表；示意图13

2、.Atlantic adj.大西洋的14.poetry n.诗集；诗歌；诗作15.jeans n.牛仔裤16.boot n.靴子17.mushroom n.蘑菇；蕈18.accessory n.配饰；附件；配件19.tai chi n.太极拳20.clothing n.衣服；服装21.herbal adj.药草的；香草的高频词汇1._ n.传教(区)；重要任务；使命2._ n.地区；区域missiondistrict3._ adv.以后；后来afterwardsseek4._ vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求5._ vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得6._ n.日志；日记；报

3、纸；刊物7._ vt.& n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言8._ n.一系列；连续；接连seriesearnjournalclaim9._ n.少数民族；少数派；少数人minority10._ vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱escapesupersouvenir11._ adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的12._ n.纪念物；纪念品13._ n.百分率；百分比climate14._ n.气候mildmaterialitem15._ adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的16._ n.材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的17._ n.项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)per

4、centage拓展词汇1.diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的_ n.差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性diversityfortunatefortunately2.fortune n.机会；运气_ adj.幸运的；吉利的_ adv.幸运地；幸亏_ adj.不幸的3.admit vi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)_ n.接纳；准许入内；承认；入场券unfortunateadmission4._ adv.肯定；确实_ adj.明确的；肯定的define vt.给下定义；确定的界限definitedefinitely5._ vi.发生；出现occurrence n.发生；出现ic n.

5、连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的_ n.喜剧；喜剧片occurcomedy7.history n. 历史；历史学_ adj.( 有关) 历史的_ n.历史学家；史学工作者historicalhistorian8._ n.( 外来) 移民；外侨immigrate v.( 从外地)移居；移民immigrantselection9.select vt.选择；挑选；选拔_ n.选择；挑选；选拔10._ adj.财政的；财务的；金融的finance n.财政；金融financialpoisonousfold11._ adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的poisonn.毒物；毒药

6、；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害12._ vt.包；裹；折叠vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平unfold v.打开collect13.collection n.作品集；收集物；收藏品_ v.收集；采集14.settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)_n.定居；安定_ n.定居者settlementsettler15._ n.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构construct vt.建筑；构筑；建设construction16.suit vt.适合；满足需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装_ adj.适合的；适宜的suitablecontain17._ vt.包含；含有；容

7、纳container n.容器18.neat adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的_ adv.整洁地；整齐地neatly联想积累【派生构词】1.poisonous(名词形容词后缀ous形容词)dangerous 危险的advantageous 有利的2.admit(ts)sion(动词名词后缀-sion名词)permit(ts)sion 允许submit(ts)sion 提交【合成构词】afterwards(副词名词新副词)eastwards 向东southwards 向南westwards 向西northwards 向北重点短语1._ to (朝)前进；(向)去head2.seek ones _

8、寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3.earn _ living 谋生fortunea4.series _ 一系列或一连串(事件)5._ from 除了外(还)；此外apartof6.bring _ 导致；引起7.to name _ a few 仅举几例8.varieties _各种各样的9.(at) first _ 第一手；亲自10.turn._.把变成intoofaboutbuthand精选佳句教材原句livinghere1.Many of the people _ _ are from Mexico orCentral America.许多生活在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。句式结构句式 1：动名词

9、(短语)作后置定语教材原句Whatstarted2._ _ as a residential area for Chineseimmigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方，后来变成了中华文化的中心。句式结构句式 2：what 引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语教材原句manyofwhom3.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnicChinese, _ _ _ do not speak Englishfluently.唐人街的大多数

10、居民仍然是华人，他们中的许多人英语说得并不流利。句式结构句式 3：“不定代词of关系代词”引导定语从句教材原句spendhoursexploring4.Visitors can also _ _ just _ theinteresting sights, smells, and sounds of China.游客还可以花几个小时来探索中国有趣的景色、气味和声音。句式结构句式 4：spend一段时间(in) doing sth.课文复现The Chinatown in San Francisco is the 1._ (big) inAmerica, and also the oldest.T

11、he climate is mild all year round,meaning it is always a good time to visit.Now ， the majority2._ residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, andmany of them do not speak English 3._ (fluent).Thisallows visitors 4._ (experience) a real taste ofChina.Visitors can spend hours just 5._ (explore) t

12、heinteresting sights, smells, and sounds of China.The stores in thebiggestoffluentlyto experienceexploringChinatown offer 6._ unique range of 7._(souvenir) ， goods, and clothing.All kinds of traditional Chinese8._ (herb) medicine can be found, too, and there areChinese tea stores, where visitors can

13、 taste and buy a 9._(various) of Chinese tea.But perhaps 10._ many touristsand San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is itsfood.There is Chinese food to suit everyones taste, with traditionaldishes from all over China.asouvenirsherbalvarietywhat单句语法填空diverse1.Society is now much more _ (dive

14、rsity) than everbefore.folding2.He stood by the window, _ (fold) his arms andlooking into the dly3.“I think youve made a mistake，” he said _ (mild).4.The whole experience was _ (definite) morepositive than negative.definitely5.We seek _ (improve) relations between our twocountries.to imp

15、rove6.Users advance through the program by answering _series of question.afinancialpoisonous7.The _ (finance) crisis has brought new factors intoplay.8.In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of_ (poison) insecticides.9.There was a _ (collect) of books and shoes on thefloor.collect

16、ionitems10.Volunteers formed a human chain to rescue precious_ (item) from the burning house.1.fortune n.机会；运气【原句】 Fortune cookie (教材 P27)幸运曲奇【典例】At the age of 16, he went to the UK to seek his fortune.16岁时，他去英国寻找他的财富。We believed that it was the only way to make a fortune. 我们相信这是唯一的致富之道。It was fortu

17、nate that the lost painting was recovered at last.很幸运，丢失的画最后还是找回来了。【归纳】seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气make a fortune 发财try ones fortune 碰运气【拓展】(1)misfortune n.不幸；厄运(2)fortunate adj.(lucky)幸运的be fortunate to do sth.幸而做某事(3)fortunately adv.幸运地(luckily)(4)unfortunate adj.不幸的(5)unfortunately adv.不幸地【即学即用】单句语法

18、填空fortunate(1)If youre _ (fortune) enough to have success ，youshould put something back.Fortunately(2)_ (fortunate) ， the helicopter flew overhead andnoticed poor Jane.to have(3)I was fortunate _ (have) a good English teacher inmiddle school.完成句子，每空一词madehisfortune(4)一开始， 巴菲特凭借投资来赚钱。From the beginni

19、ng, Buffet _ _ _from investing.2.admit vi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)【原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to beback in the city again.(教材 P28)我不得不承认，再次回到这个城市的确感觉很好。【典例】She apologised to me and admitted taking/having takenmy umbrella by mistake.她向我道歉并承认错拿了我的伞。The narrow windowsadmit little ligh

20、t into the room.窗户狭窄， 只有少量光线可以照进房间。 You will not be admitted to the theatre after theperformance has started.演出开始后不许进入剧场。【归纳】admit doing/having done sth.承认做了某事admit sb./o/to.允许某人/物进入；成为中的一员be admitted to/into 被(某校)录取；允许进入【点津】其后只接动名词作宾语的动词还有：keep, delay, enjoy,practise, finish, imagine, suggest, advi

21、se, escape, miss, consider,mind 等。【拓展】admission n.进入；入场费；承认make an admission that.承认/招认【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)I must learn as much as I can to be admitted _ agood medical college，where I can prepare myself well enough forthe job of a doctor.to/intostealing/having stolen(2)She apologised to me and admitted _

22、(steal) my wallet yesterday.写出下列句中 admit 的中文含义(3)I dont really like the author，although I have to admit hisbooks are very exciting._承认准许进入(4)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium admits visitors from 9 ：30a.m.until 6：00 p.m._(5)The dining hall to be completed next month can admit1，000 students._容纳3.occur vi.发

23、生；出现【原句】 And what a citya city that was able to rebuilditself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.(教材 P28)多么好的一座城市啊，一座在 1906 年地震后能够自我重建的城市。【典例】A good idea occurred to me while I was watching TV. 我看电视时想到了一个好主意。 It neveroccurs to him that he should make such greatsuccess in teaching career.他从来没

24、有想到他会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。词组用法occurvi.可指某事偶然发生， 可与 happen 互换， 但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时， 用 occur, 后接介词 to【归纳】sth.occur(s) to sb.某人想到；浮现在某人的脑海中It occurs to sb.to do/that 从句某人想到(做)某事。【辨析】occur, happen, take place 与 break out词组用法happenvi.特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”，要用 sth.happen(s) to sb.; happen to do sth.表示“碰巧做某事”take pla

25、ce多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生， 比如举办活动、发生变化等break out多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态(续表)【拓展】表示“某人想到”常用的句型还有：It strikes/hits sb.that 从句， It flashes/dawns on sb.that 从句。【即学即用】单句语法填空occurredto(1)Years ago，a critical event _ (occur) in my life thatwould change it forever.(2)For many people，the idea of in

26、heriting cultural legacy hasnever occurred _ them.句式改写，每空一词itoccurredtomethat(3)When I got home ，I suddenly remembered that I had leftmy book in the classroom.When I got home，_ _ _ _ I had left my book in the classroom.4.settle vt.解决(分歧)；确定；安排好vi.和解；定居【原句】 Historically，Chinese immigrants settled in

27、the areaduring the railroad construction and gold rush period.(教材 P32)历史上，在铁路建设和淘金热时期，中国移民在这里定居下来。【典例】We must settle on a place to meet.我们必须定好见面的地点。I tried tosettle the crying babydown, but in vain.我试图使啼哭的婴儿安静下来，但没有用。I must settle down to finishing the term paper this morning.我今天上午必须着手认真完成学期论文。【归纳】s

28、ettle down (使)平静下来；(使)稳定；定居settle down to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事；着手(做)某事settle in/into.迁入(新居)；习惯于settle on/upon 选择；选定【点津】表示“着手做某事”的常用短语还有：settle down to doingsth., go down to doing sth., set out to do sth., set about doing sth.,undertake to do sth.等。【拓展】(1)settlement n.安顿；定居点；解决；协议(2)settler n.移民；殖民者(

29、3)settled adj.习惯的；固定的【即学即用】单句语法填空in(1)People settle _ these places because they are easyto get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.(2)Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see their daughter settle_， get married, and have kids.(3)The trial period was over ， and I could settle down to_ (buil

30、d) a closer contact with the apes.(4)It is said that the first _ (settle) of this country areprisoners.settlerssettlement(5)We look forward to your _ (settle) at an earlydate.downbuilding5.suit vt.适合；满足需要；相配；合身 n.西服；套装【原句】 There is Chinese food to suit everyones taste，withtraditional dishes from all

31、 over China.(教材 P32)这里有适合每个人口味的中餐，有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。【典例】A good speaker is always trying to suit his speech to hisaudience.一个好的演说家总是试图让自己的演说适合听众的口味。Realising that drama might be moresuited to me, Momtook me to a drama teacher.意识到戏剧可能更适合我，妈妈把我带到了一个戏剧老师那里。She was wearing a black trouser suit.她穿着一套黑色衣裤装。【归纳】

32、suit ones need/taste 满足某人的需要/适合某人的口味suit sth.to sth./sb.使某物适合某物/某人be suited for/to.适合做；对适宜(to 为介词)suit sb.(fine)(很)合某人的意；对某人来说(很)合适a suit of 一套词汇用法suit多指式样、颜色等方面合乎某人的需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配fit多指大小、形状的合适【辨析】 suit, match 与 fitThe hat doesnt suit her，for one thing it doesnt fit because

33、ofits size; for another its color doesnt match her charming face.这顶帽子不适合她；一方面在大小上不合适，另外一方面颜色和她那充满魅力的脸庞也不协调。【拓展】(1)suited adj.般配的；合适的(2)suitable adj.适当的；相配的；恰当的be suitable for.适合于be suitable to do.适合做【即学即用】用 suit 的适当形式填空suitsuitablesuits(1)I must have this _ cleaned.(2)The house is not really _ for a

34、 large family.(3)The colour of red _ her well, and she looks betterin red.完成句子，每空一词(4)尽管有些人也许会认为电影院太吵了，但它适合萨莉的情形。issuitableforAlthough some may think the cinema is noisy ，it _ _ Sallys condition.1.head to (朝)前进； (向)去【原句】 In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum thatshowed the historical changes

35、in California.(教材 P28)下午，我前往当地一家展示加州历史变迁的博物馆。【典例】Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out ontothe streets.我像个孩子一样快乐，骑上自行车，跑到街上。 It is not clear how many of them will head back to SaudiArabia tomorrow.尚不清楚他们当中有多少人明天将折回沙特阿拉伯。After the game, the fans headed for the exit.比赛结束后，球迷们向出口走去。【点津】

36、head to 和 head for 都有“(朝)前进； (向)去”的意思。【归纳】head to/for(朝)前进； (向)去head back to 返回head out 离开【即学即用】单句语法填空outfor/toto(1)Im going to head _ in five minutes.(2)Every year more than 10 ，000 people head _ thecity of Albuquerque, New Mexico.(3)If it rains, we will head back _ our hotel quickly.2.bring about

37、导致； 引起【原句】 What do you think brought about the culturaldiversity？(教材 P29)你认为是什么导致了文化多样性？【典例】 Mencius father died when he was young, and he wasbrought up by his mother.孟子很小的时候， 他父亲就去世了，母亲把他抚养成人。His work brings him in 1，000 dollars a month.他每月有1000 美元的工作收入。The outbreak of African swine fever last year

38、 has broughtdown the breeding stock of pigs in China.去年非洲猪瘟的爆发使得我国的生猪养殖数量下降。【归纳】bring in 引进；赚得；带进来bring out 出版；阐明；使表现出bring up 养育，抚养；提出；呕吐bring back 带回；使想起bring down 降低；减少【点津】除 bring about 外，常见的表示“引起，导致”的词语还有：cause, result in, lead to, contribute to 等。【即学即用】用适当的介词或副词填空(1)Recent changes in the Intern

39、et will help bring _overall improvements.aboutup(2)Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought_ by her aunt.(3)The government is trying to bring _ the housingprice now.downback(4)The kindness of strangers has done much to bring_ my faith in humanity.3.apart from 除了外(还)；此外【原句】Apart from

40、being the kingdom of flowers，it is hometo many ethnic minority groups.( 教材 P29) 云南除了是花的王国以外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。【典例】 Apart from the construction mentioned above, you havealso learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。The road was empty except for a few cars. 除了几辆汽车外，路上空荡荡的。Will there be anyone e

41、lse we know at the party besides Willand Janet? 除了威尔和珍妮特，派对上还有我们认识的人吗？You can have any one of the cakes except this one. 除了这一块，你可以吃任何一块蛋糕。词组用法apart from既可以表示 besides 的含义，也可以表示 except 或except for 的含义besides“除了之外还有”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于 in addition to/as well asexcept“除了之外”，指从同类的人或物中排除except for表示从整体情况来看，要

42、排除其中的部分特殊情况【辨析】apart from, besides 与 except for【即学即用】except选词填空(besides/except/except for/apart from)(1)All the students took part in sports meeting _Tom.besidesExcept forApart from(2)We need three more chairs _ these two.(3)_ the ending, its a really good film.(4)_ good service, the restaurant offe

43、rsdifferent kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.1.What started as a residential area for Chineseimmigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(教材P32)早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。【剖析】 本句是主从复合句。what 用作连接代词，引导主 语 从 句 What started as a residential area for Chineseimmigrants，并在从句中作主语，整句话的谓语是 tur

44、ned into。【典例】(2021新高考 I 卷语法填空)What is so breathtaking aboutthe experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。(主语从句) (2020 浙江卷 语法填空)Over thousands of years, theybegan to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from thewild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they

45、had sown.几千年来，他们开始减少对野外狩猎和采集的依赖，而更多地依赖于自己饲养的动物和自己播种的庄稼。(宾语从句)The village is no longer what it used to be. 这个村庄不再是过去的样子了。(表语从句)I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道下一步我们该做什么。(同位语从句)【点津】(1)当 what 用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，除了可引导主语从句外，还可引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(2)what 在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“的东西/样

46、子/事情/地方/时间等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。【辨析】what 和 that 引导名词性从句的异同：that 引导名词性从句时不可省略(宾语从句除外)、不作成分、没有词义；what 引导名词性从句时不可省略、作成分、有词义。【即学即用】单句语法填空what(1)The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and allthe other students wondered _ the boy would do.(2)The number of the graduates choosing

47、 to work and live inbig cities has declined, one third of _ we expected.完成句子，每空一词what(3)我们所知道的是，烟草含有尼古丁和其他有害产品，所以你应该戒烟。Whatisknowntousis_ that tobacco contains nicotine (尼古丁) and otherharmful products, so you should give up smoking.2.Visitors can also spend hours just exploring theinteresting sights

48、, smells, and sounds of China.( 教材 P32) 游客还可以花几个小时来探索中国有趣的景色、气味和声音。【剖析】 本句是一个简单句。主语是Visitors，谓语是 canspend，hours 是宾语，使用了“sb.spend一段时间(in) doingsth.”句型，表示“某人花费一段时间做某事”。【典例】 (2021新高考 I 卷完形填空)The son of a grocer, hed spent the summers of his childhood delivering food inBenardsville, New Jersey.作为一个杂货商的儿

49、子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝纳兹维尔送外卖。(2021全国甲卷语法填空)It took us about 3 hours to goall the way around the Xian City Wall.我们花了大约 3 个小时走了一遍西安城墙。He paid $2，000 for his new computer.他花了 2，000 美元买他的新电脑。It costs a lot to buy all the furniture.买这些家具要花很多钱。词汇结构例句spend“sb. spend 时间(in) doing/onsth.”或“sb. spend 钱数on(doing) st

50、h.”He spent two years in writing thebook.他花了两年时间写完这本书。I spend about 150 yuan on booksevery month.我每月大约花 150 元买书。takeit takes(sb.)时间to doIt takes us 3 months to finish the job.我们花 3 个月的时间来完成这项工作。【辨析】 spend, take, pay 与 cost词汇结构例句paysb.pay金钱for物Can you believe I had to pay 30dollars for a haircut ？你能相

51、信我理发居然花了 30 美元吗？cost物cost( sb.) 钱数The book cost (me) 8 dollars. 这本书花了(我) 8 美元。(续表)【即学即用】单句语法填空to dolookingon(1)It took me two hours _ (do) the cleaning.(2)Charlie spent much time and energy _ (look) afterhis sick mother and his brother.(3)I spend about 50 pounds a month just _ books.【题目】假如你是李华，请你给某英

52、文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们的首都北京。要点如下：1.基本概况：人口约 2，000 万，面积 16，000 多平方千米，位于华北平原北部；2.气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥；3.历史与文化：有 3，000 多年的历史，是我国的政治、文化中心，有很多著名大学，如清华大学、北京大学等；4.交通与旅游：交通便利，有天安门广场、故宫、长城等很多旅游景点。注意：1.词数 80 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear editor，I am writing to introduce our capitalBeijing，_Thats all.Thank you!Yours sincerely，Li Hua参考范文：Dear editor，I am writing to introduce our capital Beijing, which has apopula