2023届山东省聊城市高唐一中高三一诊考试英语试卷含解析

1、2023届高考英语模拟试卷注意事项:1答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2答题时请按要求用笔。3请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Cell phones are now widely used in our daily lives，_ it possible for us to talk to any

2、one easily.Ato makeBmadeCmakeDmaking2We have no idea what air we will be breathing in the future if we anything to stop hazy weather.Ahadnt done Bdidnt doChavent done Ddont do3Weneeda spiritual faith, or a philosophy, it shouldincludethis truth: if you choose to find thepositivein every situation, y

3、ou will be blessed, and if you choose to find the awful, you will be cursed. As with happiness itself, this is_your decision to make.Aabsolutely BtotallyCexactly Dlargely4Our bedrooms are all on the sixth floor, with its own bathroom.AallBeveryCeitherDeach5This was returned because the person _ this

4、 letter was addressed had died three years ago.Ato whomBto whichCwhichDwhom6The boy is having a fever. Youd better damp a towel and lay it _ his forehead.Aacross BwithinCthrough Dbeyond7 How do you find your trip to Sanya during the three-day New Year Holiday ?_ I cant speak too highly of it.AOh, wo

5、nderful indeed! BIts awful!CDont mention it DYou said it.8Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.AAttendBTo attendCAttendingDHaving attended9I like these English songs and they _ many times

6、on the radio.AtaughtBhave taughtCare taughtDhave been taught10A good government is not to pick technologies, but to establish conditions _ innovation is supported and encouraged into the marketplace.AwhenBthatCasDwhere11Opening the door, MrsSummers found family of cats shut in the bathroomAa; 不填Ba;

7、theCthe; 不填Dthe; the12We offered to pay our half of the cost that was needed to restore the shared doorway but Charles would have of it.AnothingBanythingCnoneDany13Obama didnt explain _ any larger principles have guided him through the historic convulsions of the 2011 Arab Spring. AwhatBthatCwhereDw

8、hether14What do you think of Putin?He is an outstanding leader who _his reputation.Alooks out for Bcomes up withClives up to Dlooks forward to15The part in the film the man broke down the door made some of the audience give a cry.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhom16The house _ I live in is very small.A that B wh

9、om C when D what17Excuse me, could you tell me the time, please?Sorry, I dont have a watch with me. _AThanks a lot.BWhat a pity.CIm sorry to hear thatDThanks all the same18Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.AwhichBwhereChowDwhat19The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at

10、 all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid _ for it.Aas much twiceBmuch as twiceCas twice muchDtwice as much20Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sale skills.AwhichBthatCwhenDwhere第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Sleep repairs t

11、he body and the mind and helps prevent disease by strengthening the immune system. However, many adults do not get eight hours of sleep each night. The average adult today gets only 6.4 hours of sleep. Only in recent years have health professionals begun to realize the seriousness of sleep deprivati

12、on in the working population. A significant number of people work at night, work long hours, or suffer from sleeplessness or jet lag.Studies show that the brain is negatively affected by sleep deprivation because certain patterns of electrical and chemical activity that occur during sleep are interr

13、upted and the brain cannot function normally. In one study, thirteen healthy adult subjects(实验对象) who usually had normal sleep patterns were kept awake and carefully monitored in a lab during a period of 35 hours. During the experiment, the subjects were asked to perform several tasks, such as mathe

14、matics and word problems, while undergoing scans of their brain activity. The researchers found that the temporal lobe (颞叶) of the brain, the region involved in language processing, was active during speech tasks in rested subjects but not in subjects who lacked enough sleep. After several hours wit

15、hout sleep, there was no activity within this region.Several studies show that getting fewer than six hours of sleep can damage short-term memory and reaction timethus causing a serious risk of accident. In one study of drivers, researchers reported that sleep deprivation had the same effects as bei

16、ng drunk. They found that people who drove after being awake for 17 hours performed worse than those with a blood alcohol level of 0.5 percent, the legal limit for drunk driving in most western European countries. The researchers concluded that countries with drunk driving laws should consider simil

17、ar restrictions against sleep-deprived driving.1、The underlined word deprivation in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_.AweaknessBlossCdiscomfortDpain2、The passage mentions all of the following as causes of sleep deprivation EXCEPT_.Ajet lagBlong work hoursCboring workDworking at night3、Th

18、e purpose of the study described in Paragraph 2 was to determine_.Ahow many hours people can survive without sleepBhow people react when their sleep is interruptedCthe changes in brain activity that occurs during sleepDthe effects of sleep deprivation on brain activity4、Why does the author mention b

19、lood alcohol level in Paragraph 3?ATo show how sleep deprivation reduces the blood alcohol level.BTo show that sleep deprivation has the same dangerous effects as being drunk.CTo suggest that sleep-deprived drivers are also likely to drink.DTo argue against raising the legal limit for drunk driving.

20、22（8分） Most of us have quite good memories, but our memories are limited. For example, we cannot remember everyone we have ever met or what we did on every single day of our lives. However, there are some people who do have prodigious memories. These people have a rare condition known as savant synd

21、rome（学者症候群）. Savants sufferfrom a developmental disorder, but they also exhibit great talents that contrast（显出差异）sharply with their physical and mental disabilities.Kim Peek (1951-2009) was a savant who lived in Salt Lake City, Utah, in the United States. He was born with damage to parts of his brai

22、n, but it seemed that other parts of his brain, particularly those relating to memory, became over-developed.Peeks unique abilities appeared at a very early age. When he was just 20 months old, he could already remember every book that was read to him. Peek could read two pages of a book at the same

23、 time-one page with the right eye and one with the left-in less than 10 seconds and remember everything he read. By the time he died, Peek had memorized more than 9,000 books. He could remember all the names and numbers in a variety of telephone books. He could remember thousands of facts about hist

24、ory, literature, geography and sports.Dr. David Treffert, an expert on savant syndrome, once described Peek as “a living Google” because of his astonishing ability to memorize and connect facts. However, at the same time, Peek was unable to carry out simple tasks, such as brushing his hair or gettin

25、g dressed, and he needed others to help him. In 1989, the movie Rain Man won the Oscar for best Picture. The main character in the movie, played by Dustin Hoffman, was based on Kim Peeks life. He started to appear on television, where he would amaze audiences by correctly answering difficult questio

26、ns on different topics. Peek-became world famous, and he and his father began touring widely to talk about overcoming disabilities. He inspired a great many people with his words. “Recognizing and respecting differences in others, and treating everyone in the way you want them to treat you, will mak

27、e our world a better place for everyone.Everyone is different.”1、The underlined word “prodigious” in Paragraph 1 probably means _.AhappyBclear.CamazingDshort2、According to the text, Peek _.Acould take care of himselfBwas born with a good memoryCwas the student of Dr. David TreffertDbecame brain-dama

28、ged at 20 months old3、How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?ABy giving facts.BBy following time order.CBy explaining causes.DBy making comparisons.4、Peeks words suggest that we should _.Arespect different culturesBlisten to different opinionsCtreat different people differentlyDrespect others differenc

29、es23（8分）“When I was a boy of 14,my father was so ignorant (无知的) that I could hardly stand to have the old man around. But when I got to be 21, I was astonished at how much the old man had learned in 7 years. “Mark TwainMy 23-year-old daughter and I are the female version of the above quote. When I l

30、eft her father about 12 years ago she chose to stay with him. Her father was quite angry at our breakup and so was my daughter. She exactly had nothing to do with me for about 5 years, no contact, no presents to me, no overnight stays. It broke my heart.Now she works near my home. She has often slep

31、t on the sofa in my home and I so love this.Last week I turned my study into a bedroom for her. Today a new bed and mattress(床垫) arrived and I went to Belfast to buy quilts, pillows, cushions, curtains, lampshade etc to make this into the room my daughter should have had in my home 12 years ago. She

32、 has really loved being able to input into this room for her and I have really loved creating a little special personal space for her in my home.In the end, l worked it out but I can tell you I really learned so much by way of practicing patience in those painful early days.I hope my little daughter

33、 who is now a young 23-year-old woman never distances herself from me again, no child should be without a Mothers love.1、What do you know about Mark Twain?AHe didnt realize his fathers good characters.BHe didnt admire his father in his childhood.CHe couldnt learn knowledge from his father.DHe regret

34、ted leaving his father as a child.2、Why did the author furniture the room so considerately?ATo make up for love to her daughter.BTo recover what the room used to be.CTo attract her daughter to live there.DTo meet her daughters tastes.3、Which can replace the underlined phrase “distances herself from

35、in Paragraph 6?Alives close to Bstruggles againstCthinks highly of Dkeeps a distance from24（8分）At the end of the spring semester in May,students taking Georgia Techs online Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence course received some surprising news.Jill Watson,one of the nine teaching assistants (T

36、As) that had helped them finish the challenging course for the past five months was not a “she” but an “it”an intelligent robot!Watson is the brainchild of Ashok Goel,who teaches the popular online course.The Professor of Computer and Cognitive Science in the School of Interactive Computing came up

37、with the idea as a way to deal with the number of questions posed by students in the online forums(论坛).According to Goel,every time the course is offered,the 300 or so students that enroll post over 10,000 questions.The questions are often repetitive.This led Goel to wonder if a smart robot would ha

38、ndle the questions which require standard responsesthings like dates when assignments are due.Having worked with IBMs Watson technology platform in the past,the professor knew it would be ideal for his artificial TA:Jill Watson.The artificial intelligence system that uses natural language processing

39、 and machine learning to analyze large amounts of data has even been cleverer than human competitors on the television show.It would therefore easily be able to handle routine questions that required little “thinking”.The professor and his team of graduate students began by populating Jills memory w

40、ith 40,000 questions and answers from past terms.Then came the testing stage.At first,Jill was not very good and often gave strange answers.It often got stuck on certain keywords.By the end of the semester,Jill had attained enough knowledge and skills to participate in forums without any management

41、from Goel,or the other assistants.1、What surprised the students who take the online course?AThe course was interesting but challenging.BA teaching assistant wasnt a real person.CJill Watson is a hard-working TADThey all failed to pass their course.2、Whats the best title for the text?AA Robot of Geor

42、gia gives an online courseBAshok Goel Came up with the Idea of Jill WatsonCJill WatsonOne of the Nine Teaching AssistantsDGeorgia Techs Teaching Assistant Turn Out to Be a Robot3、Why did Goel decide to invent a smart robot?AA number of students took his online course.BA smart robot is cleverer than

43、a human being.CToo many similar questions are to be dealt with.4、What can we infer from the text?AStudents should deal with routine questions.BJill is mainly in charge of posting surprising news.CThe TAs give students homework at a certain time.DGoel is satisfied with Jills present performance.25（10

44、分） People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and 2014. The results show that while Swedes were the tallest people

45、in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from l2th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Larvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 11.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research says

46、 the global trend is likely but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role, he added.But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. While height increased

47、in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s, said Professor Alexander. The nutritional and health problems that followed the policy

48、 of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in, he said. If

49、we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.1、What can be learned from Paragraph I?AThe increase in womens height is much bigger than mens in the last century.BThe last century has seen a great increase in peoples height in mos

50、t countries.CGenetics plays a key role in the increase of peoples height in the last century.DDutch and Swedes are ranked first and second in height in the world nowadays.2、The underlined word reversed in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by .Aslowed down.Bgone upwards.Cchanged to the contrary.Dcome to li

51、fe again.3、According to the text,James Bentham suggests that .AThe economic situation of some countries should be improved.BEnvironment protection should be attached great importance to.CThe global trend of increasing height should be closely watched.DChildrens proper nutrition and healthcare should

52、 be guaranteed.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）A few years ago, an elderly woman entered my video store, along with her daughter. The 1 was showing an air of impatience, 2 her watch every few seconds. If the daughter had possessed a rope, she would

53、 have 3 her mother to it as a means of pulling her along.The old woman began to pick DVDs herself. I walked over and asked 4 I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a 5 on a piece of paper. 6 rushing off to find the DVD for the woman, I asked her to 7 with me so I co

54、uld show her where she could find it and I wanted to enjoy her 8 for a moment. Something about her movements 9 the memories of my own mother, whod 10 . As we walked along the back of the store, I described what was on the shelves: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The w

55、oman seemed glad of the unrushed “trip and 11 conversation.I said to her daughter,“ 12 some advice?”“ Of course not,” said the daughter. “ 13 her” I said. “When shes gone, its those precious 14 that will come back to you. Times like this, I know.” It was 15 .I still missed my mom and remembered the

56、times when Id used my impatience to make her 16 .Together they 17 their way toward the stores exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, 18 the holiday crowds. Then the daughter glanced over and looked at her mother lovingly. And slowly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affect

57、ion 19 her mothers shoulders and 20 guided her back into the crowd.1、Amother Bdaughter Cmerchant Dwaitress2、Achecking Bfixing Cadjusting Dremoving3、Aaccustomed Bfastened Capplied Ddevoted4、Awhy Bwhen Chow Dif5、Areceipt Bticket Ctitle Dtip6、AInstead of BRegardless of CApart from DAs to7、Ajog Btrade C

58、walk Dcommunicate8、Aholiday Btime Cstay Dcompany9、Acalled on Bcalled for Ccalled up Dcalled in10、Adied away Bpassed away Cmoved away Dgiven away11、Ameaningless Bconvincing Cserious Dcasual12、AOffer BLack CMind DPrepare13、ASeize BCherish CForgive DLeave14、Achances Bfeelings Cmoments Dpresents15、Atrue

59、 Bappropriate Creasonable Dimpossible16、Apuzzled Bastonished Cdesperate Dupset17、Atook Bmade Cfelt Dheaded18、Aobserving Bexpecting Capproaching Dfollowing19、Aaround Bagainst Cbeneath Ddown20、Adeliberately Bhurriedly Crandomly Dgently第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）The Britis

60、h Museum, 1 (locate) in the Bloomsbury area of London, is the first national public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture. Its permanent collection numbers some 8 million works, making 2 one of the largest in existence. It has been 3 (wide) sourced, and documenting the story of human cu