2023版高三一轮总复习英语（人教版）：课时分层作业9

1、PAGE PAGE 14课时分层作业(九).阅读理解A(2021大连市双基测试卷)Volunteer OpportunitiesVolunteers are a vital part of our mission of providing highquality environmental educational programmes for the local youth, Hudson River research, and community events. We are currently seeking volunteers for the following positions：E

2、ducation AssistantAssist education staff with everyday school work, afterschool environmental clubs and community group visits every Wednesday afternoon.Marsh (沼泽) AssistantHelp maintain riverfront marsh on Thursdays and Saturdays. Work on occasional marsh repairs including the removal of foreign sp

3、ecies of plants and the cleanup of rubbish. (Seasonal)Research AssistantParticipate in water quality monitoring, the sea life study, and other projects as they are developed. Eight hours each week on workdays.Aquaria (水族馆) AssistantProvide care for the centers collection of aquatic wildlife includin

4、g tank maintenance and animal feeding at the weekend.Volunteer positions are available throughout the year！Previous experience is not required.Training will be provided upon the start of volunteer service.For more information about our volunteer programmes as well as singleday volunteer events, call

5、 (914)3771900 or visit www.centerfortheurbanriver. org.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个志愿者工作教育助理、沼泽助理、研究助理和水族馆助理。1What does the Education Assistant need to do?AHelp with school routine.BGive lectures after school.CCoach students in sports clubs.DVisit poor students communities.A细节理解题。根据Education Assistant部分

6、中的“Assist education staff with everyday school work”可知，教育助理需要协助教职工做好学校的日常工作，故A项正确。2If you are busy on weekdays, which volunteer position is probably suitable for you?AEducation Assistant.BMarsh Assistant.CResearch Assistant.DAquaria Assistant.D细节理解题。根据Aquaria Assistant部分中的“Provide care for.at the we

7、ekend.”可知，水族馆助理需要在周末上班，故适合工作日较忙的人，所以D项正确。3Whats required to be one of the volunteers?AWorking experience.BAcademic training.CConcern for the environment.DAroundtheclock availability.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Volunteers are a vital part of our mission of providing highquality environmental educational programme

8、s”可知，志愿者需要关爱环境，故C项正确。B(2021唐山市模拟演练)If a president, a philosopher, and one of the bestselling writers credited the same secret with their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? In fact, you probably do it every day. Heres what Friedrich N

9、ietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and perish(死亡)”Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking an

10、d producing ideas. A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outsidecompared with on a treadmill (跑步机)produces the most novel and highestquality ideas.The movement aspect of walking is obvious

11、ly key. Our creative thinking is triggered (触发) by physical movement，which is exactly why walkingwith your dog, a friend, or alonefeeds creative thinking.The scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Breaking your routine with a walk can be a catalyst for fresh understanding of problems or projec

12、ts. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a treefilled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being in

13、side, youre more likely to be lifeless, which means you dont have enough energy to wonder or create things.So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking? Involve yourself more closely in your surroundings. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chanc

14、e to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move, etc.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在户外散步更能激发人的创造力。4How does the author introduce the topic?ABy providing background.BBy borrowing phrases from great minds.CBy giving definition.DBy presenting wellknown ex

15、amples.B推理判断题。根据第一段中三位名人所说的名言(表述由散步产生的想法有价值及散步的重要性)，并结合本文主题(散步有益于激发创造性思维)可知，本文通过引用名人名言引出本文主题。故B项正确。5The underlined word in paragraph 4 means something .Acausing a changeBstopping progressCdrawing attentionDinterrupting creativityA词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句可知，如果你想打开思维去迎接新的可能性，那么你需要走出去，离开你熟悉的环境和你的舒适区。结合画线词所在的句子可以

16、判断，用散步打破你的常规可以促使你对问题或项目产生新的理解。据此可推知，A项正确。6What can we learn from the passage?ANature exploration improves fitness.BWalking on a treadmill brings more energy.CWorking indoors makes people less creative.DFamiliar surroundings encourage novel ideas.C推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“Being inside.or create things”可知，在室内时，你

17、更可能没有活力，这意味着你没有足够的能量去琢磨或创造东西；据此可以推断，在室内工作，人们的创造力更弱，故C项正确。7What can be a suitable title for the text?AExercise in NatureBTrain Your BrainCDevelop Your CreativityDWalk for WonderD标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第二段第一句“Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking and producing ideas.”是全文的主旨句，结合全文内容

18、可知，本文主要说明了户外散步能激发人的创造力，故D项适合作为本文标题。C(2021盐城市统一考试)As a CEO of a startup, you get used to hearing “no”. You also face an endless continuation of what feels like shocking crises, like nearly running out of cash, losing a key customer，discovering a widespread product failure, or having to shut down oper

19、ations because of a global pandemic. But it turns out that these disasters can actually be good for you. In fact, Im not sure whether you can innovate without them. Heres what all our crises have taught me.Its good to be uncomfortable. We once had a key customer requesta battery capability that wed

20、never developed before.The customer made it clear that if we couldnt develop this capability, theyd be less confident in our product. We wrestled with the risks, not least of which was the potential embarrassment if we couldnt meet the customers needs. We knew wed face many technical problems if we

21、tried to go into operation. Yet we decided to try to satisfy the customer, even if it wasnt obvious at first how we could get it done. A few weeks later we delivered something beyond what the customer had asked for, and weve since grown this capability into a powerful sales tool and potential revenu

22、e streamnot to mention it strengthened our relationship with the customer.Shortterm failure is good. A few years ago, our company began to expand our manufacturing output in response to a customers need. In the process we discovered something unusual we hadnt seen during smallerscale production. Our

23、 team dived into failure analysis, and we finally put the problem down to a single material within the battery. Wed used this material for years, but now we needed a replacement. Once we made that change, the battery quality and reliability greatly improved.Its okay to show weakness. One of my harde

24、st days as a CEO was the day when I found out I was pregnant. We were in the middle of raising a funding round, and I had been travelling nonstop for a year. Until that day, I had assumed that my role as a CEO was to display strength and confidence. With the mounting pressure I was harder on myself

25、than I needed to be, and now I had the added stress of being pregnant. I decided to acknowledge to my team that I was breaking down. They united together and found ways to operate more smoothly and communicate more effectively, supporting me to focus my time on our most pressing goals. This gave me

26、not only the space to plan for the companys future, but also to prepare for my own new normal: leading the company while becoming a firsttime mother.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作者作为首席执行官，从自己公司出现的危机中得到的一些感悟。8What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 1 refer to?AFrequent rejections.BFinancial crises.C

27、Global pandemics.DEndless disasters.D代词指代题。根据第一段第二、三句，特别是第三句“But it turns out that these disasters can actually be good for you.”可知，在公司运营过程中有各种危机，但是这些灾难实际上对你是有益的。结合画线词所在的句子可知，画线词指代的是无穷无尽的危机/灾难，故D项正确。9What does the author want to convey in paragraph 2?ACustomers requests should be carefully evaluated

28、.BMeeting challenges can bring about extra benefits.CThe company should keep launching new products.DInnovation is the only way to win fierce competition.B写作意图题。通读第二段可知，该段中举了一个事例：客户提出了公司之前并未开发过的一个电池功能，为了满足其要求，公司克服困难并超预期完成了任务，此举不但加强了公司和客户的关系，更把该功能变为强有力的销售工具和潜在的收益流；结合该段第一句“Its good to be uncomfortable

29、”可以判断，作者在该段旨在说明迎接挑战会带来额外的好处，故B项正确。10How does the author prove shortterm failure is beneficial?ABy drawing a comparison.BBy giving an example.CBy challenging assumptions.DBy doing an experiment.B推理判断题。通读第三段可知，该段首句“Shortterm failure is good”为主题句，作者提出“短期的失败是好事”这一观点，接着举例论证：几年前，为了满足客户的需求，我们公司开始扩大生产规模，在此过

30、程中发现了小批量生产中没有发现的问题，对失败进行了分析，找出并解决了问题后，我们生产的电池的质量和可靠性大大提高。故该段是通过举例证明该论点的，故B项正确。11Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?ALearn to let goBMake it as a CEOCThink deep sometimesDMake friends with crisesD标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段尾句“Heres what all our crises have taught me”，以及第二、三、四段首句可知，文

31、章讲了作者从危机中得到的几个感悟，并举例论证了危机能带来好处，故“和危机交朋友”最适合作本文的标题。D(2021扬州市适应性练习)Many older people around the world have at least one common concern: How to get younger people, hooked on their electronic devices, interested in classic literature. Take the Monkey King, or Sun Wukong, as an example. The main characte

32、r in the 16thcentury classic novel, Journey to the West，is a romantic figure of bravery and adventure that charmed millions of readers before the appearance of online attractions.Havoc in Heaven, a new Peking Opera film, attracted the wider public to the glamor of the traditional Chinese performance

33、 art, featuring one of the bestknown chapters from Journey to the West. This film, expected to create a new channel to promote Peking Opera, includes nearly all the key ingredients of Peking Opera.It covers all the basic techniques, more than 10 classic tunes, and makeup for dozens of facial represe

34、ntations of different figures characteristics.Its actually a big challenge to combine Peking Opera and film, each of which has its own rhythm, according to Cheng Lu，director of the film, who is adopting a fresh approach to present the traditional art form. One challenge that Cheng and his production

35、 team faced is how to balance the new approach with maintaining the fundamentals of the art. The basic principles and performance skills in Peking Opera cannot be changed.Some background images on stage, such as a painted waterfall, remain, and a live band was on the set to provide sound for the fil

36、m, rather than employing the prerecorded music.“If we change traditions to cater to peoples taste and preference for a regular film, it will no longer be a Peking Opera piece of art，” Cheng said.On the other hand, some creativity was needed because Cheng and his team did not just want to document a

37、stage performance. Computer technology is also applied to achieve some visual effects and to present impossible scenes.Peking Opera films played a powerful role in the 1960s and 70s, but they gave way to more diverse entertainment. In recent years, there has been a recovery in the popularity of Peki

38、ng Opera films.However, the overuse of special effects in many film adaptations of Peking Opera plays has weakened the original charm of the stage performances. The imagination (enabled by the stage) can never be sacrificed for a films expression.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍导演程箓拍摄的京剧电影大闹天宫旨在通过电影的方式来推广京剧。12Wh

39、at is the purpose of the first paragraph?ATo blame young people addicted to electronic devices.BTo introduce a new Peking Opera film.CTo express older peoples concern about the young generation.DTo arouse readers interest in traditional Chinese performance art.B写作意图题。本文主要介绍了京剧电影大闹天宫的相关内容，而本段以年长的人期望年

40、轻人对经典文学感兴趣来引出西游记中的孙悟空进而在第二段引出本文的话题京剧电影大闹天宫，故B项正确。13What did Director Cheng do while producing the film?AHe made changes to basic performance skills.BHe made use of symbols and motions equally.CHe insisted on a band playing music on the scene.DHe brought onto the stage exact details of real life.C细节理

41、解题。根据第四段中的“a live band was on the set to provide sound for the film，rather than employing the prerecorded music”可知，程箓导演在拍摄影片时让乐队现场演奏，故C项正确。14What innovation did Chengs team make?AThey opposed a rigid recording of the performance.BThey enriched visual effects with modern technology.CThey allowed acto

42、rs to repeat actions before the camera.DThey adopted real explosion scenes during the shooting.B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“some creativity was needed” “Computer technology is also applied to achieve some visual effects and to present impossible scenes.”可知，程箓导演和他的团队创造性地应用了电脑技术来实现一些视觉效果并呈现一些舞台戏剧无法实现的场景，故B项正确。15Wha

43、t can we conclude from the last paragraph?AImagination is a unique charm of Peking Opera films.BTechnology makes up for the loss of stage imagination.CThere is some possibility for a film to replace Peking Opera.DThe original charm of Peking Opera cannot be sacrificed for films.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Howev

44、er，the overuse.a films expression.”可知，过度使用特效会削弱京剧表演原来的魅力，不能为了一个电影的表达而牺牲戏剧带来的想象，由此我们可推断出不能为了电影而牺牲京剧本身的魅力，故D项正确。.阅读七选五(2021山东新高考第一次模拟)Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. 1 Here are some rules

45、 you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible. 2 Sure，you and your friends probably have some similar interests，but thats not always the case.In an effort to keep everyone happy，go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.Have each person categorize

46、 activities or sights into“must see”“want to see”and “would go if we have time”Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.Communicate and respect each other.Everyone has personal preference when travellingfrom getting the bed closest to the bathroom to sitting in t

47、he airplanes window seat.But sometimes things dont go as you like.In this case，share your requirements directly with your travelling companions. 3 Have a conversation when problems arise，for communication is the key.Dont disappear.When travelling with a groupor even just one other personyou may want

48、 to be alone sometime.Thats completely fine，but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. 4 Get off your phone.Of course，your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member，or in the event of a work emergency，but other than that，try to stay

49、off your phone. 5 After all，the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!AGive each other some space.BInclude at least one activity for everyone.CAnd remember that consideration and respect go a long way.DAt the same time，listen to their concerns and be respectful of

50、them.EDont respond to nonurgent work contact or send messages frequently.FIts especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.GSo its important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了和朋友旅行时保持良好关系的技巧旅行计划中要包含每个人的首选旅游胜地、沟通与尊重对方、不要玩消失和放下手机。1G考查上下文衔接。空

51、前一句讲到和朋友旅行可能会是一次极其令人惊喜的经历，也可能终结你们的友谊，空后一句表述这里有一些旅行时和朋友保持良好关系的窍门，因此空处应表述旅行时保持步调一致很重要，因此G项符合语境。2B考查段落主旨句。结合本段中的“Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.”可知，本段主要讲的是旅行计划中要包含一些每个人自己的首选旅游胜地，所以B项适合作本段的主旨句。3D考查上下文衔接。根据本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是沟通与尊重对方。根据空前一句中的“share your requirem

52、ents directly with your travelling companions”和语境可知，D项与此处匹配。这里表示与旅伴直接诉说要求的同时也要聆听他们的忧虑之处，尊重他们。4F考查上下文衔接。结合本段的主旨句可知，本段主要讲的是不要玩消失。结合空前一句中的“make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you”和常识可知，F项符合语境。此处表述在外国和陌生的地方尤其要确保朋友知道你在哪里并能联系上你。5E考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲的是不要碰手机。结合空前一句中的“but other t

53、han that, try to stay off your phone”和空后一句可知，E项符合语境。此处讲的是不要回复不紧急的信息，尽可能远离手机，毕竟这种旅行对人们的吸引力就是和朋友们在一起。.完形填空(2021湖南省名校大联考)Melbourne GirlsCollege is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.Starting next Monday，the college wil

54、l gradually 1 all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the yard， 2 1,400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes.Volunteer students will 3 daily noncompulsory food inspections in which students bringing “zero waste” lunch boxes will be 4 .Students u

55、sing only 5 packaging will receive a token to win prizes such as cups.The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill(废物填埋场) via their home bins， 6 the new policy will help persuade 7 to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers.Most issues around carrying rubbish home，such as smell and mess，can be solved. 8 tuna(金枪鱼) in a tin，for example，can 9 the schools compost(堆肥) bin and the tin can be 10 before its taken home.The c