丁言仁英语语言学纲要配套题库

1、言仁英语语言学纲要配套题库展开全文第一部分考研 真题精选一、填空题1. When a word appears in a variety of forms depending on its grammatical role in the sentence we say that it undergoes. 中山大学2018研【答案】inflection查看答案【解析】曲折变化是指通过添加屈折词缀，如数，人称，限 定性，体和格等来表示奥词语法关系的变化。2.is the name for oppositeness relation. 北二夕卜 2015研【答案】Antonymy查看答案【解析】本

2、题考查反义的语义关系。反义关系就是相反的语 义关系。Phonetics is the study of sounds that the human voiceis capable of creating whereas phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. d匕京邮 电大学2015研【答案】speech查看答案【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。语音学研究语音 的发生、传递和感知。音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。换 句话说，音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义而

3、系统地选择语 音的方法。A principal distinction between morphology and syntax is that the former is concerned with the internal composition of a word, whereas the latter is concerned with of words. 中山大学2017 研【答案】combinations查看答案【解析】 Morphology is concerned with the internal organizationof words. It studies the

4、minimal units of meaning-morphemes and word-formation processes. Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structure.is the study of speech sounds that t

5、he human voice is capable of creating whereas phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. The first focuses on chaos while the second focuses on order. d匕京邮电 大学2016研【答案】Phonetics查看答案【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。语音学研究语音 的发生、传递和感知。音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。换 句话说，音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义

6、而系统地选择语 音的方法。Language is a form of human communication by means of a system of principally transmitted by vocal sounds. 中山大学2017研【答案】symbols查看答案【解析】 Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.Syntax is the study of how words combine to make sentences. The order of w

7、ords in sentences varies from language to language. English language, for instance, generally follows a order, as in the sentence “Thedog (subject) bit (verb)the man (object).北京邮隹L大学 2016研【答案】SVO查看答案【解析】本题考查英语句子的语序。英语句子的基本语序是 主谓宾结构。In terms of the meaning expressed by words, they can be classified i

8、nto words and words.南开大学 2007 研【答案】lexical, grammatical查看答案【解析】从词所表达的意义划分，词可分为词汇词和语法词。A typically contains a consonant or set of consonantsfollowed by a vowel followed by another consonant or set of consonants.中山大学 2018 研【答案】syllable查看答案【解析】音节是超音段研究中的一个重要单位。音节必须有 一个 节核”或者 韵峰”，通常由元音来承担，但有时也可以 由具有成音节特

9、征的辅音来起节核的作用，通常在节核的前 后还可以有辅音丛的由现。The is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical.北二夕卜 2015 研【答案】morpheme查看答案【解析】本题考查词素的含义。词素是最小的音义结合体， 其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。意思或 语法功能的最小单位。The type of

10、 stress which distinguishes words such as / transp?t/ from /tran p?t/ is known as stress.中山大学2018 研【答案】word查看答案【解析】单词重音是指一个单词内部重读音节和非重读音节 的语调模式。 is a branch of linguistics that studies the interrelationship between phonology and morphology.南开大 学2007研【答案】Morphophonology查看答案【解析】形态音系学是语言学的一个分支，主要研究形态学

11、与音系学的关系。The soundk can be described with velar stop/plosive北二夕卜 2014 研【答案】voiceless查看答案【解析】k属于清辅音，爆破音，软腭音。A refers to each position in a tree diagram in TG where lines meet. In each of these positions is a symbol for a grammatical category.中山大学 2018 研【答案】constituent查看答案【解析】成分，作为一个术语，指的是用于句子结构分析的 一个语言单位，它是一个比其更大的语言单位的一部分。几 个成分共同构成一个结构体。The most serious defect concerns the use of semantic markers like (Human) and (Male), wh