中考英语总复习 第1篇 基础考点夯实 八下 Units 1-3讲义 人教新目标版

1、第一篇 基础考点夯实八年级(下)Units 13高频词汇扫描11stomach(n.)_(n.)胃痛；腹痛2foot(n.)_(pl.)足；脚3tooth(n.)_(pl.)牙齿4breathe(v.)_(n.)呼吸5climb(v.)_(n.)登山者；攀登者6knife(n.)_(pl.)刀子7important(adj.)_(n.)重要性8die(v.)_(动名词)_(adj.)死亡的_(n.)死9feel(v.)_(n.)感觉；感触stomachachefeetteethbreathclimberknivesimportancedyingdeaddeathfeeling210satisf

2、y(v.)_(adj.)对满意_(n.)满足；满意11own(v.)_(n.)拥有者12break(v.)_(adj.)破损的；残缺的13train(v.)_(n.)训练；培训14kind(adj.)_(n.)仁慈；善良15interest(n.&v.)_(adj.)有趣的；令人感兴趣的_(adj.)对感兴趣的16depend(v.)_(adj.)依靠的；依赖的_(adj.)独立的；自主的_(n.)独立satisfiedsatisfactionownerbrokentrainingkindnessinterestinginteresteddependentindependentindepend

3、ence317develop(v.)_(adj.)发达的_(adj.)发展中的_(n.)发展；发育；成长18fair(adj.)_(n.)公正性；合理性_(adj.)不合理的；不公正的19ill(adj.)_(n.)疾病_(adj.同义词)_(n.)疾病20lie(v.)_(现在分词)_(过去式)_(过去分词)躺；平躺lie(v.) _ (现在分词) _ (过去式) _ (过去分词)说谎21able(adj.)有才能的_(v.) 使失去能力；使残疾_(adj.) 丧失能力的；有残疾的developeddevelopingdevelopmentfairnessunfairillnesssicks

4、icknesslyinglaylainlyingliedlieddisabledisabled4重点短语归纳51_ a cold(短暂性)_ a cold(延续性) 感冒2have _胃痛3_ down and rest 躺下休息4_ ones temperature 量体温5have _发烧6take _休息7get _下车8_ ones _ 令某人惊讶的是_ surprise惊讶地9_ away at once in a minute/moment 立即；马上catchhavea stomachachelietakea feverbreaks/ a breakofftosurprisein

5、right610_ trouble陷入麻烦11get/be used to _ sth.习惯于；适应于12take _冒险13run _ sth.耗尽某物sth.run _某物用完(了)14cut _切除15_ out of 离开；从中出来16be _ of 掌管；管理17_ up doing sth.放弃做某事18thanks _幸亏；由于19go to a _ /_看医生/牙医get intodoingrisks/ a riskout ofoutoffgetin controlgivetodoctordentist720_ down 摔倒21_ on _ sth.继续或坚持做某事22_ o

6、neself _ sth.做某事伤着自己23_ oneself doing sth.做某事割伤自己24be ready _ sth.准备好做某事；乐意做某事25get _做个X光检查26put some _ on.在上敷药27without _没多想28_ ones life 失去生命29go mountain _去爬山fallkeepdoinghurtdoingcutto doan X-raymedicinethinking twiceloseclimbing830_ up 打扫(清除)干净(代词作宾语放中间)31_ up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来(代词作宾语放中间)32give _分发；

7、散发33_想出；提出(主意、计划、回答)34put _ sth.推迟做某事35hand _分发36call _打电话给(某人)；征召37care for_照顾38_ for参加选拔；试用39_repair修理；安装cleancheeroutcome up withoff doingoutuptake care oflook aftertry outfix up940give _赠送；捐赠41_ afterbe _(外貌或行为)像42_ up 建起；设立43make _ to影响(很大)；有作用44_ up 张贴；公布；搭建45used to _曾经；过去46work _解决；计算出；产生结果；

8、发展47in order _(从句)目的是；为了48in order _ do 目的是；为了49all _频繁；反复awaytakesimilar toseta（big）differenceputdooutthattothe time1050as _ asthe minute一就51_ the rubbish 倒垃圾52depend _依靠；信赖53any _ now 随时；马上54do houseworkdo _做家务55_ sth._ sb.向某人借某物56_ sb.sth._ sth._ sb.把某物借给某人57_ sth._ sb._ sb._ sth.为某人提供某物58_ ill (

9、短暂性) be ill (延续性)生病59spend money/time _ sth.在上花费金钱/时间spend money/time _ sth.花费金钱/时间做某事soontake outonminutechoresborrowfromlendlendtoprovideforprovidewithfallon(in) doing11常用句型精析121Whats the matter with you? (教材P1)Whats wrong with you?Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了？精析：(1)此句型中matter作名词用，其前要加定冠词the。(

10、2)matter还可作不及物动词，“要紧；有关系”，常用于否定、疑问或条件句。 It doesnt matter.没关系。(3)no matter whowhoever; no matter whatwhatever; no matter where wherever引导让步状语从句。132I have a stomachache.我胃痛。(教材P1)精析：(1)患(病)；遭受(病痛)用have：have a cold; have a fever; have a sore back; have a toothache。(2)一部分身体部位的名词加上ache(疼痛)，构成复合名词。如：heada

11、che 头痛；toothache 牙痛。143She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water.昨天她说话太多并没有喝足够的水。(教材P1)精析：(1)此处too much相当于副词，放在动词talked后作状语。如：eat too much; sleep too much。(2)enough 作形容词修饰名词放名词前，如：enough money.enough作副词修饰形容词要后置。如：big enough足够大；brave enough 足够勇敢。be adj. enough to do sth.足够做某事。154I th

12、ink you should lie down and rest.我认为你应该躺下休息。(教材P2)精析：(1) lie(lay, lain, lying) 此处为不及物动词，意为“躺；卧”。【拓展】lie作为不及物动词，意为“撒谎；说谎”，过去式和过去分词均为lied，现在分词为lying。lie作可数名词，意为“谎言；假话”。a white lie一个善意的谎言16(2) rest此处为不及物动词，意为“休息”；rest用作及物动词，意为“使休息”。You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.长时间阅读后你应该让眼睛休息一下。【拓展】r

13、est常作可数名词，意为“休息”。take a rest take a break take breaks休息175At 9：00 am.yesterday, bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.昨天上午9点，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。(教材P3)精析：(1) 此处was going为过去进行时结构。过去进行时由“was/were 现在分词”构成，表示过去某个时间点正在发生或进行的动作。I was

14、 writing a report yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我正在写一份报告。(2) see sb.doing sth.为固定结构，意为“看见某人正在做某事”。I saw him getting on a bus just now.刚才我看到他上了一辆公共汽车。18【辨析】see sb.doing sth.与see sb.do sth.see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行We saw him crossing the road.我们看见他正在过马路。see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，强调动作的整个过程We sa

15、w him cross the road.我们看见他过马路了。196.He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事。(教材P3)精析：get off此处意为“下车”。Never get off while the bus is moving.车在行驶时，切勿下车。20【辨析】get off, get on, get into 与get out ofget off意为“下(汽车、火车、飞机等)”The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman.第一个下车的乘客是一名妇

16、女。get on意为“登上(汽车、火车等)”，后面常跟较大的交通工具。反义词：get offWhen I got on the bus, I saw my teacher sitting there.当我上公共汽车的时候，我看见我老师坐在车上。get into意为“进入(小汽车、出租车、电梯等)”，后面常跟较小的交通工具。反义词为：get out ofHe got into a taxi and left.他上了一辆出租车走了。get out of从(小汽车、出租车、电梯、直升机等)下来She got out of the car and went into the hall.她下了车，然后进

17、入了大厅。217.Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble .许多人因为不想有麻烦而不想帮助别人，这真令人难受(教材P3)精析：(1)此处it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。Its true that I have been to London.我去过伦敦是事实。(2)trouble此处用作不可数名词，意为“问题；苦恼；麻烦”。The less trouble the better.(谚)多一事不如少一事。【拓展】trouble也可作动词，常常带宾语，意为

18、“使苦恼；打扰”。Im sorry to trouble you.对不起，打扰你了。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.(谚)麻烦没来找你，别去自找麻烦。228There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.有许多次阿伦因为事故几乎失去生命。(教材P6)精析：almost副词，意为“几乎；差不多”。nearly意为“差不多；几乎；将近”，差距一般比almost大。如：Hes nearly ready.他快准备好了。【辨析】because

19、 of 与 becausebecause of“因为”，介词短语，后面接名词或代词。I didnt go because of the rain.我因雨未去。because“因为”，连词，引导原因状语从句。He didnt come to school because he was ill.他因为生病了，所以没来学校。239.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。(教材P6)精析：(1) use sth.to do sth. use sth.for doing sth.用某物做某事I use a k

20、nife to cut apples.I use a knife for cutting apples.我用刀子切苹果。(2)knife可数名词，意为“刀”，其复数形式为knives。(3)cut off为固定短语，意为“切除；切断”。When was the telephone cut off？电话什么时候被切断了？【拓展】常见的与cut相关的短语：cut down砍倒，减少；cut up切碎；cut in插入，插话；cut out 删除2410His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mounta

21、ins even after this experience.他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。(教材P6)精析：(1)keep on doing sth.继续做某事【拓展】keep doing sth.继续不停地做某事Keep going until you reach the end of the road.继续走，直到你到了路的尽头。keep sb.doing sth.使某人一直做某事Dont keep your mother waiting.不要让你妈妈一直等着。keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(2)experience此处为可数名词，意为

22、“经历”。用作“经验”时不可数。2511Aron loves mountains climbing and doesnt mind taking risks.阿伦喜欢爬山，不介意冒险。(教材P7)精析：此处mind为动词，意为“介意；在乎”；后面可接动名词作宾语，但不能跟动词不定式。Would you mind parking your car there?你介意把车子停到那边吗？2612The girl could volunteer in an afterschool study program to teach kids.这个女孩可以志愿在课外学习活动小组教孩子。(教材P9)精析：(1)

23、volunteer 动词，意为“志愿做；义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。常见短语：volunteer to do sth.。(2)volunteer作可数名词，意为“志愿者”。2713We cant put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制订计划了。(教材P10)精析：put off意为“推迟”，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今天的事不要拖到明天办。【拓展】由put构成的常用短语有：put away 将收起来put on 穿上；上演put down 放下；记下

24、put out 熄灭；伸出put back 放回原处put up 张贴；搭建2814I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.当我看到动物们(病情)渐好，看到它们的主人脸上的喜悦时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来。(教材P11)精析：(1) feeling此处用作可数名词，意为“感觉；感触”。Ive got a bad feeling.我有一种不好的预感。feel用作连系动词，“觉得；感受到”，后接

25、形容词。(2) satisfaction不可数名词，意为“满意；满足”，其反义词是dissatisfaction。She smiled in satisfaction.她满意地笑了。satisfaction(名词)满意satisfy(动词)使满意 satisfied(形容词)满意的be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意be satisfied with.对感到满意29(3)joy此处用作不可数名词，意为“高兴；愉快”。Life is always full of joy.人生总是充满欢乐。He jumped up with joy.他高兴地跳起来。(4)owner可数名

26、词，意为“物主；主人”。He is the owner of the car.他是这辆车的主人。30【拓展】own形容词，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后以加强语气。I saw it with my own eyes.我是亲眼看见它的。own及物动词，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have。of ones own意为“属于某人自己的”。At last Ive got a big house of my own.我终于有了一栋属于自己的大房子。3115Our class is trying to come up with some ideas to cheer up sick

27、children because they are often sad.我们班正在努力想出一些主意使生病的孩子高兴起来，因为他们经常难过。(教材P12)精析：sick形容词，意为“生病的；有病的”；其反义词为well。【辨析】sick与illsick指“生病”时主要用于英式英语。可作定语也可作表语。表示“恶心”“呕吐”时只用作表语。He is a sick man.他是个病人。He began to feel sick as soon as the ship started to move.船一开动他就想呕吐。ill指“生病”时，主要用于美式英语。只用作表语，一般不作定语。He is ill

28、and stays in bed.他卧病在床。3216.For example, we can make plans to_visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.例如，我们可以制订计划到医院里去看望生病的孩子或者为无家可归的人筹钱。 (教材P12)精析：raise作及物动词，意为“筹集；征集”。They want to raise enough money for building a school.他们想筹集足够的钱来建一所学校。33【拓展】raise的其他用法：作及物动词，意为“举起；抬

29、起”。Please raise your hands! 请举手！作及物动词，意为“种植”。Their family raised a lot of corn.他们家种了很多玉米。作及物动词，意为“饲养；供养”。She likes to raise a dog.她喜欢养狗。3417I want to travel alone.我想独自去旅行。(教材P12)精析：(1)alone作副词，意为“单独地；独自地”。live alone独自生活； leave me alone让我一个人呆着(2)alone作副词，用在名词或代词之后，“只有；仅仅”。He alone understands me.唯有他理

30、解我。(3)alone作形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”。She was alone in the dark room.她单独一人待在那间黑暗的屋子里。35辨析：alone与lonelyHe lives alone but doesnt feel lonely.他独自一人居住，但并不感到孤独。alone“单独的(地)；独自的(地)”，指一个人或事物与其他的人或事物分开，不含感情色彩。He is alone in the classroom.他一个人在教室里。lonely“孤独的；寂寞的；偏僻的”，指人时含有浓重的感情色彩，即因缺少朋友、亲情而产生的一种孤独、悲伤和忧郁的感情。She has fe

31、w friends here and feels lonely.她在这儿几乎没有什么朋友，她感到非常孤独。3618Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out.后来，去年的一天，我的一位朋友帮我摆脱了困境。(教材P14)精析：(1)a friend of mine意为“我的一位朋友”，是一个双重所有格，相当于one of my friends。A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present.我

32、的一个叫保罗的朋友收到他哥哥作为圣诞节礼物送给他的一辆昂贵的小轿车。(2)help sb.out意为“帮助某人摆脱困境；帮助某人解决难题”。Help them out as possible as you can.尽可能地帮助他们摆脱困境。I cant work out this math problem.Please help me out.我做不出这道数学题，请帮我解决。3719You see, Im only able to have a “doghelper” because of your kindness! 你看，正是因为你的仁慈，我才能有一只“导盲犬”！(教材P14)精析：kin

33、dness不可数名词，意为“仁慈；善良”。I cant thank you enough for your kindness.对你的好意我感激不尽。【拓展】类似的由“形容词ness”构成的名词还有：goodgoodness(善良)；happyhappiness(幸福)；illillness(疾病)；sadsadness(悲伤)3820My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。(教材P19)精析：(1) come over 为固定短语， “过来；来访；拜访”。When did you f

34、irst come over to China? 你第一次来中国是什么时候？(2)as soon as“一就”，引导时间状语从句。He left as soon as he heard the news.他一听到这个消息就走了。Ill write to you as soon as I get there.我一到那儿，就给你写信。39(3)【辨析】in front of 与in the front ofin frontof“在的前面”，是指在一定范围外Mary is in front of the car.玛丽在小汽车的前面。in thefront of“在的前部”，是指在一定范围内Cathy

35、 is in the front of the car.凯西在小汽车的前部。4021.Could you lend me some money？你能借给我一些钱吗？(教材P20)精析：lend(lent，lent)及物动词，意为“借给；借出”。常见的短语：lend sb.sth.lend sth.to sb.，意为“借给某人某物”或“把某物借给某人”。其反义词为：borrow。41【辨析】lend，borrow与keeplend“借给；借出”，非延续性动词。强调主语把自己的东西借出去John lent his book to Mary last week.上个星期约翰把他的书借给了玛丽。bor

36、row“借进；借入”，非延续性动词。强调以主语为中心，主语从别人那里把东西借来供自己用Mary borrowed the book from John last week.玛丽上个星期从约翰那儿借了这本书。keep“保持；保存”，延续性动词Mary may keep the book for two weeks.这本书玛丽可以用两个星期。4222.invite my friends to a party邀请我的朋友来参加聚会(教材P21)精析：invite为及物动词，意为“邀请”。invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitatio

37、n，意为“邀请；请帖”。Thank you for your kind invitation.谢谢你的盛情邀请。4323Housework is a waste of their time.家务活浪费他们的时间。(教材P22)精析：(1)短语：a waste of time 浪费时间(2)waste作不可数名词，意为“浪费；废物；垃圾”。I hate waste.我讨厌浪费。(3) waste作形容词，意为“无用的；浪费的；荒废的”。We shouldnt throw waste paper about.我们不应该把废纸到处扔。(4)waste作及物动词，意为“浪费”。People shoul

38、dnt waste food.人们不应该浪费粮食。4424As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他经常生病，成绩下降。(教材P22)精析：(1)as a result为习惯用语，意为“结果；因此”。He didnt work hard, as a result, he failed his exam.他不用功，结果他考试不及格。【拓展】as a result of意为“由于；作为的结果”。Whats the result of this match?这场比赛的结果怎样？(2)此处fall(fell, fallen)为连

39、系动词，意为“进入某种状态；变成”。He was so tired that he fell asleep quickly.他是那么累以至于很快就睡着了。Finally she fell silent.最后她静了下来。45【辨析】fall ill 与 be ill(3)此处drop为不及物动词，意为“下降；降落”。Fruits will drop.果实快落了。Price for meat dropped.肉跌价了。fall ill“生病”，指一时的动作，后面不能接持续性时间状语He fell ill last week.他上个星期生病了。be ill“生病”，指生病的状态，后面可以接一段时间H

40、e has been ill for a week.他生病一个星期了。46【辨析】drop与falldrop“下降；降落”，常作不及物动词，也可作及物动词；指物体由于重力从高处往下落。He dropped the cup.他把杯子弄掉了。fall“下降；落下”，只作不及物动词；指物体由于不明原因或物体本身失去平衡而向下降落，有自然下落的意思Leaves fall in autumn.秋天树叶下落。4725.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好

41、。(教材P22)精析：(1) the earlier., the better.意为“越早，越好”，其结构为：the 比较级，the 比较级，意为“越越”。The faster, the better.越快越好。The more friends you have, the happier youll be.你拥有朋友越多，你就会越快乐。The harder you study, the better grades youll get.你学习越用功，你取得的成绩就越好。(2) independent为形容词，意为“独立的；自主的”。China is an independent country.

42、中国是个独立自主的国家。48考点、易错点演练49考点1They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。(教材P10)解析：used to意为“过去；曾经”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，只表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。be used to do sth. be used forn./v.-ing意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表示目的。get/be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。50

43、The book is used to teach us how to write.这本书教我们如何写作。A stamp is used for sending letters.邮票用来寄信。He is used to eating out all the times.他已经习惯一直在外面吃饭了。My aunt goes to climb mountains every Sunday.Oh? But shehate climbing mountains.Aused toBwas used toCis used to解析：used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，而现在往往不做了； be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”；be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。句意：我的阿姨每个星期天都去爬山。哦？但她过去很讨厌爬山的。答案：A。51考点2The Internet is so closely conne