考点13-推理判断之推断文章走势-讲考点-胸有成竹（教师版）

1、考点13-推理判断之推断文章走势-讲考点-胸有成竹【2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之推断文章走势考点是高考中可能考的考点。在当今高考的新改革时代，考查 学生的预测推断是新课标中的要求，但在高考中出现的不多。全面备考是万全之策。预测在 2023高考中，推断文章走势有可能在高考阅读理解中呈现。【推理判断之预测推断题考点指南】规律方法： 常见的设问方式：What will be discussed further in the coming paragraph?What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph?. Wh

2、at would the author most probably discuss next?Where does the article go next?What would the following paragraph talk about? 规律方法：如何解决预测推断题？有些题目要求根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜想推理。做 此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件开展的经过描写，也可能按因 果关系、比照关系来表达，从而做出比拟科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章 最后一段的内容及最后几句话。考例分析：【广东省茂名市五校联盟2021-2022学

3、年高三上学期第二次联考】Hello!” You type into the chat box. Theres a slight feeling of excitement flowing through your fingers, and you cant wait for a reply. You think, “Theres probably nothing more exciting than this.”With communication from all comers of the world possible at the ease of your fingers, we are

4、 now witness to an advanced form of the hand shake and physical conversations: online friendships.Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thi

5、nking it doesnt cause concern. And though some parents may be biting their fingernails in fear right now, more than half of the youth have admitted to making their friends online and a good majority regularly text them.Though the statistics are daunting, we hope, we havent scared you off! Researcher

6、s actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. Penn State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond with their peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.Additionally, onlin

7、e interaction may increase your self-confidence. In our current situation of isolation, perhaps that perfect connection from the safety of our homes is all it takes to make things just a little more bearable.In the end, it all depends on you. Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies

8、in your approach, and though Im not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the BFF of your dreams.What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. The youth often meet online friends in reality.B , Most Internet users like texting to their online friend

9、s.C. Many parents like biting fingernails when worried.D. Most young adults lack awareness of Internet safety.Which can replace the underlined word daunting in Paragraph 4?A. Disappointing.B. Misleading.C. Frightening.D. Dissatisfying.Whats the authors attitude to making friends on the Internet?A. O

10、bjective.B. Supportive.C. Negative.D. Unclear.What do you think the text will talk about next?A. How to get on well with online friends.B. How to find online best friends.C. How to keep in touch with online friends.D. How to benefit from dream online friends.【答案】1. D2. C3. A4. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过场景描写引

11、入本文话题网上交友。首先陈述了很多 年轻人网上交友的现状以及家长对此的担忧，然后通过一个研究证明，网上交友也是有益的。 1.推理判断题。根据第三段中Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause co

12、ncern.（据“网络平安 101”调 查显示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担忧的户可推断，大多数年轻人 缺乏互联网平安意识。应选D。2.词句猜想题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identi

13、fication online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause concern.（据“网络平安 101”调 查显示，令人担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担忧的户以及画线词后文“we hope, we haven11 scared you off!俄们希望我们没有把你吓跑）”可知，数据说明大多数年轻人 缺乏互联网平安意识，可见这些数据是令人害怕的。A. Disappointing.令人失望的；B. Misleading.误导的；C. Frightening.

14、令人害怕的；D. Dissatisfying.令人不满意的。应选C。.推理判断题。根据第三段中Alairningly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have received upsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58 percent thinking it doesnt cause concern.（据“网络平安 101”调 查显示，令人

15、担忧的是，近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不快的信息，其中92%的人 曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息，58%的人认为这没什么可担忧的广以及第四段中 Researchers actually found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. Penn State University reported that this was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond with th

16、eir peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.（研究人员实际上发现，追求网络友谊可能是有益的。宾夕法尼亚州立大学报告称， 这对那些有社交焦虑的人来说尤其如此，因为他们可能会通过屏幕与同龄人形成更强的舒适 联系，而不是面对面的见面）”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了网上交友的缺点和优点，表述 客观，无明显个人情感倾向，所以是客观的。应选A。.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies in your approach, a

17、nd though Fm not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in your exploration for the BFF of your dreams.（你寻找朋友的过程是否有结果取决于你的方法，虽 然我不是一个很好的人际关系专家，但我有一些建议可以帮助你探索你梦想中的“最好的朋 友”）”可推知，文章接下来会给出一些关于如何在网上找好朋友的建议。应选B。【试题精练】1.【河北省邯郸市十校2021-2022学年高三上学期期末联考】Restricting meals to early in th

18、e day did not affect weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes, according to research presented at the American Heart Associations Scientific Sessions 2020.“We have wondered fbr a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body uses and stores energy,said study a

19、uthor Nisa M. Maruthur, associate professor of medicine in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasnt clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of day of eat

20、ing.”Maruthur and the colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants （90%） were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time restricted eating pattern, limiting eating to specific hours of t

21、he day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals provided for the study. Weight and blo

22、od pressure were measured at the beginning of the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressureregardless of when they ate. We thought that the time restricted group would lose more weight J Maruthur said. Yet

23、that didnt happen. We did not see any differences in weight loss fbr those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and th

24、ey will be compiling this information with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin and other hormones and making analyses on the findings. Together, these findings will help us to more fully understand the effects of time-restricted eating on cardiome

25、tabolie health J Maruthur said.1. What made the study different from earlier ones?A. Participants5 age.C. The number of participants.2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?The research procedure.C. The research purpose.Participants9 daily eating time.D. The research members.B , The research result.D. T

26、he research institution.3 . What can we learn from the study?A. Blood pressure is connected with eating time.B , Absorbing less calories earlier makes for weight loss.Eating time determines the effect of losing weight.Taking in calories earlier doesnt impact weight loss.What may the researchers do n

27、ext according to the last paragraph?A. Stop research.B. Announce findings.C. Analyze data.D. Write essays.【答案】1. B2. A3. D4. C【解析】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究说明，能量摄入时间的早晚对减肥没有什 么影响。文章介绍了研究过程以及研究的发现。.细节理解题。根据第二段中“In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of day of eating.(在这项研究中，我们唯一改变的是一天中吃饭的时间广可知

28、，参与者每日进食时间让 这项研究与之前的研究不同。应选B。.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Maruthur and the colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants (90%) were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time restricted eating pattern, l

29、imiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals p

30、rovided for the study. Weight and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study, then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.（ Mamthur 和他的同事在一项为期 12 周的 研究中跟踪了 41名超重的成年人。大多数参与者（90%）是患有糖尿病前期或糖尿病的非 裔美国女性，平均年龄为59岁。21名成年人遵循时间限制饮食模式，限制在一天的特定时 间内进食，在下午1点前摄入80%的卡路里。剩下的20名参与者在12小时的时间段内照 常进食，在12周的时间里，下

31、午5点后摄入的热量占每日摄入热量的一半。所有的参与者 都食用为研究提供的相同的预先准备好的健康食物。在研究开始时测量体重和血压，然后在 4周、8周和12周测量体重和血压广可知，第三段主要讲的是研究过程。应选A。.推理判断题。根据第四段中“We thought that the time restricted group would lose more weight J Maruthur said. Yet that didnt happen. We did not see any differences in weight loss for those who ate most of thei

32、r calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either/XMaruthur说：“我们认为有时间限制的那组人会减掉更多的体重。然而 这并没有发生。我们没有看到那些在一天的早些时候和晚些时候摄入大局部卡路里的人在减 肥方面有任何区别。我们也没有看到对血压有任何影响。”户可推知，早吸收卡路里不会影 响减肥。应选D。.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers are now collecting more detailed information o

33、n blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will be compiling this information with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin and other hormones and making analyses on the findings.（研究人员目前正在收集有关24小时内记录的 血压的更详细信息，他们将把这些信息与一项关于限时进餐对血糖、胰岛素和其他激素影响 的研究

34、结果结合起来，并对研究结果进行分析）可推知，研究人员下一步可能分析数据。故 选C。2.【江苏省常州市2021届高三调研】On the way to his home the child turned many times and beat the dog,declaring with childish gestures that he held him in contempt（茂视）as an unimportant dog.the dog apologized for being this quality of animal and expressed regret in fine form

35、,but he continued stealthily to follow the child.When the child reached his door-step,the dog was a few yards behind,moving slowly toward him.He became so anxious with shame when ho again faced the child that he forgot the dragging rope . He tripped（绊彳到） upon it and fell forward.The child sat down o

36、n the step and the two had another interview. During it the dog greatly exerted himself to please the child. He performed a few playful jumps with such abandon（尽情 士也）that the child suddenly saw him to be a valuable thing. He made a swift,greedy charge（猛冲） and seized the rope.He dragged his captive（俘

37、虏）into a hall and up many long stairways in a dark building. The dog made willing efforts, but he could not walk very skillfully up the stairs because he was very small and soft,and at last the pace of the child grew so energetic that the dog became panic-stricken. In his mind he was being dragged t

38、oward somewhere unknown. His ayes grew wild with the terror of it. He began to wiggle his head wildly and to brace his legs.The child redoubled his efforts.They had a battle on the stairs.The child was victorious because he was completely absorbed in his purpose,and because the dog was very small.He

39、 dragged his acquirement to the door of his home,and finally with victory across the doorway.No family member was in.The child sat down on the floor and made overtures to（向示好） the dog.These the dog instantly accepted.He smiled with affection upon his new friend.In a short time they were firm and abi

40、ding（矢志不渝的）comrades.1 . What might have happened before the first paragraph?The child had wanted to own the dog for a long time.The dog had been someone elses pet but lost his way.The child had been looking for the lost dog for a long time.The dog had been driven out of home by the childs family.What directly made the boy change his mind?A. The dog*s apology.B , His first interview with the dog.C. His pity on the dog.D. The dog*s pleasing performance.Wh