句子种类和类型

1、句子种类和类型英语句子种类与类型I、句子种类按交际用途分 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感慨句、 THERE-BE存在句II、句子类型按句子构造分 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句提 纲I、句子种类按交际用途分 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感慨句、THERE-BE存在句1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否认式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。 She arrived early. She cannot have arrived now.注：1半否认句I hardly know anything about it. 2局部否认句与全否认句I dont like both the films.I

2、 like neither Cathy nor Mary. 3)否认转移I dont think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose,imagine)I、句子种类2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。I、句子种类1一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。Have you anything to say?Did someone phone me last night? Cant you understand it? Isnt it a beautiful lake? -Have

3、nt you been to the UK? -No, I havent.2特殊疑问句 疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。I、句子种类1陈述语序Who was the first man in space?2倒装语序Who are you talking about?注：A、简单式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest? B、复杂特殊疑问句 What do you think he has done? I、句子种类3选择疑问句(1)以一般疑问句为根

4、底Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?(2)以特殊疑问句为根底Which do you prefer, red wine or white?How shall we go there? By bus or by train?I、句子种类4反义疑问句 问：+，-？或-，+？ 答：+，+. 或-，-.1.Tom hardly knows French, _ _?2.Mary didnt fail her exam, did she? -_, she didnt.3.You nee

5、dnt come, _ you? You need to come, _ you?4.He had a big time there, _ he? He had a car, _ he? We hardly have to get up early, _ we?5.He used to live in Leeds, _ he?6.Lets go to the match at once, _ we? Leave me alone, _ you?7.They have been learning to drive, _ they?8.No one was hurt, _ _ ?9.There i

6、s no doubt() about it, _ _ ?10.Anna hasnt got to go to school on Sunday, _ she?I、句子种类4反义疑问句3、祈使句 表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。I、句子种类1带第二人称的祈使句 Be quiet, please. Dont make any noise! You call a taxi. Dont you forget it.(强调) Give me a hand, will/wont/would/wouldn you?2带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again. Lets go. Let

7、us go. Lets not say anything about it./Dont lets say Let him be here by 10 oclock. I、句子种类3、祈使句注意：1、加强语气 Do be careful of my broken leg. Do let me have another try. 2 、祈使句的省略式 A:Shall I open the window? B:Yes, please do./ No, please dont. A:Shall we watch the game? B:Yes, lets.4、感慨句 由what 或how引导的，表示惊

8、奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。I、句子种类What a cute baby it is!What fine weather we have today!What a good time we had last night!How foolish she is!How clearly you speak!How clever a boy he is!* What a dirty room, _ _? What interesting films, _ _?I、句子种类5、 THERE-BE存在句 There is a clock on the table. Once there lived a kin

9、g called Lear. There goes the bell!Here come the bus. Here he comes.There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain.There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.There seems to be some misunderstanding.There is a baby crying in the next door.There being no bus, we had to walk home.II、句子类型按句子构造分

10、 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句二、句子类型1、简单句 只包含一个主谓构造，个个成分都是单词或短语的句子。All roads lead to Rome.He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.Is he a superman?Dont be shy. Have a try.The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.二、句子类型2、并列句 包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓构造，分句由并列连词and,then,but,or,or else,so,for,while,when;both

11、and,eitheror,neithernor,not only,but also,as well as等来连接。He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.Dont be late, for there is a meeting.Hurry up, or youll be late.He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.He was enjoying his KFC when a friend ca

12、me.二、句子类型3、复合句 复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承担。1名词性从句 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性从句。宾语从句本卷须知：引导词、语序、时态照应、语态。主语/表语/同位从句本卷须知：引导词、语序、语态。注意：1、whether与if的区别； 2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一 般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感慨句变 来的呢？二、句子类型3、复合句 2定语从句=先行词+引导词+其它。引导词的选用取决于：1先行词；2先行词的修饰语；3引导词在定语 从句中的成分。注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；3、复合句(3)状

13、语从句 即用作状语的分句,可作以下状语：1、时间after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until, whenever,as long as,as soon as;the moment,every time,next time;no soonerthan,hardlywhen ；2、地点where,wherever ；3、方式as,as if,as though ；4、程度asas, more than,sothat,suchthat ；二、句子类型5、原因because,since,as,now that,that ；6、结果,so that,sothat,suchthat ；7、目的so that,in order that,in case ；8、条件if,unless ；9、让步though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that ,w