中考英语知识点最新2022

1、第 PAGE9 页 共 NUMPAGES9 页中考英语知识点最新2022中考英语知识点宾语从句1.语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：(1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who, what, which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?The small children dont know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知

2、道袜子里有什么东西。I dont know which belongs to my father.(2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.教师问我们房间里有多少人。(3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接

3、词有：who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?(4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what, which, how many, how much, how等。如：D

4、o you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。2.连接词(1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。(2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：I dont know if /whether he still lives here

5、after so many years.但在以下情况下只能用whether：在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether(ifor not也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether /if he will e or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will e)I dont know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I dont know whether or not he does any washing.)I wonder whether w

6、e stay or whether we go.在介词之后用whether。如：Im interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担忧是否伤了她的感情。在不定式前用whether。如：He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。I dont know whet

7、her to go.我不知去否。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.这是否真的我说不上来。引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whether she will e or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。 假

8、设用if会引起歧义时，那么用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为：a. Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。B. If you like the book, please let me know.你假设喜欢这本书，请告诉我。(3)假设宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?初中英语中考知识结果状语从

9、句(1)结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其构造是: “.so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。例如：He w

10、as so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。假设是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He ha

11、d such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种构造是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important matc

12、h that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)假设名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.初中英语知识非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词

13、和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。1. 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。例:The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例:The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式

14、和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语说明you不是post动作的执行者。)4.在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的构造中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例:This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).5. 在too to构造中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例:This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.6. 在there be句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，