差速器壳体工艺及工装设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

1、外文文献及译文文献题目： Differential shell process and boring tooling design文献来源：Taylor&Francis文献发表日期：2011 年09月01日学生姓名：学号：系别：专业：指导教师： 职称： 2017年5月19日Differential shell process and boring tooling designThe motor car engine power transmission shaft and the clutch, and finally to drive around again assigned half s

2、haft drive wheels, in this article, the drive power transmission way, it is the final assembly of the main parts is reducer and differential. Gear reducer is increased, the function of torque and completely on gear meshing gears, between are easy to understand. But more difficult to understand diffe

3、rential, what, why differential differential?The car is driven car differential main parts. It is in the power of both half shaft transmission shaft, allowing both half with different speed spinning wheels, satisfy both pure rolling form as possible, reducing equidistant not tire and ground friction

4、.spider diagramObject graph theory differentialfunctionalAt the turn of the car wheel track line, if the car is circular arc, turn left at the center, and at the same time, the wheels went arc length, the wheels than to balance the difference, left, and right wheel wheels slowlySlip differentialFast

5、er, with different speed up the distance.If you make a whole after wheel, can accomplish on both sides of the wheel speed difference, is also does not have an automatic adjustment. In order to solve this problem, a hundred years ago, France Renault automotive company founder luis Renault will design

6、 a differential this thing.Slip differentialconstituteOrdinary differential planetary wheel planetary gear, by plane (differential shell), half axle gear parts etc. The power of the engine into the differential transmission. StructurePlanetary wheel frame, driven directly by the planets wheel drive,

7、 right and left two half shaft, wheel drive left and right. Meet the design requirements of differential (left) and the shaft speed (right尸 2 (axial rotational speed) planet round frame. When the car goes, left, right wheel and planetary wheel frame of equal speed, and in a state of equilibrium in t

8、he balance among car when turning round to destruction, reduce the speed, the wheel speed increase.StructurePrincipleThis adjustment is automatic differential here, involves minimal energy consumption principle, namely earth all objects are tend to minimum energy. Such a grain of beans in a bowl, be

9、ans will automatically stays in the bowl bottom and never stay in the bowl wall, because the bowl bottom is the lowest energy (potential), it automatically select static (minimum) without energy. In the same Wheel in turning also will be the lowest power consumption tendency, automatically adjusted

10、according to turn radius of the wheel speed around.A 3d effectWhen turning wheel, because the pull of the phenomenon, the medial wheel slip phenomenon,two driving wheel at will produce two opposite direction of additional force, due to the principle of minimal energy consumption, will inevitably lea

11、d to the wheel speed different sides, thus destroyed the balance between three and half shaft are reflected by the half axle gear planetary gears, forced to produce the half shaft rotation speed, speed, the medial axis speed slow speed, so as to realize the difference on both sides wheels.If the dri

12、ve wheels on both sides of the drive shaft with a whole rigid connection, only two wheels at the same Angle rotation. So, when the steering wheel, due to the lateral than inside the distance moved across the wheels, will make the scroll wheel on the slide, and drag on the scroll wheel inside the sli

13、p. Even the car run straight road gravamen, because although flat tire surface or rolling radius (but ranging from manufacturing error, wear different tyres, ranging from uneven pressure or carrying of sliding wheel) and cause.When the wheel sliding tire wear, not only aggravate increased power and

14、fuel consumption, still can make steering difficulties, braking performance deteriorated. As for the wheels, and does not occur in structure sliding must ensure each wheel at different angles can rotate.Axis between differential driven wheels usually use bearing spindle support in the, can at any An

15、gle rotation, and drive wheels with two and half shaft rigid connection, between two and half shaft with differential. The differential and called shaft between differential.Many of the drive shaft, and to make each off-road vehicle drive to different velocity rotating, in order to eliminate the bri

16、dge of the drive wheels, some in two axles sliding between between shaft with differential.Differential inspectiondifferential shell doesnt have any properties of crack, shell and planetary gear differential half shaft washer, contact between gear, should be smooth without groove, If there is a slig

17、ht groove or wear, can continue to use after grinding, or should be replaced or be repaired.the planetary gear differential shell and planetary gear wheel when the fitting clearance shall not greater than 0.1-0.15 mm, half axle gear shaft neck and shell hole for clearance, with no obvious loose labe

18、ls should be replaced or feeling, or repair.Shells processing technologyThe processing quality not only affects shell, the assembly precision and accuracy, but also affects the movement of the machine working accuracy, performance and life.There are many kinds of shell structure, its size and form w

19、ith the structure of the machine and the shell in machine has the different function. But they remain on the analysis from the craft had a lot in common and its structure features are:appearance is basically composed of six or five plane again into the closed-end polyhedron, integral and combined tw

20、o,structure shape is more complex. Inside the cavity is often, some places partition wall, shell and uneven thickness thin.shell walls are usually decorate have parallel hole or vertical hole,on the shell, main processing is the number of plane, in addition to many higher accuracy and precision of s

21、upporting bearing with less demanding tighten pore.Shell parts technical requirements:bearing support size precision and accuracy, surface roughness, requirements,position precision including hole axis of the distance between the dimension precision, the same axis parallel degree in each hole, and K

22、ong Duan facing the coaxial tolerance of vertical axis holes; etc.to meet the needs and positioning of the shell processing machine assembly request, shell and assembly of shell with the datum plane positioning due and certain degree, and the surface roughness requirements, The bearing hole and asse

23、mbling a certain distance between datum due to the accuracy requirement of.差速器壳体工艺及工装设计汽车发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、传动轴最后传送到驱动桥再左右分配给半轴 驱动车轮，在这条动力传送途径上，驱动桥是最后一个总成，它的主要部件是减速器和 差速器。减速器的作用就是减速增矩，这个功能完全靠齿轮与齿轮之间的啮合完成，比 较容易理解。而差速器就比较难理解，什么叫差速器，为什么要“差速”？汽车差速器是驱动轿的主件。它的作用就是在向两边半轴传递动力的同时，允许两 边半轴以不同的转速旋转，满足两边车轮尽可能以纯滚动的形式

24、作不等距行驶，减少轮 胎与地面的摩擦。差速器原理图差速器原理实物图功能汽车在拐弯时车轮的轨线是圆弧，如果汽车向左转弯，圆弧的中心点在左侧，在相 同的时间里，右侧轮子走的弧线比左侧轮子长，为了平衡这个差异，就要左边轮子慢一 点，右边轮子快一点，用不同的转速来弥补距离的差异。如果后轮轴做成一个整体，就无法做到两侧轮子的转速差异，也就是做不到自动调.雷诺就设整。为了解决这个问题，早在一百年前，法国雷诺汽车公司的创始人路易斯 计出了差速器这个东西。防滑差速器构成普通差速器由行星齿轮、行星轮架（差速器壳）、半轴齿轮等零件组成。发动机的 动力经传动轴进入差速器，直接驱动行星轮架，再由行星轮带动左、右两条半

25、轴，分别 驱动左、右车轮。差速器的设计要求满足：（左半轴转速）+ （右半轴转速）二2 （行星轮 架转速）。当汽车直行时，左、右车轮与行星轮架三者的转速相等处于平衡状态，而在 汽车转弯时三者平衡状态被破坏，导致内侧轮转速减小，外侧轮转速增加。结构示意原理差速器的这种调整是自动的，这里涉及到“最小能耗原理”，也就是地球上所有物体都倾向于耗能最小的状态。例如把一粒豆子放进一个碗内，豆子会自动停留在碗底而 绝不会停留在碗壁，因为碗底是能量最低的位置（位能），它自动选择静止（动能最小） 而不会不断运动。同样的道理，车轮在转弯时也会自动趋向能耗最低的状态，自动地按照转弯半径调整左右轮的转速。三维效果当转弯时，由于外侧轮有滑拖的现象，内侧轮有滑转的现象，两个驱动轮此时就会 产生两个方向相反的附加力，由于“最小能耗原理”，必然导致两边车轮的转速不同， 从而破坏了三者的平衡关系，并通过半轴反映到半轴齿轮上，迫使行星齿轮产生自转， 使外侧半轴转速加快，内侧半轴转速减慢，从而实现两边车轮转速的差异。驱动桥两侧的驱动轮若用一根整轴刚性连接， 则两轮只能以相同的角度旋转。这样, 当汽车转向行驶时，由于外侧车轮要比内侧车轮移过的距离大，将使外侧车轮在滚动的 同时产生滑拖，而内侧车轮在滚动的同时产生滑转。即使是汽车直线行驶，也会因路面 不平或虽然路面平直