2023届新教材老高考英语人教版一轮习题：必修第三册 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION

1、第 PAGE 10 页 共 NUMPAGES 10 页【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1procedure n程序；步骤；手续2mental adj.精神的；思想的3launch vt.& n发射；发起；上市4leap n跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳跃；跃过5mankind n人类6transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送7data npl.资料；数据8current adj.当前的；现在的 n水流；电流；思潮9sufficient adj.足够的；充足的10facility n设施；设备11fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的12mystery n神秘事物；谜写作

2、词汇词形默写13desire n渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望14signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n信号；标志15lack n缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏16float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流17otherwise adv.否则；要不然18beyond prep.在更远处；超出19keen adj.热衷的；渴望的20shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的21pattern n模式；图案；模范22analysis n(对事物的)分析；分析结果23monitor n监视器；监测仪 vt.监视；监测；监控24resource n资源；财力；物力25attach

3、vt.系；绑；贴拓展词汇词形变化26intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的intelligence n智力；聪明；智能27determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心；查明determined adj.意志坚定的；坚决的；有决心的determination n决心；决定28disappoint vt.使失望disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappointment n失望29independent_ adj.独立的；自立的independently adv.独立地；自立地independence n独立30globe

4、n地球；世界；地球仪global adj.全球性的；全世界的31argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论argument n争论；争吵；论点32regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的regularly adv.经常；定期地33limit n限制；极限；界限vt.限制limited adj.有限的.核心短语默写1carry on继续做；坚持干2on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3in the hope of doing sth.抱着的希望4so as to(do sth.)为了；以便5figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6result in导致；造成7as a re

5、sult所以；结果(是)8provide for sb.提供生活所需9in closing最后10run out用完；耗尽.教材原句补全1Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。2These disasters made everyone sad and d

6、isappointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。3Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.尽管有许多困难，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，而且

7、还能帮助我们更好地生存到未来。4Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。5Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。语言运用.单句语法填空1They met regularly(regular)and discus

8、sed the hot topics in the society.2By no means is punishment a wise choice to help them grow up mentally (mental)and physically.3If we work hard，we will succeed in getting(get)over the difficulty.4The guard seems to be signaling to us with his arm.5In high school，I was very curious about the compute

9、r，and built my first website.6From the early age，they desired to help(help)others and expected to achieve common goals.7He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.8There is a difference between wisdom and intelligence(intelligent)A person may have one without the other.9Further reading

10、made me realize that it was hard work and determination (determine)that got her into medical school.10In my opinion，keeping dogs should not be banned，but limited(limit)to certain areas.一句多译/句式升级1最终我说服了他戒掉吸烟。I argued him out of smoking eventually.(argue)I persuaded him out of smoking/to give up smoki

11、ng eventually.(persuade)I convinced him to give up smoking eventually.(convince)2如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。If we keep using the water like this，we will soon run out of it(run out of)If we keep using the water like this，itll soon run out(run out)If we keep using the water like this，we will soon use it u

12、p(use up)3Im determined to perform well in the final exam，so Im occupied in preparing for it.Determined to perform well in the final exam，Im occupied in preparing for it.(过去分词短语作状语)4Though Jack was lacking in experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm.Though lacking in experience，Jack made up for it

13、 in enthusiasm.(省略句)5All of us should attach great importance to the safety of school buses.Great importance should be attached to the safety of school buses.(变为被动语态)【模拟提升练】.完形填空I was cycling and noticed a person，about a quarter of a kilometer in front of me.I could tell he was cycling a little slow

14、er than me and _1_ to try to catch up with him.I had about a kilometer to go on the road _2_ turning off.So I _3_ cycling faster and faster and every _4_，I was gaining on him just a little bit.After just a few minutes I was only about 100 yards _5_ him，so I really picked up the pace and _6_ myself.Y

15、ou would have _7_ I was cycling in the last section of the London Olympic triathlon._8_ I caught up with him and passed by him.On the inside I felt so _9_I beat him，of course，but he didnt even know we were _10_After I passed him，I _11_ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had _

16、12_ my turn.I had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around and go all the way back.Isnt that what happens in life when we _13_ competing with coworkers，neighbors，and friends，trying to _14_ that we are more successful or more important？We spend our time and _15_ chasing after them and we

17、 miss out on our own _16_ to our future.The _17_ of unhealthy competition is that its a never ending _18_And there will always be somebody ahead of you，someone with a _19_ job，more money and more education，etc.Therefore，just take what life has given you，your height，weight and personality.Stay focuse

18、d and live a peaceful life.Theres no _20_ in life.Run your own race and wish others well!语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由一次骑自行车想超越别人却错过了自己的转弯处意识到人生也是如此，不要总是关注和同事、邻居、朋友之间的竞争，总会有人比你有更好的工作、更多的钱、接受更多的教育。走好自己的路，人生本没有“竞争”。1A.failedBdecidedCagreed Dforgot解析：根据语境和第8空后的“I caught up with him”可知，我看到前面有一个骑自行车的人比我骑得慢，我决定追上他。答

19、案：B2A.before BafterCunless Dwhen解析：根据下文“我”错过转弯处要原路返回可知，此处表示我还要骑大约一公里才转弯。答案：A3A.stopped BenjoyedCstarted Dregretted解析：根据上文可知，我想赶上前面骑自行车的人，所以我开始越骑越快。答案：C4A.way BblockCstep Dtime解析：根据下文第四段最后一句中的six blocks并结合常识可知，每经过一个街区，我都接近他一点。答案：B5A.apart from BaboveCahead of Dbehind解析：根据上文我渐渐接近他可知，几分钟后，我只距离他身后大约100码

20、。答案：D6A.comforted BprotectedCpushed Dsupported解析：根据语境可知，几分钟后，我只落后他100码左右，所以我加快了速度，给自己加把劲。push oneself意为“给自己加把劲”。答案：C7A.thought BrememberedCdreamt Dhoped解析：根据上文我追赶前面骑自行车的人的内容可知，此处表示你会以为我是在伦敦奥运会铁人三项赛的最后一段比赛中骑自行车。答案：A8A.Apparently BSurprisinglyCFortunately DFinally解析：根据上文我努力加快骑车速度要赶上前面的人可知，此处表示我终于赶上并超过

21、了他。答案：D9A.calm BluckyCastonished Dgood解析：根据上文可知，我终于赶上了他，据此可推知，我感觉很好。答案：D10A.racing BexercisingCcelebrating Dcycling解析：根据语境可知，我是暗中加快速度超过一个偶然遇到的人，所以此处表示他并不知道我们在比赛。A项意为“比赛”，故A项正确。答案：A11A.believed BexpectedCrealized Dunderstood解析：根据语境和下文作者要原路返回可知，超过他后，我才意识到我太关注和他之间的竞赛，错过了拐弯的地方。答案：C12A.escaped BmissedCma

22、de Dlost解析：参见上题解析。答案：B13A.worry about Bcare forCdepend on Dfocus on解析：根据第四段第一句中的focused on并结合语境可知，此处表示在生活中我们也是专注于与同事、邻居和朋友之间的竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要。答案：D14A.prove BdeclareCexplain Dinform解析：参见上题解析。答案：A15A.tears BmoneyCenergy Dpain解析：根据该句中的our time and并结合常识可知，此处表示我们花费时间和精力追赶他人，而错过了自己的未来之路。答案：C16A.paths Bent

23、rancesCplans Dbarriers解析：参见上题解析。答案：A17A.task BdifficultyCproblem Dgoal解析：根据该句中的unhealthy competition和空后一句可推知，不良竞争的问题在于那无穷尽的循环。答案：C18A.movement BcycleCevent Droutine解析：参见上题解析。答案：B19A.steady BsuitableCtemporary Dbetter解析：根据该句中的more money and more education可知，空处应为形容词比较级形式。此处表示总会有人在你的前面，他们有更好的工作、更多的钱、受过

24、更多的教育等等。答案：D20A.mistake BcompetitionCpressure Dchallenge解析：根据空后一句可知，参加你自己的赛跑，同时祝福别人；又结合本文的主题“竞争”可知，此处表示生活中没有竞争。答案：B.语法填空(2020全国卷)China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess

25、1._(touch)down last week in the South PoleAitken basin.Landing on the moons far side is 2._(extreme)challenging.Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3._ it could send signals to the spacecraft and t

26、o Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 4._(interesting)to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so 5._ the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4 6._(find)and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it 7._(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8._(construct)”Data about the moons composition，such as how 9._ ice and other treasures it contains，could help Chi