外研究版必修五Module1知识点汇总课件

1、类别课程标准要求掌握的项目话题British and American English and other varieties of English词汇obvious, queue, confusing, compare, variety, differ, settler, remark, steadily, satellite, switch, structure, rapidly, announcement, add, present, simplify, combination, distinctive, look, criticise, standard, referencebe si

2、milar to, get around, have difficulty(in) doing sth., have.in common, in favour of, lead to, make a difference, refer to.as, thanks to类别课程标准要求掌握的项目功能Giving reasonsI like Leeds because theres more going on here than back home in the States.Since English is spoken all over the world, therere lots of v

3、arieties.As I was the only British person in the school, they made a fuss of me.Im getting on just fine, now that I understand the local accent.语法Review of verb forms (1)The British say“Have you got.？” While Americans prefer to“Do you have.？”Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving clo

4、ser together.Many factors have had an influence on American pronunciation.1except1)prep. 除之外，除去，除掉As we all know, the office is open every day except Sundays.正如我们所知，这个办公室除了星期天之外都是开放的。No one except me agreed to put off the coming sports meet.除我之外没人同意推迟即将来临的运动会。2)conj. 如果不是，除之外I could buy the suit, ex

5、cept that it costs too much.如果不是它售价太高的话，我本想买下那件衣服的。I cycled to school, except when it rained.我骑车去学校，除了下雨之外。词语辨析except/besides/except for/but1)except和besides都可作“除之外”解，但含义不同。(1)except表示从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分，是递减的概念，含义是否定的。(2)besides表示“除了之外(还有)”，指在整体中加入一部分，是递增的概念，含义是肯定的。如：We all went except him.除他之外，我

6、们都去了。(他没有去)We all went besides him.除他之外，我们大家也都去了。(他也去了)2)except for主要有三层含义：(1)表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用。如：Your composition is quite excellent except for several spelling mistakes.你的作文要不是有几处拼写错误就非常优秀了。(2)表示非同类事物进行比较。如：The street is empty except for several cars.除了几辆车外，街道空空如也。(3)置于句首时，表达except的

7、含义。如：Except for this everything is in order.除了这之外，一切都井然有序。3)but含义与except相同，也表示递减的概念，二者在多数情况下可以互换，但用法稍有区别。except可以代替but，但but并不一定都可以代替except，如果句中有no, all, nobody, who, where等不定代词或疑问词时，多用but，后跟宾语从句时，多用except。如：Nobody but you could be so selfish.除了你之外，谁也不会这样自私。高考链接(2008浙江)Everything was perfect for the

8、picnic_the weather.Ain place ofBas well asCexcept for Din case of解析：in place of“代替”；as well as “也，又”；except for“除之外”；in case of“万一；假设”。句意：野餐的计划除天气外已经都准备好了。答案：C即学即用She remembered nothing about him_his hair was black.Aexcept for BexceptCbesides Dexcept that答案：D2within1)prep.在之内；不超过；在范围以内I will be back

9、 within an hour.我在一小时之内回来。We live within 3 miles of each other.我们两家相距不到三英里。2)n. 内部The door opens from within.这门从里向外开。3)adv. 在内部；在心中I am grateful within.我从内心里表示感激。知识拓展within doors 在屋内within oneself 在心里within ones power 在某人的权限范围内within ones grasp 力量达得到live within ones income 量入为出即学即用完成句子(1)他们应该在两年内建好这

10、座桥。They are supposed to finish the bridge _ _ _.(2)公园内不允许打猎。Hunting is not permitted_ _ _.答案：(1)within two years(2)within the park3divide v. 分割；分配；分开(常和介词into, between, among连用)He divides his energies between study and business.他把一部分精力用来学习，一部分用来搞业务。The teacher divided our class into four groups.老师把我

11、们班分成四个小组。The children divided up the candy among themselves.孩子们把糖果分吃了。知识拓展divided adj. 分开的division n. 分开；隔离divide by 用除(尽)；因分裂divide from 把分开divide into 分成divide up 分开；划分divided opinions 分歧的意见词语辨析separate/divide/part三个词都含“分开”的意思。1)separate指“把原来在一起的人或物分开”。多与from，by一起搭配使用。如：Separate those two boys who

12、 are fighting, will you?(你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开，好吗？England is separated from France by the English Channel.英国与法国被英吉利海峡分隔开。2)divide指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”，常与介词between, among, into搭配。如：Divide the candies among the children, please.请把糖块分给孩子们。3)part指“把密切相关的人或物分开”。如：Part gold from silver.把金银分开。即学即用(1)The head

13、teacher_the class into six groups.Aseparated BdividedCparted Dreformed(2)Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20hour operation to have_oneyearold twins at the head.Aisolated BseparatedCdivided Dremoved答案：(1)B(2)B4exchange1)n.交换；交流；兑换Lets have an exchange of views on the matter.

14、我们对这件事交换一下意见吧。He gave me an apple in exchange for a cake.他给了我一个苹果，换一块蛋糕。America wants to promote trade and cultural exchanges with China.美国想加强与中国的贸易和文化交流。Where can I find the best exchange rate?在什么地方我才能获得最好的兑换价？2)v. 交换；交流；兑换Well have an opportunity to exchange views tomorrow.明天我们将有机会交换看法。Id like to

15、exchange some pounds for dollars.我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。词语辨析1)exchange指的是相互交换，相互交流或货物、货币的兑换。常用短语：exchange.for.以交换。如：The deputy manager exchanged the companys interest for his personal honour.副经理为了个人荣誉出卖了公司的利益。2)change表示“交换”时，与exchange同义。但它也指某人或某物状态的改变。常用短语：o.将变成；change.for.将换成。如：Youll have to change

16、 planes at Seattle.你得在西雅图换乘另一架飞机。I had to change my old computer for a new one.我不得不把我的旧电脑换成新的。高考链接Ive offered to paint the house _ a weeks accommodation.Ain exchange for Bwith regard toCby means of Din place of解析：该题是短语意义辨析题。句意是：我主动提出来漆房子，以此交换这一周的住宿。根据句意，应该选用in exchange for，表示“用以交换”。with regard to “关

17、于”；by means of “凭借手段”；in place of“替代”。答案：A即学即用I often_stamps_him.Achange, for Bexchange, withCchange, with Dexchange, for答案：B5fun1)n. 愉快；开心Have fun at the party tonight.在今晚的晚会上玩得开心点。Theres no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards.整个晚上打扑克牌没有意思。2)n. 玩笑Hes fond of fun.他喜欢玩笑。We are making fun

18、of him.我们在和他开玩笑。He doesnt just write for fun; in fact, writing is his bread and butter.他从事写作不是为了好玩，事实上写作是他的谋生之道。注意：1)fun是不可数名词，即使表示“有趣的人或事物”，前面也不能加冠词。2)如果表示“某人或某事很有趣”， 要用fun，一般不用funny，funny常用来表示“滑稽的，奇怪的”。如：Its great fun to have a talk with you.与你聊天真有趣。How funny you look with that hat on!你戴着那顶帽子看起来真是

19、滑稽！知识拓展for/in fun 开玩笑的；不是认真的great fun 有趣的人/事物make fun of嘲弄；取笑What fun！多么有趣！Have fun! 玩得开心！即学即用_it is to watch a close match and cheer for our favourite team!AWhat a fun BWhat funCHow fun DHow funny答案：B1have.in common 有相同的特点Jane and I have nothing in common.I have nothing in common with Jane.我与简毫无共同之

20、处。Although they are twin brothers, they have little in common with each other.尽管是孪生兄弟，他们之间却很少有共同之处。Their opinions had much in common with mine.他们的意见和我的有许多共同的地方。知识拓展have sth. in common (with sb.)意为“(与某人)想法、兴趣等相同”；have sth. in common (with sth.)意为“(与某物)有相同的特征或特点”，其宾语一般是a lot，everything, much, little等。

21、in common 共同，共同享有的，共同使用的in common with 和一样，有共同之处out of(the) common 不寻常的，特殊的词语辨析common/ordinary/general/usual上面四个词都含“普通的，经常的”的意思，但是在使用上是有差别的。1)common强调“常见的”；“不足为奇的”。This bird is common throughout Europe.这种鸟在欧洲很常见。2)ordinary强调“平常的”；“平淡无奇的”。The book which I have read recently is about ordinary people.我

22、最近读的这本书是关于普通人的。3)general意为“普遍的”；“一般的”。This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist.这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。4)usual意为“一贯如此的；习惯性的”。As usual, he arrived early and started to work.像往常一样，他很早就到了，并开始工作。This is the usual state of the house.这房子里平常就是这个样子。高考链接Letterboxes are much more _ in

23、the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.Acommon BnormalCordinary Dusual解析：考查形容词词义辨析。强调常见性用common；强调平凡性用ordinary；强调正常性用normal；强调频率用usual或regular。由句意知，此处强调常见性。答案：A即学即用Althoughtheyaretwins,theydont_anything_ Ahave, in commonBhave, to do withCmake, in commonDmake, difference to答案

24、：A2make a difference 有影响；使不相同The rain did not make a difference to the game.这场雨对比赛没有太大影响。Their help has made a big difference to the teams success.他们的帮助对球队的成功起了重要的作用。It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.他去不去对我没什么影响。知识拓展make much difference(make a lot of difference) 对有很大影响make no diffe

25、rence 对没有影响make some difference 对有一些影响即学即用He tried a new method to do the experiment, but it made_difference.Aa BnoCany Dmuch答案：B1It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.无论一个老师说英国英语还是美国英语都是没有太大差异的。此句中的it是形式主语，doesnt make much of a difference是谓语；由连接词wh

26、ether引导的主语从句whether a teacher speaks British or American English才是句子真正的主语。it作形式主语的用法：当动词不定式、动名词和主语从句作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在句末。如：It worried me a lot that he keeps changing his mind.他不断地变换他的想法使我很担心。It is my duty to care for that patient.照料那位病人是我的职责。It is a waste of time arguing with him.和他争辩是浪费时间。高考链接(2009上海)It is immediately clear_the financial crisis will soon be over.Asince BwhatCwhen Dwhether解析：这是it作形式主语的名词性从句。句意为“金融危机是否很快结束不会立刻明朗的”。若主语从句中去掉soon，也可以选C项，即“金融危机