it教程网wince开发讲义oal

1、Module 5: OEM Adaptation Layer OverviewOAL Architecture Operating System Boot SequenceDeveloping OALRequired OAL FunctionsOptional OAL FunctionsDebugging an OALBuilding the Windows CE KernelImplementing OAL Registry FunctionsPower ManagementImplementing Certification ModelOAL ArchitectureKernel (Mic

2、rosoft Supplied components)HardwareRTC and timerfunctionsPowermanagementfunctionsInterrupt-relatedfunctionsReal-TimeClockDebug functionsAnd/OrKITLEthernetportParallelportSerialportOAL (OEM Supplied components)Operating System Boot SequenceStartUpKernelStart orKernelInitialize (x86)OEMInitDebugSerial

3、OEMInitOEMGetExtensionDRAMSet up hardware Register interrupt for system tickPerform other task to enhance system capabilities Developing OALRequired OAL FunctionsOptional OAL FunctionsDebugging an OALBuilding the Windows CE KernelRequired OAL FunctionsStartupDebug SerialOEMInitOEMInit : An ExampleSy

4、stem TimerSystem Timer : SC_GetTickCountInterrupt ProcessingKernel Input/OutputExample: Custom Kernel IOCTLKITLStartUpFirst function called when target device bootsPurpose is to initialize CPU to known state and to call the kernel initialization function (KernelInitialize for x86 and KernelStart on

5、all other platforms)ARM exampleLEAF_ENTRY StartUp . . .; Initialize CPU to a known state; Set up OEMAddressTable for KernelStart . . .bl KernelStart . . .; KernelStart should never returnDebug SerialOEMInitDebugSerial()Configures Speed, Parity, Stop bit length OEMReadDebugByte()Retrieves a byte from

6、 the debug monitor port OEMWriteDebugByte()Outputs a byte to the debug monitor port OEMWriteDebugString()Writes a string to the debug monitor port OEMInitRequired task is to set up hardware and register interrupt for the system tickISRs and HookInterruptOptional tasks to enhance system capabilities

7、include: Setting up performance counters Enabling debug IO control System Halt Default thread quantum Zeroing memorySetting Up the Interrupt MapDefine a mapping of Interrupt IDsInterrupt IDs are returned by the ISRs to the kernel and are used to link an ing IRQ with a software IST OEMInit : An Examp

8、le Void OEMInit() SetUpInterruptMap(); PCIInitBusInfo(); InitDebugEther(); OEMParallelPortInit() InitPICs(); InitClock(); if (MainMemoryEndAddress = CEPC_EXTRA_RAM_START) MainMemoryEndAddress += IsDRAM(MainMemoryEndAddress, CEPC_EXTRA_RAM_SIZE); pKDIoControl = OEMKDIoControl;System TimerMake sure th

9、e system timer interrupt is registered with the ISRProgram the system timer to generate an interrupt every 1ms.In the system timer ISR, update the global system tick counter CurMSec and CurTicks. If doing interrupt timing return SYSINTR_TIMING, else return SYSINTR_RESCHED.DiffMSec is no longer suppo

10、rted in Windows CE .NETSystem Timer : SC_GetTickCountDWORD SC_GetTickCount(void) #if (CE_MAJOR_VER = 0 x0003) return CurMSec;#else DWORD dwInc = 0, dwPartial = dwPartialCurMSec; ULARGE_INTEGER cdummy = 0, 0; CPUGetSysTimerCountElapsed(SYSTEM_TICK_MS, &dwInc, &dwPartial, &cdummy); return CurMSec + dw

11、Inc;#endifInterrupt ProcessingOEMInterruptEnable()Performs hardware operations necessary to allow a device to generate the specified interruptIncludes setting a hardware priority for the device, setting a hardware interrupt enable port, and clearing any pending interrupt conditions from the device O

12、EMInterruptDisable()Disables the specified hardware interrupt OEMInterruptDone()Signals completion of interrupt processing Interrupt Processing (continued)OEMGetInterrupt()Used by the PCI bus enumerator to request an IRQ for a PCI device OEMRequestSysIntr()Used in the OEMIoControl routine to impleme

13、nt IOCTL_HAL_TRANSLATE_IRQ and IOCTL_HAL_REQUEST_SYSINTR OEMTranslateIrq()Used by the main ISR to translate a non-shareable IRQ into a SYSINTR, or the last shared IRQ that is not covered by an installable ISR OEMTranslateSysIntr()Maps a SYSINTR to its corresponding IRQ Kernel Input/OutputBOOL OEMIoC

14、ontrol(. . .) switch (dwIoControlCode) case IOCTL_HAL_SET_DEVICE_INFO : case IOCTL_HAL_REBOOT: . . . default: return FALSE; return TRUE;OEMIoControl is called by the kernel when a device driver or application program calls the KernelIoControl function Extend the Ethernet Debugging InterfaceExample:

15、Custom Kernel IOCTL#define IOCTL_MY_CONTROL1 CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_HAL, 2048, METHOD_NEITHER, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)BOOL OEMIoControl(. . .) switch (dwIoControlCode) case IOCTL_MY_CONTROL1: . . . RetCode = KernelIoControl( IOCTL_MY_CONTROL1 , . . . );KITLDesigned to provide an easy way for you to support a

16、ny debug service Separates the protocol of the communication service from the layer that communicates directly with the communication hardware reducing your involvement in creating a hardware transport layer Including the KITL support in the operating system imageOptional OAL FunctionsReal-time Cloc

17、k and TimerParallel Port I/O CodeEthernet Port DebugOEMGetExtensionDRAM()Real-time Clock and TimerOEMGetRealTime()Called by the kernel to get the time from the real-time clockOEMSetRealTime() Sets the real time clock OEMQueryperformanceCounter()Retrieves the current value of the high-resolution perf

18、ormance counter, if one exists OEMQueryPerformanceFrequency()Retrieves the frequency of the high-resolution performance counter, if one existsOEMSetAlarmTime()Sets the alarm time Parallel Port I/O CodeOEMParallelPortSendByte()Sends a byte of data from the target device to the development workstation

19、 over the parallel port OEMParallelPortGetByte()Receives a byte of data on the target device from the development workstation over the parallel port interface OEMParallelPortGetStatus()Checks the status of the parallel port and returns a byte if the port is readyEthernet Port DebugOEMEthInitInitiali

20、zes the Ethernet debug portOEMEthEnableIntsEnables interrupt on the Ethernet adapterOEMEthDisableIntsDisables interrupt on the Ethernet adapterOEMEthISRRoutine that handles interrupts for the Ethernet adapterOEMEthGetFrameReceives data from the Ethernet debug portOEMEthSendFrameSends data over the E

21、thernet debug portOEMEthQueryClientInfoRetrieves platform-specific informationOEMEthGetSecsReturns the number of seconds elapsed since a fixed time. This function is used for handling timeouts.OEMGetExtensionDRAM()Example 2: Extended 4MB DRAM available at 0 x81800000Example 1: No extension DRAM avai

22、lableBOOL OEMGetExtensionDRAM(LPDWORD lpMemStart, LPDWORD lpMemLen) return FALSE; / no extension DRAMBOOL OEMGetExtensionDRAM(LPDWORD lpMemStart, LPDWORD lpMemLen) *lpMemStart = 0 x81800000; *lpMemLen = 0 x00400000; / 4MB return TRUE;pNKEnumExtensionDRAM AND OEMEnumExtensionDRAMDebugging an OALTest

23、GetTickCount and Sleep functionsvoid OALTest(dwMSec) DWORD absoluteValue = 0; DWORD dwLastTickCount = 0; DWORD dwTickCount = 0; dwLastTickCount = GetTickCount(); Sleep(dwMSec); dwTickCount = GetTickCount(); if (dwTickCount (dwLastTickCount + dwMSec) absoluteValue = dwTickCount - (dwLastTickCount + d

24、wMSec); else absoluteValue = (dwLastTickCount + dwMSec)-dwTickCount; if (absoluteValue 5) / SLEEP TENTH DIFFERENCE RETAILMSG(1, (TEXT(FAIL: exceeded); else RETAILMSG(1, (TEXT(PASS: passed);Building the Windows CE KernelBuilding CE Kernel (no profiling)TARGETTYPE=PROGRAMTARGETNAME=kernkitlTARGETLIBS

25、= $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)nk.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)kitl.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)kitleth.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)smc9000.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)ne2kdbg.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)rne_mdd.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)net2890lib.lib $(

26、 MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)eboot.lib $(_TARGETPLATROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)hal.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)PCIreg.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)i486oal.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)loadauth.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)fulllibc.libBuilding the Windows CE Kernel (continued)TARG

27、ETTYPE=PROGRAM TARGETNAME=kernkitlprof TARGETLIBS = $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)nkprof.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)kitl.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)kitleth.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)ddk_io.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)eboot.lib $(_TARGETPLATROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)hal.l

28、ib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)PCIreg.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)ne2kdbg.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)smc9000.lib $(_TARGETPLATROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)profiler.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUINDPATH)fulllibc.lib $( MONOAKROOT)lib$(_CPUDEPPATH)loadauth.libFor profiler supportFor profiler s

29、upportBuilding CE Kernel (with profiling)Implementing OAL Registry FunctionsWriteRegistryToOEM()Enables writing the registry file to persistent storage defined by the OEMOperating system exposes a global pointer named pWriteRegistryToOEM that is available in the OAL ReadRegistryFromOEM()Reads into R

30、AM a registry file from persistent storage defined by the OEMOperating system exposes a global variable named pReadRegistryFromOEM that is available in the OAL RegFlushKey()Writes all the attributes of the specified open key into the registry Power ManagementPower ManagerTransition Between States: A

31、n ExampleGWES Control of On-to-Suspend Power StateOAL Power Management FunctionsPower ManagerProvides power management for each deviceImproves overall system power efficiencyImplemented via Pm.dllDefine your own System Power States RunAC, RunDC, SuspendDevice Power States (statically pre-defined)Ful

32、l on (D0), Low on (D1), Standby (D2), Sleep (D3), Off (D4) Uses IOCTLs to manipulate the power states of the system Power Manager (continued)Mapping System Power State to Device Power StateEnumerated as values under each power state name key in the registry HKLMSYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlPowerSta

33、teName Flags: REG_DWORD:xxxx (Default): REG_DWORD:Dx DeviceName: REG_DWORD:DxName Defines your system power state nameFlags Defines whether the state pertains to AC, DC, AC and DC, behavioral settings, and so on(Default) Default device power setting for all devices while at system power state NameDx

34、 Device power state. Set to D0, D1, D2, D3, or D4. DeviceName Optional; Specifies devices with specific device power state requirements Transition Between States: An ExampleNo PowerOnCritical OffClear File SystemClear Working RAMIdleSuspendNo threads to runAny interruptActivity timer time-outWake-up

35、 eventCritical low-batteryNew batteryWarmbootColdbootGWES Control of On-to-Suspend Power StateGWES uses the registry to control the On-to-Suspend power stateHKLMSystemCurrentControlSetControlPower “BattPowerOff”=dword:300 “ExtPowerOff”=dword:0 “WakeupPowerOff”=dword:60 “ScreenPowerOff”=dword:0OAL Power Management Functions OAL Power Management FunctionsOEMIdle - Puts the CPU in reduced power modeOEMPowerOff - Puts the CPU in suspend modeDevi