Unit21Lesson3EpidemicsExplained(包含语言点详解课堂练习)

1、Unit 21Lesson 3Epidemics Explained Do you still remember SARS ?How did you feel when SARS was spreading?Whats the outcome of SARS ?Besides SARS, what other diseases can be epidemic? AIDS SARS Influenza(=flu) Bird Flu Swine Flu Hand-Feet-Mouth Disease Tuberculosis(=TB) 肺结核Death silently leapt(跳跃) fro

2、m house to house, till he nearly lost his prey (被掠食者 ). -Francis Macnamara BritishPeople dropped dead like flies (苍蝇). Grief-stricken(极度忧伤的) mothers mourned their sons death, till their tears ran dry.画家笔下的中世纪黑死病景象 Dr Garciano matter how good modern science is, a future epidemic is inevitable. *epide

3、miccancerwipe outurban*rebuildempiretrial*prohibitunitepausen. 流行病, 传染病n. 癌，癌症彻底毁灭adj. 城市的vt. 重建n. 帝国n. 实验vt. 禁止vt. 联合，团结n. 暂停，停顿New Words*acutestatisticssymptomroutinepressparalleltissue*adaptationforeseemournadj. 剧烈的，严重的n. 统计资料，统计数字n. 症状n. 常规，惯例n. 新闻界，报界 v.按, 压n. 平行线，极相似之处n. 组织n. 变化，变种vt. 预见(fores

4、aw-foreseen)vt. 感到悲痛，表示哀悼New Wordscarrierprescription*tabletunderline*thorough*systematic*teamworkfaithstop sth. in its trackspilln. 带菌者n. 处方n. 药片vt. 强调, 下划线adj. 彻底的adj. 系统化的n. 协作，配合n. 信心终止，消灭n. 药丸，药片New WordsWork in pairs. Do you think these statements are true (T) or false (F)?1) Flu kills million

5、s of people every year.2) Most diseases are very new.3) Epidemics have affected historical events.5) Epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.6) More people died of a flu epidemic in 1918/1919 than died in World War I.4) It takes years for a disease to spread worldwide.Unfo

6、rtunately, they are all bloody truth.Reading Reading strategies: Sequencing of information1. Read the text with gaps to get the general idea.2. Read the sentences before and after the gaps. 3. Read the missing paragraphs. 4. Put the missing paragraphs in the gaps.5. Reread the whole passage.Skim the

7、 passage to get the main ideaRead the text to find how the passage develop? In order of time In order of space In order of logic ReadingMatch the five paragraphs (A-E) with gaps 3,5, 8, 10 and 12 in the text. ABCDEParagraph 3Paragraph 5Paragraph 8Paragraph 10Paragraph 12How many epidemics in the hum

8、an history are mentioned in this text?Para. 1 & 13: _Para. 3&4: _ _Para. 5&6: _ Para. 7&8: _Para. 912: _Bird FluEpidemic in Roman Empire=(Justinians Plague) 查士丁尼瘟疫Black DeathSpanish FluSARStime epidemic areasnumber of the people diedJustinians PlagueNorth Africa, middle East, Europeup to 50% of the

9、areas populationIn the 1330sEurope, Asia, Africa and Middle Eastup to one half of the population1918Spanish Fluup to 50 million in 18 months2002SARSChina, Canada, Vietnam, Singapore500-550ADThe Black DeathThe whole world774Bird Flu1997more than a hundred livesFirst in HKthe earliest on recordGreat F

10、lumodern adaptationMatch each epidemic with thestatementsBird FluPara.1&13Its a modern adaptation of Spanish FluThorough and systematicmedical research will lead to a cure as soon as possible.It has become a global epidemic彻底而系统的导致, 产生n.治愈的方法Justinians PlaguePara.3&4one of the earliest on recordThe

11、most acute worldwideepidemicIt was one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire记录在案n. 衰落empire, emperor, empressaffected historical eventsThe Black DeathPara.5&6Perfect conditions were providedfor the disease to spread worldwideCrowded urban areas were moreseverely affected It was complete

12、ly newPara.E. Line 5Line 6_, _ and _.Warcrowded citiesa lack of basic health routines缺乏基本的卫生习惯The Great Flu EpidemicPara. 7&8It struck near the end of the First World WarThe most acute worldwideepidemicThe young and fit were more likely to be affectedMore people died of the flu than died in the war

13、It was completely newV. (疾病、灾难等)侵袭；攻击年轻力壮者SARSPara.912It was completely newIt began with a lung disease Most people had no natural defenses against the disease Yet , it has been forgotten by history 天然防护(抗体)Spanish FluThere were no _ drugs or _ to treat it.prescriptiontablets“With recent press repor

14、ts drawing parallels between Bird Flu and a killer epidemic in the past, Jim Smith looks through the history of epidemics for clues(线索) about what the future might hold.” draw parallels between A. to draw the sign “=” B. to show two different things are similar What does the writer tell us in the ba

15、ckground introduction? look throughA. to examine sth. carefully B. to look at sth. with a glance (一瞥) The introduction intends to show us that: Bird Flu is similar to a killer epidemic in the history; Scientists are looking for clues to help future study.Read the second paragraph and find out why sc

16、ientists look through the history of epidemics.Scientists hope _. to find out how epidemics have happened to predict and prevent epidemics in the future to see how bacteria and viruses have been affected human life to see what the future of the world will be like“to discover the causes and effects(因

17、果关系) of epidemics, and hopefully, foresee and prevent them in the future.”Read the last paragraph and see if the writer presents a solution? If he does, what is it or what are they?Yes, he does.“Countries will need to work together to do this”; We have to have faith that there will be solutions in t

18、ime to stop a bird Flu epidemic in its tracks.find “a cure for Bird Flu as soon as possible”How does he support his solution? By analyzing the epidemics in history.The structure of this discursive essay1. Statement: Bird Flu=Spanish Flu 2. Problem: How to foresee and prevent it3. An analysis of the

19、problem4. Solution: International effort & faithComplete these sentences about the text in your own words.We know that epidemics have been with us for thousands of years because2. An epidemic may have been one of the key causes of the fall of the Roman Empire because3. The “Black Death” spread rapid

20、ly in Asia and Europe because4. SARS spread from Hong Kong to Canada, Vietnam and Singapore because5. Many doctors and nurses became ill with SARS because About the Plague550AD, Roman emperor Justinian, 25%-50%, the main reason why the Roman empire fell About the Black Death 1330s, in Asia, providin

21、g perfect conditions for the spreading. to 1/3 was lost toAbout Great Flu Epidemic of 1918 The most acute worldwide epidemic in the historySARSLiu Jianjun came to Hongkong, passed the virus to people. Then carriers carried it to Canada,Language points1. draw parallel between 把两者相比较 (找相似之处)e.g. He re

22、ached a conclusion after drawing parallels between these two cases. 他比较这两起案件之后得出了结论。 be parallel to 与平行；与相似 = be similar toe.g. 你的看法和我相似。 Your opinion is parallel to mine.parallel虽为adj.,但无比较级、最高级。 （perfect，favorite）= compare A with B*parallel n.相似物,平行线*parallel adj.类似的,平行的2. look through 浏览e.g. He o

23、ften looks through several newspapers before breakfast. 逐一查看，仔细检查e.g. There are some papers that I have to look through tonight. 穿过 看e.g. Look through the window and youll see a beautiful garden. 看穿某人e.g. I can look through her thought by her reaction.=go through3. what the future might hold. 将来会是怎样

24、hold v. 容纳; 持有(观点); 承受; 保持; 仍然有效e.g. The concert hall holds 1,000 audience. Other students hold the opinion that staying up is harmful to our health. Is that branch strong enough to hold you? Bolt holds the 100-metre world record. The offer I made to you last week still holds. hold a meeting 举行 hold

25、 on a second 稍等 容纳持有承受保持有效4. take ones life 夺走某人生命e.g. The earthquake in Yaan, Sichuan province has taken the lives of nearly 200 people. Unable to pay off the debts, he _ _ _ _. 无力偿还债务，他自杀了。5. be around 存在；在附近e.g. 任何时候你需要帮助，我都会在你身边。 Anytime you need help Ill be around.took hisown life= commit suici

26、de6. as long as 只要；和一样长久e.g. With the development of medicine, human beings are likely to live as long as 150 years in the future.e.g. You are allowed to go to the party tonight, as long as you come back before 10 oclock.7. cause and effect 因果e.g. Every thing that happens has its cause and effect. 每

27、件事的发生都有它的前因后果。 8. on record 有记录的, 有历史记载的 介词短语做后置定语e.g. I rent a house with garage. (带车库的房子)。 He was talking to the man in black.(穿黑衣的人) She is a girl of great kindness. (非常善良的女孩)9. attempt to do v. 试图，企图做 make an attempt to do e.g. 他试图谋杀国王但没有成功。 He attempted to murder the King but in vain.10. sweep

28、v. 打扫，清扫 Tomb Sweeping Day on April 4th or 5th sweep through 流行，迅速传遍e.g. 这首歌曾经风靡大江南北。 The song once swept through the country.swept-sweptn. 尝试，试图= spread11. up to 50% of the population died from this epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. up to + 数量词: (数目)高达，多达 f

29、all (n.) 衰败，没落 rise and fall (指人生)起伏, 兴衰 making的主语是_, 在句中作_状语。e.g. European football is played in 80 countries, _ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. e.g. His parents died, _(leave) him and his brother alone.整件事makingleaving ups and downs结果 = which makes it相当于非限制性定从 = which makes it = whi

30、ch left hime.g. He cut off the electricity immediately, _ (prevent) a terrible accident.e.g. It rained heavily, _ (cause) serious flooding in that country.preventing = which prevented causing = which caused12. a lack of 缺乏e.g. The company closed down (由于缺乏资金) _. lack vt. 缺乏 lacking adj. 缺乏的，不足的 be l

31、acking in 在方面不足，欠缺e.g. The report says that most of people today are lacking in social responsibility.lack n.due to a lack of moneybecause it lacked money.13. strike v. struck struck/striken (灾难疾病等)侵袭; e.g. The area was struck by a heavy storm. 打动; What struck me most was their passion for work. 使我深

32、受感动的是他们对工作的热情。 罢工; The Labor Union is striking for a pay rise of 10%. 工会正为提薪10%而罢工。 想到 It suddenly struck me how to work it out.= It suddenly _ _ me occurred to14. leave doing: 让sth./sb.一直处于状态e.g. 别让水一直流。 Dont leave the water running.leave sth./sb. + adj./adv./V-ing(主动)/V-ed (被动)e.g. Luke出去了但作业没做完。

33、Luke went out but left his homework _. e.g. 他的双亲去世了，留下他独自一人。 His parents death left him _.e.g. 隔壁的噪音让我一夜无眠。 The noise from next door left me _. aloneunfinishedadv.V-edawakenadj.16. a tendency to do 带有的倾向 = tend to do 往往，倾向于, 易于e.g. People have a tendency to make mistakes when they do things in a hur

34、ry. tend to 15. the young and fit 年轻力壮的人 the + adj. 表示一类人 反 the old and weak 年老体弱者17. Its said/reported/believed that sb./sth. = sb./sth. is said to + be doing have donee.g. He is said to _ to the South this winter. 据说他今年冬天要搬到南方去。His company is said to _. 据说他的公司遇到了困难。The children are said to _ by th

35、e river. 据说孩子们正在河边玩。They are said to _ London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。 They were said to _ in the battle. 据说他们已在战斗中被杀死了。do未发生/现在状态正在进行(在say之前)已完成movebe in troublebe playinghave lefthave been killed18. “Having killed up to 50 million people , the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in hi

36、story. ” kill的主语是_, 由主语(主动/被动)完 成。be believed to have been“被认为是”表示 (未发生/正在进行/已经完成)的动作，是在 kill(之前/之后)发生, 所以用having killed表示 主语主动做的这一动作在另一动作之前发生。e.g. _(realize) his mistake, Tom apologized to his teacher. _(help) so many times, the old man could do nothing but thanked the volunteers.Spanish FluHaving

37、realizedHaving been helped被动: Having been done1. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received2. _ many times, he finally understood it. (09四川10) A. ToldB. TellingC. Having toldD. Having been told 3. I hear theyve promoted Tom,

38、but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone.(08江西24) A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted 4. _around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(08陕西14) A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To sho

39、wCDBC5. _to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. (08重庆29) A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed6. _ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (08福建22) A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waitedD. To have waitedDC19. these statis

40、tics are much less impressive than those for the Spanish Flu.those: 代词, 替代上文出现过的复数名词 The watches in this shop are cheaper than _ in the shop across the street.that: 替代上文出现过的同类事物, 常指代不可数n. The weather in Hainan is much warmer than _ in Shanghai at this time of the year.one: 用法同that, 但常指单数可数n. Ipad wa

41、s quite handy to use. Really? I will get _ , too. it: 替代前文中提到的同一事物, 为单数n.;或整件事。that= statisticsthose= watches= weatherone= an Ipad it: 替代前文中提到的同一事物, 为单数n.;或整件事。 I have lost my purse. It was black. James got married last month. Have you heard about it?= the whole thing= my purse20. do trials on 对进行试验

42、e.g. 医院对这种新药已经进行了许多次试验。 The hospital has done many trials on the new medicine. (be) on trial (在)试用(期间)e.g. 他被雇来试用两周。 He was employed for two weeks on trial.21. prohibit v. 禁止, 阻止；限制, 妨碍 prohibit sb. _ doing sth.e.g. The new law prohibits people from smoking in the public places.from/forbid/ban+ doin

43、g= carry out experiment on22. outbreak n. (战争、疾病、灾难等) 爆发 break out (战争、疾病、灾难等) 爆发e.g. The sudden attack of Germany on Poland marked the outbreak of World War II. 德国突袭波兰标志着二战的爆发。23. have faith _ sth. 对有信心反 lose faith in sth. 对失去信心inLanguage Points1. wipe out 彻底毁灭e.g. 洪水彻底淹没了整个村庄。 The floods wiped out

44、 the whole village. 抹去，消除e.g. 没有什么能够抹去他过去痛苦的记忆。 Nothing could wipe out his bitter memories of the past.2. up to (数量等)高达，多达e.g. 多达3000个人去听了这场演唱会。 Up to 3,000 people attended the concert.+ 数量词3. die of / die from 死于内部原因(情感、冻饿等)：_外在原因(外伤、事故等)：_ died _ hunger/cold/illness/old age. died _ wound/accident/

45、overwork/ carelessness/drinking. He died _ lung cancer. _ smoking.die ofdie fromoffromoffromPhrases1. draw parallel between be parallel to2. look through3. take ones life4. cause and effect5. on record6. attempt to do7. sweep through swept swept8. a lack of 在两者之间比较与相似浏览；仔细检查夺走某人的生命因果关系有历史记载的尝试做席卷，蔓延

46、缺乏9. leave doing10. with a tendency to do 11. do trials on12. prohibit sb. from doing 13. have faith (in) lose faith in14. It suddenly strike me that 让处于某种状态带有的倾向对进行试验禁止某人做某事对有信心对失去信心我突然想起 Practices1. It must be the coldest winter _ _ in history. 这肯定是有历史记载以来最冷的冬天。2. His sight _ him _ _a pilot. 他的视力阻

47、止他成为一名飞行员。3. The crops is dying due to _ _ _ rain. 4. The government is trying to _ _ drug dealing on the boundary.政府竭力清除边境毒 品交易。5. The scientist _ many _ _ the liquid and finally got a result. 这个科学家对液体做了多次试验，最终得到了结果。on recordprohibitedfrom beinga lack ofwipe outdidtrials on6. Its said that the old

48、library will be rebuilt.= The old library _ _ _ _ _.7. Its reported that an earthquake happened last night in Italy.= An earthquake _ _ _ _ _ last night in Italy.8. He _ _ escape from the prison but _ _. 他试图越狱但没有成功。9. At that moment, _ _ _ _ _ I was wasting my time. 那一刻, 我突然意识到自己是在浪费时间。is said to is said tohave happenedattempted toin vainbe rebuiltit suddenly struck methat10 . The war _ over 10,